003-4377881-5255092
WyrokETPCz2013-05-30
Analiza orzeczenia
Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.
Zagadnienie prawne
Czy udział sędziego Sądu Najwyższego w poprzedniej decyzji dotyczącej apelacji kasacyjnej skarżącego naruszył prawo do bezstronnego sądu zgodnie z art. 6 ust. 1 Konwencji?Ratio decidendi
Trybunał stwierdził naruszenie art. 6 ust. 1 Konwencji, ponieważ ten sam sędzia brał udział w dwóch różnych etapach tego samego postępowania dotyczącego sprawy skarżącego. Taka sytuacja budzi uzasadnione wątpliwości co do obiektywnej bezstronności sędziego, co jest niezgodne z wymogami rzetelnego procesu.Stan faktyczny
Ahmadshah Zeynalov został skazany w grudniu 2004 r. za uprawę ziemi, która do niego nie należała, i ukarany grzywną. Wyrok ten został utrzymany w mocy przez Sąd Najwyższy w październiku 2006 r. Skarżący zarzucił, że jeden z sędziów Sądu Najwyższego, który wydał ostateczny wyrok, wcześniej uczestniczył w innej decyzji dotyczącej jego apelacji kasacyjnej.Rozstrzygnięcie
Stwierdza naruszenie art. 6 § 1. Zasądza zadośćuczynienie.Pełny tekst orzeczenia
issued by the Registrar of the Court
ECHR 162 (2013)
30.05.2013
Judgments concerning Azerbaijan, Estonia, France, Russia,
and Ukraine
The European Court of Human Rights has today notified in writing the following seven
Chamber judgments1, none of which is final. The judgments in French are indicated with
an asterisk (*).
The Court has also delivered today its judgment in the case of Lavida and Others v. Greece
(application no. 7973/10), for which a separate press release has been issued.
Zeynalov v. Azerbaijan (application no. 31848/07)
The applicant, Ahmadshah Zeynalov, is an Azerbaijani national who was born in 1935
and lives in Siyazan (Azerbaijan). In December 2004 he was found guilty of having
cultivated a plot of land which did not belong to him, and sentenced to pay a fine. The
judgment was eventually upheld by the Supreme Court in October 2006. Relying on
Article 6 § 1 (right to a fair trial) of the European Convention on Human Rights,
Mr Zeynalov complained that one of the Supreme Court judges who had sat on the panel
which had handed down the final judgment in his case had already taken part in an
earlier decision concerning his cassation appeal and could therefore not have been
impartial.
Violation of Article 6 § 1
Just satisfaction: EUR 1,000 (costs and expenses)
Martin v. Estonia (no. 35985/09)
The applicant, Keijo Martin, is an Estonian national who was born in 1988. He is
currently serving a ten-year prison sentence for a murder committed in 2006, his
conviction for that offence having been upheld by the Supreme Court in January 2009.
Relying on Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (c) (right to a fair trial and right to legal assistance of
own choosing), he complained that his defence rights had been violated as his lawyer
had been denied access to him during the pre-trial proceedings and his conviction had
been based on evidence obtained during those proceedings.
Violation of Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (c)
Just satisfaction: EUR 4,500 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 2,821,54 (costs and
expenses)
Under Articles 43 and 44 of the Convention, Chamber judgments are not final. During the three-month
period following a judgment’s delivery, any party may request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber
of the Court. If such a request is made, a panel of five judges considers whether the case deserves further
examination. In that event, the Grand Chamber will hear the case and deliver a final judgment. If the referral
request is refused, the Chamber judgment will become final on that day. Under Article 28 of the Convention,
judgments delivered by a Committee are final.
Once a judgment becomes final, it is transmitted to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe for
supervision of its execution. Further information about the execution process can be found here:
www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution
Rafaa v. France (no. 25393/10)*
The applicant, Rachid Rafaa, is a Moroccan national who was born in 1976 and lives in
Metz (France). The case concerned his extradition to Morocco, which he claimed would
jeopardise his life and safety. After arriving in France illegally from Morocco, where he
alleged he had been detained and tortured by the secret services because of his support
for the Sahrawi cause, Mr Rafaa was apprehended and placed in administrative
detention. When the Moroccan authorities issued an international arrest warrant against
him for acts of terrorism, he was imprisoned with a view to his extradition in 2009. The
French courts approved the extradition. The applicant appealed but his appeal was
dismissed in 2010. The French authorities issued a decree with a view to his extradition,
and his appeal to the Conseil d’État was rejected in 2011. In the meantime Mr Rafaa had
also applied for asylum, but that application was rejected in 2010, as was his application
for legal aid to appeal on points of law. The applicant alleged in particular that his
extradition to Morocco would expose him to risks of treatment contrary to Article 3
(prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment).
Violation of Article 3 (in the event of the applicant’s expulsion to Morocco)
Interim measure (Rule 39 of the Rules of Court) – not to expel Mr Rafaa – still in
force until judgment becomes final or until further order.
