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WyrokETPCz2013-05-30

Analiza orzeczenia

Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.

Zagadnienie prawne
Czy udział sędziego Sądu Najwyższego w poprzedniej decyzji dotyczącej apelacji kasacyjnej skarżącego naruszył prawo do bezstronnego sądu zgodnie z art. 6 ust. 1 Konwencji?
Ratio decidendi
Trybunał stwierdził naruszenie art. 6 ust. 1 Konwencji, ponieważ ten sam sędzia brał udział w dwóch różnych etapach tego samego postępowania dotyczącego sprawy skarżącego. Taka sytuacja budzi uzasadnione wątpliwości co do obiektywnej bezstronności sędziego, co jest niezgodne z wymogami rzetelnego procesu.
Stan faktyczny
Ahmadshah Zeynalov został skazany w grudniu 2004 r. za uprawę ziemi, która do niego nie należała, i ukarany grzywną. Wyrok ten został utrzymany w mocy przez Sąd Najwyższy w październiku 2006 r. Skarżący zarzucił, że jeden z sędziów Sądu Najwyższego, który wydał ostateczny wyrok, wcześniej uczestniczył w innej decyzji dotyczącej jego apelacji kasacyjnej.
Rozstrzygnięcie
Stwierdza naruszenie art. 6 § 1. Zasądza zadośćuczynienie.

