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issued by the Registrar of the Court   no. 039   20.01.2011   Young man abducted and tortured by State agents in Chechnya   In today’s Chamber judgment in the case Gisayev v. Russia (application no. 14811/04),   which is not final1, the European Court of Human Rights held, unanimously, that there   had been:   Two violations of Article 3 (prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading   treatment) of the European Convention on Human Rights;   Violation of Article 5 (right to liberty and security);   Violation of Article 13 (right to an effective remedy) in conjunction with Aricle 3);   No violation of Article 34 (right of individual petition).   The case concerned the abduction, unacknowledged detention and torture of Akhmed   Gisayev in the fall of 2003 and the lack of effective investigation into that.   Principal facts   The applicant, Akhmed Gisayev, is a Russian national who was born in 1973 and lives in   Grozny in the Chechen Republic of Russia.   According to Akhmed, he was abducted from his home at about 7 a.m. on 23 October   by a group of twenty to thirty men wearing camouflage uniforms with a sign on the   forearm saying “Armed Forces of Russia”, black masks, sub-machine guns, bullet-proof   jackets and helmets. They spoke unaccented Russian and were very well coordinated.   After searching his house, the men put him on a vehicle and drove away placing a shirt   over his head.   He was taken consecutively to three different places, unknown to him, where he was   beaten and tortured, throughout the period until his release on 8 November 2003, in an   attempt to find out whether he knew anything about the Chechen rebels and weapon   hoards. In particular, his abductors ran electricity through his body, beat him all over the   body, hung him by his arms, stepped on him and kicked him, made him lie on a floor   covered with water, put a gas-mask on his face and made him inhale suffocating smells,   repeatedly threatened to kill him and his family, and forced him to drink alcohol and   smoke cigarettes to check whether he was not a radical Islamic fundamentalist.   While he did not know the exact buildings in which he was held, he recognised the places   to be near the premises of the operational-search bureau ORB-2, the FSB (Federal   Under Articles 43 and 44 of the Convention, this Chamber judgment is not final. During the three-month   period following its delivery, any party may request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber of the   Court. If such a request is made, a panel of five judges considers whether the case deserves further   examination. In that event, the Grand Chamber will hear the case and deliver a final judgment. If the referral   request is refused, the Chamber judgment will become final on that day.   Once a judgment becomes final, it is transmitted to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe for   supervision of its execution. Further information about the execution process can be found here:   www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution     Security Service), the Organised Crime Unit (“the UBOP”), the military commander’s   office and the government of the Chechen Republic.   On 8 November 2003, Akhmed’s abductors told him to leave Chechnya or else they   would kill him and his family, following which they took him to a relative of his working   for the law-enforcement authorities. Akhmed saw his relative give something to two   servicemen wearing camouflage uniforms with the Russian military sign on the sleeves.   Alkhmed discovered later that his relatives had paid a ransom of about 1,500 US dollars   for his release. He did not disclose the identity of the relative who brought him home as   he feared for his life.   After his return home, Akhmed suffered from major health problems, including severe   brain contusion, recurring hypertensive-hydrocephalic crises, recurring vestibular crises,   strongly pronounced astheno-neurotic syndrome. He could hardly walk, trembled, could   not sleep, had severe head-aches, at times lost his coordination and memory of current   events, ached strongly in various places and felt dizziness and weakness. He submitted   medical certificates evidencing the above complaints.   An investigation into Akhmed’s abduction was opened on 1 November 2003 and is still   pending. Some witnesses were interviewed, however, the Russian Government did not   disclose any material related to the investigation referring to the incompatibility of such   a step with Russian legislation.   Akhmed also complained that he was intimidated on several occasions after his release   by several people - including prosecutors, investigators and police officers - who   threatened him and told him he was lucky to be alive and should better agree to the   closing of the investigation.   Complaints, procedure and composition of the Court   Relying on Articles 3, 5, 13 and 34, Akhmed complained that he had been abducted,   detained and tortured, and there had been no effective investigation into it, that he had   been intimidated by the Russian authorities in relation to his complaint to the Court and   he did not have an effective remedy for his complaints.   The application was lodged with the European Court of Human Rights on 19 April 2004.   