Just satisfaction: The applicant did not submit any claim for just satisfaction.
Davitidze v. Russia (no. 8810/05)
The applicant, Levan Davitidze, is a Georgian national who was born in 1960. In a
judgment of April 2004, upheld in August 2004, he was convicted of the procurement,
possession and supply of heroin. The conviction of procurement and possession of drugs
was excluded in a supervisory review by the presidium of the Moscow City Court in
March 2009, and his prison sentence was reduced from eight years to seven years and
six months. Relying in particular on Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading
treatment), Mr Davitidze complained that during and following his arrest on 20 August he had been ill-treated by police officers – he alleged in particular that he had been
hit with a gun handle and that a suffocating technique had been used on him – and that
there had been no effective investigation into those complaints.
Two violations of Article 3 (ill-treatment + ineffective investigation)
Just satisfaction: EUR 7,500 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 2,130 (costs and
expenses)
Malofeyeva v. Russia (no. 36673/04)
The applicant, Antonina Malofeyeva, is a Russian national who was born in 1953 and
lives in Irkutsk (Russia). Charged with fraud for allegedly misappropriating money in the
private company for which she had worked, she was placed in detention on remand in
November 2003, where she remained until her release in May 2004. In a judgment of
September 2007, upheld in July 2008, she was acquitted of the fraud charges. While the
criminal proceedings against her were still pending, Ms Malofeyeva was arrested again
on 7 June 2005, together with two friends, for organising a demonstration outside the
Federal Judges Qualifications Board building in Moscow to protest against the allegedly
“unlawful actions of public authorities and corruption”. In a court hearing on the same
day, Ms Malofeyeva was found guilty of the administrative offence of non-compliance
with a lawful order by a police officer and sentenced to seven days’ detention. Relying in
particular on Article 5 §§ 2 and 4 (right to liberty and security), Ms Malofeyeva
complained that she had not been promptly informed of the reasons for her arrest in
November 2003 and that her appeal against her detention order had not been examined
speedily. Relying on Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (right to a fair trial), she complained that in the
proceedings concerning the alleged administrative offence she had not had a fair and
public hearing. Lastly, she complained that the dispersal of the demonstration by the
police and her arrest and prosecution for an administrative offence had been in breach of
Article 10 (freedom of expression) and Article 11 (freedom of assembly and association).
Violation of Article 5 § 2
Violation of Article 5 § 4
Violation of Article 6 §§ 1 and 3
Violation of Article 11, assessed in the light of Article 10
Just satisfaction: The applicant did not submit a claim for just satisfaction within the
time-limit set.
OOO ‘Vesti’ and Ukhov v. Russia (no. 21724/03)
The applicants in this case are a Russian limited liability company based in Kirov
(Russia), which publishes the newspaper Gubernskie Vesti, and one of the newspaper’s
journalists, Sergey Ukhov, a Russian national who was born in 1951 and lives in Kirov.
The case concerned defamation proceedings following the publication of an article
written by Mr Ukhov in August 2002 which had made critical statements about a high-
ranking local official and his involvement in a regional cultural project. The newspaper’s
editorial board and Mr Ukhov were ordered to pay the plaintiff damages, and the
newspaper was ordered to publish a retraction statement drafted by the plaintiff, in court
decisions upheld in substance in December 2002. The applicants complained that those
decisions had violated their rights under Article 10 (freedom of expression). They also
complained that the courts which had examined the defamation claim had been biased
and that the principles of adversarial proceedings and equality of arms had been
breached, contrary to Article 6 § 1 (right to a fair hearing).
No violation of Article 10
No violation of Article 6 § 1 (as regards both the alleged partiality of the courts and
the principles of adversarial proceedings and equality of arms)
Nataliya Mikhaylenko v. Ukraine (no. 49069/11)
The applicant, Nataliya Mikhaylenko, is a Ukrainian national who was born in 1971 and
lives in Simferopol (Crimea, Ukraine). As she was suffering from a severe mental illness,
Ms Mikhaylenko’s father applied to the courts in 2007, seeking to deprive her of her legal
capacity. Following a forensic psychiatric expert’s opinion, the courts granted her father’s
request in July 2007. When her health improved, Ms Mikhaylenko applied to have her
legal capacity restored. Relying on Article § 1 (right of access to court),
Ms Mikhaylenko complained that the district court had rejected her application in
November 2010 without having considered it on the merits, as under the Ukrainian Code
of Civil Procedure an incapacitated person is not entitled to submit such an application.
The decision was eventually upheld in March 2011.
Violation of Article 6 § 1
Just satisfaction: EUR 3,600 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 1,038 (costs and
expenses)
This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court.
Decisions, judgments and further information about the Court can be found on
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The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of
Europe Member States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European
Convention on Human Rights.
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© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 15.07.2026. · Źródło