Pełny tekst orzeczenia

issued by the Registrar of the Court   ECHR 162 (2013)   30.05.2013   Judgments concerning Azerbaijan, Estonia, France, Russia,   and Ukraine   The European Court of Human Rights has today notified in writing the following seven   Chamber judgments1, none of which is final. The judgments in French are indicated with   an asterisk (*).   The Court has also delivered today its judgment in the case of Lavida and Others v. Greece   (application no. 7973/10), for which a separate press release has been issued.   Zeynalov v. Azerbaijan (application no. 31848/07)   The applicant, Ahmadshah Zeynalov, is an Azerbaijani national who was born in 1935   and lives in Siyazan (Azerbaijan). In December 2004 he was found guilty of having   cultivated a plot of land which did not belong to him, and sentenced to pay a fine. The   judgment was eventually upheld by the Supreme Court in October 2006. Relying on   Article 6 § 1 (right to a fair trial) of the European Convention on Human Rights,   Mr Zeynalov complained that one of the Supreme Court judges who had sat on the panel   which had handed down the final judgment in his case had already taken part in an   earlier decision concerning his cassation appeal and could therefore not have been   impartial.   Violation of Article 6 § 1   Just satisfaction: EUR 1,000 (costs and expenses)   Martin v. Estonia (no. 35985/09)   The applicant, Keijo Martin, is an Estonian national who was born in 1988. He is   currently serving a ten-year prison sentence for a murder committed in 2006, his   conviction for that offence having been upheld by the Supreme Court in January 2009.   Relying on Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (c) (right to a fair trial and right to legal assistance of   own choosing), he complained that his defence rights had been violated as his lawyer   had been denied access to him during the pre-trial proceedings and his conviction had   been based on evidence obtained during those proceedings.   Violation of Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (c)   Just satisfaction: EUR 4,500 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 2,821,54 (costs and   expenses)   Under Articles 43 and 44 of the Convention, Chamber judgments are not final. During the three-month   period following a judgment’s delivery, any party may request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber   of the Court. If such a request is made, a panel of five judges considers whether the case deserves further   examination. In that event, the Grand Chamber will hear the case and deliver a final judgment. If the referral   request is refused, the Chamber judgment will become final on that day. Under Article 28 of the Convention,   judgments delivered by a Committee are final.   Once a judgment becomes final, it is transmitted to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe for   supervision of its execution. Further information about the execution process can be found here:   www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution   Rafaa v. France (no. 25393/10)*   The applicant, Rachid Rafaa, is a Moroccan national who was born in 1976 and lives in   Metz (France). The case concerned his extradition to Morocco, which he claimed would   jeopardise his life and safety. After arriving in France illegally from Morocco, where he   alleged he had been detained and tortured by the secret services because of his support   for the Sahrawi cause, Mr Rafaa was apprehended and placed in administrative   detention. When the Moroccan authorities issued an international arrest warrant against   him for acts of terrorism, he was imprisoned with a view to his extradition in 2009. The   French courts approved the extradition. The applicant appealed but his appeal was   dismissed in 2010. The French authorities issued a decree with a view to his extradition,   and his appeal to the Conseil d’État was rejected in 2011. In the meantime Mr Rafaa had   also applied for asylum, but that application was rejected in 2010, as was his application   for legal aid to appeal on points of law. The applicant alleged in particular that his   extradition to Morocco would expose him to risks of treatment contrary to Article 3   (prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment).   Violation of Article 3 (in the event of the applicant’s expulsion to Morocco)   Interim measure (Rule 39 of the Rules of Court) – not to expel Mr Rafaa – still in   force until judgment becomes final or until further order.   Just satisfaction: The applicant did not submit any claim for just satisfaction.   Davitidze v. Russia (no. 8810/05)   The applicant, Levan Davitidze, is a Georgian national who was born in 1960. In a   judgment of April 2004, upheld in August 2004, he was convicted of the procurement,   possession and supply of heroin. The conviction of procurement and possession of drugs   was excluded in a supervisory review by the presidium of the Moscow City Court in   March 2009, and his prison sentence was reduced from eight years to seven years and   six months. Relying in particular on Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading   treatment), Mr Davitidze complained that during and following his arrest on 20 August   he had been ill-treated by police officers – he alleged in particular that he had been   hit with a gun handle and that a suffocating technique had been used on him – and that   there had been no effective investigation into those complaints.   Two violations of Article 3 (ill-treatment + ineffective investigation)   Just satisfaction: EUR 7,500 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 2,130 (costs and   expenses)   Malofeyeva v. Russia (no. 36673/04)   The applicant, Antonina Malofeyeva, is a Russian national who was born in 1953 and   lives in Irkutsk (Russia). Charged with fraud for allegedly misappropriating money in the   private company for which she had worked, she was placed in detention on remand in   November 2003, where she remained until her release in May 2004. In a judgment of   September 2007, upheld in July 2008, she was acquitted of the fraud charges. While the   criminal proceedings against her were still pending, Ms Malofeyeva was arrested again   on 7 June 2005, together with two friends, for organising a demonstration outside the   Federal Judges Qualifications Board building in Moscow to protest against the allegedly   “unlawful actions of public authorities and corruption”. In a court hearing on the same   day, Ms Malofeyeva was found guilty of the administrative offence of non-compliance   with a lawful order by a police officer and sentenced to seven days’ detention. Relying in   particular on Article 5 §§ 2 and 4 (right to liberty and security), Ms Malofeyeva   complained that she had not been promptly informed of the reasons for her arrest in   November 2003 and that her appeal against her detention order had not been examined   speedily. Relying on Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (right to a fair trial), she complained that in the   proceedings concerning the alleged administrative offence she had not had a fair and   public hearing. Lastly, she complained that the dispersal of the demonstration by the   police and her arrest and prosecution for an administrative offence had been in breach of   Article 10 (freedom of expression) and Article 11 (freedom of assembly and association).   Violation of Article 5 § 2   Violation of Article 5 § 4   Violation of Article 6 §§ 1 and 3   Violation of Article 11, assessed in the light of Article 10   Just satisfaction: The applicant did not submit a claim for just satisfaction within the   time-limit set.   OOO ‘Vesti’ and Ukhov v. Russia (no. 21724/03)   The applicants in this case are a Russian limited liability company based in Kirov   (Russia), which publishes the newspaper Gubernskie Vesti, and one of the newspaper’s   journalists, Sergey Ukhov, a Russian national who was born in 1951 and lives in Kirov.   The case concerned defamation proceedings following the publication of an article   written by Mr Ukhov in August 2002 which had made critical statements about a high-   ranking local official and his involvement in a regional cultural project. The newspaper’s   editorial board and Mr Ukhov were ordered to pay the plaintiff damages, and the   newspaper was ordered to publish a retraction statement drafted by the plaintiff, in court   decisions upheld in substance in December 2002. The applicants complained that those   decisions had violated their rights under Article 10 (freedom of expression). They also   complained that the courts which had examined the defamation claim had been biased   and that the principles of adversarial proceedings and equality of arms had been   breached, contrary to Article 6 § 1 (right to a fair hearing).   No violation of Article 10   No violation of Article 6 § 1 (as regards both the alleged partiality of the courts and   the principles of adversarial proceedings and equality of arms)   Nataliya Mikhaylenko v. Ukraine (no. 49069/11)   The applicant, Nataliya Mikhaylenko, is a Ukrainian national who was born in 1971 and   lives in Simferopol (Crimea, Ukraine). As she was suffering from a severe mental illness,   Ms Mikhaylenko’s father applied to the courts in 2007, seeking to deprive her of her legal   capacity. Following a forensic psychiatric expert’s opinion, the courts granted her father’s   request in July 2007. When her health improved, Ms Mikhaylenko applied to have her   legal capacity restored. Relying on Article   § 1 (right of access to court),   Ms Mikhaylenko complained that the district court had rejected her application in   November 2010 without having considered it on the merits, as under the Ukrainian Code   of Civil Procedure an incapacitated person is not entitled to submit such an application.   The decision was eventually upheld in March 2011.   Violation of Article 6 § 1   Just satisfaction: EUR 3,600 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 1,038 (costs and   expenses)   This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court.   Decisions, judgments and further information about the Court can be found on   www.echr.coe.int. To receive the Court’s press releases, please subscribe here:   www.echr.coe.int/RSS/en or follow us on Twitter @ECHR_Press.   Press contacts   [email protected]e.int | tel: +33 3 90 21 42 08   Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel: + 33 3 88 41 35 30)   Nina Salomon (tel: + 33 3 90 21 49 79)   Denis Lambert (tel: + 33 3 90 21 41 09)   Jean Conte (tel: + 33 3 90 21 58 77)   The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of   Europe Member States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European   Convention on Human Rights.   4

© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 15.07.2026. · Źródło