Judgment was given by a Chamber of seven, composed as follows:   Christos Rozakis (Greece), President,   Nina Vajić (Croatia),   Anatoly Kovler (Russia),   Dean Spielmann (Luxembourg),   Sverre Erik Jebens (Norway),   Giorgio Malinverni (Switzerland),   George Nicolaou (Cyprus), Judges,   and also Søren Nielsen, Section Registrar.   Decision of the Court   Article 3   Investigation   The Court recalled that an obligation to investigate was not an obligation of result but an   obligation of means: not every investigation could necessarily be successful or come to   the conclusion advanced by the claimant. However, investigations should, in principle, be   capable to lead to the establishment of the facts of the case and, if the allegations   proved to be true, to the identification and punishment of those responsible. In addition,   to be effective, investigations had to be thorough and prompt.   The Russian Government had not disclosed any documents from the investigation into   Akhmed’s abduction. In the light of that, it had been impossible for the Court to establish   what investigative measures had been taken, how promptly, and - even - whether they   had been taken at all. Referring to the investigative steps which the Government   asserted had been carried out, the Court noted that the following crucial steps appeared   to have never been carried out: no police officers had been interviewed, no attempt had   been made to verify Akhmed’s submission that he had been detained on the premises of   ORB-2, no forensic examination had been made of the clothes in which he had been   detained and his relatives had not been questioned after his release. Accordingly, the   effectiveness of the investigation had been critically undermined. Given that it had been   pending for many years without any tangible result, the Court found that the Russian   authorities had failed to carry out an effective investigation into Akhmed’s allegations of   ill-treatment. There had, therefore, been a violation of Article 3.   Torture   The Court was satisfied that Akhmed had presented a very detailed, coherent and   convincing picture of his abduction, detention and alleged ill-treatment. The Government   had refused to produce any documents related to the investigation and the Court could   thus draw inferences from it in respect of Akhmed’s allegations. In addition, Akhmed had   submitted medical documentation attesting to injuries and illnesses he had complained   had been the result of his ill-treatment in detention. In the absence of any explanation   by the Government about how Akhmed’s abduction, detention and injuries had occurred,   the Court found that Akhmed had been kidnapped and held in unacknowledged detention   by the Russian authorities, who ill-treated him as he had described. Given the level of   pain and permanent anxiety caused to him by the on-going ill-treatment, the grave   after-effects described by him and attested in the medical certificates, the Court   concluded that Akhmed had been tortured, in violation of Article 3.   Article 5   Having regard to its above finding that Akhmed had been detained by the authorities on   October 2003 and the fact that the Government had not given any satisfactory   explanation about his detention from that date until his release on 8 November 2003,   the Court held that during that period Akhmed had been held in unacknowledged   detention in complete disregard of the safeguards in Article 5. That had been a   particularly grave violation of his right to liberty and security and there had, therefore,   been a violation of Article 5.   Article 13 in conjunction with Article 3   Given that the investigation into the events had been inadequate, any other remedy   available to Akhmed, including a claim for damages, had had limited chances of success.   Consequently, there had been a violation of Article 13 in conjunction with Article 3.   Article 34   The Court was unable to establish whether the alleged occasions of pressure put on   Akhmed and his relatives had been connected to his application before it. Likewise, the   Court could not establish that they had taken placed at all, given that no evidence, such   as statements by Akhmed’s relatives had been presented to confirm his allegations.   Finally, Akhmed had only raised his complaint about pressure put on him two years after   the lodging of his application before the Court. Accordingly, the alleged breach of Article   had not been established.   Article 41   Under Article 41 (just satisfaction) of the Convention, the Court held that Russia was to   pay Akhmed 55,000 euros (EUR) in respect of non-pecuniary damage and EUR 1,957 in   respect of costs and expenses.   The judgment is available only in English.   This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court.   Decisions, judgments and further information about the Court can be found on its   Internet site. To receive the Court’s press releases, please subscribe to the Court’s RSS   feeds.   Press contacts   [email protected] | tel: +33 3 90 21 42 08   Kristina Pencheva-Malinowski (tel: + 33 3 88 41 35 70)   Emma Hellyer (tel: + 33 3 90 21 42 15)   Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel: + 33 3 88 41 35 30)   Céline Menu-Lange (tel: + 33 3 90 21 58 77)   Frédéric Dolt (tel: + 33 3 90 21 53 39)   Nina Salomon (tel: + 33 3 90 21 49 79)   The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of   Europe Member States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European   Convention on Human Rights.   4