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WyrokETPCz2013-09-17

Analiza orzeczenia

Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.

Zagadnienie prawne
Czy zatrzymanie skarżącej, po tym jak wyrok nakazujący jej detencję został uchylony przez sąd apelacyjny z powodu braku reprezentacji prawnej, stanowiło naruszenie prawa do wolności i bezpieczeństwa osobistego z art. 5 ust. 1 Konwencji?
Ratio decidendi
Trybunał uznał, że detencja skarżącej stała się bezprawna po tym, jak sąd apelacyjny uchylił wyrok stanowiący podstawę jej zatrzymania. Uchylenie to było spowodowane brakiem reprezentacji prawnej skarżącej, co podważyło legalność całego procesu prowadzącego do detencji. Dalsze przetrzymywanie skarżącej po uchyleniu wyroku pozbawiło ją wolności w sposób niezgodny z krajowym prawem, a tym samym naruszyło art. 5 ust. 1 Konwencji.
Stan faktyczny
Angela Danalachi, obywatelka Mołdawii, została skazana za sprzeniewierzenie i ukarana grzywną, która uprawomocniła się w listopadzie 2008 r. Po niezapłaceniu grzywny, sąd w lutym 2009 r. zamienił ją na 12 miesięcy detencji, a skarżąca została zatrzymana tego samego dnia. W marcu 2009 r. sąd apelacyjny uchylił wyrok nakazujący detencję, ponieważ skarżąca nie była reprezentowana przez prawnika. Mimo to, skarżąca została zwolniona dopiero 31 marca 2009 r., po uiszczeniu grzywny.
Rozstrzygnięcie
Stwierdza naruszenie art. 5 § 1 Konwencji. Zasądza 5 000 EUR tytułem zadośćuczynienia za szkodę niemajątkową.

Pełny tekst orzeczenia

issued by the Registrar of the Court   ECHR 259 (2013)   17.09.2013   Chamber judgments concerning the Republic of Moldova, Montenegro,   Poland, Portugal, Romania, and Turkey   The European Court of Human Rights has today notified in writing the following nine Chamber   judgments1 none of which are final. The judgments in French are indicated with an asterisk (*).   The Court has also delivered today its judgment in the case of Söyler v. Turkey (application no. 29411/07), for   which a separate press release has been issued.   Danalachi v. the Republic of Moldova (application no. 25664/09)   The applicant, Angela Danalachi, is a Moldovan national who was born in 1972 and lives in Cantemir   (Republic of Moldova). She was convicted of misappropriation and ordered to pay a fine in a   judgment which became final in November 2008. On 20 February 2009, a court replaced the fine,   which she had failed to pay, with an order for her detention for 12 months, and she was detained on   the same day. The judgment was quashed by the appeal court on 12 March 2009, as Ms Danalachi   had not been represented by a lawyer. She was released on 31 March 2009, her fine having been   paid in the meantime. Relying in particular on Article 5 § 1 (right to liberty and security) of the   European Convention on Human Rights, Ms Danalachi complained that her detention had been   unlawful after the appeal court had quashed the judgment ordering her detention.   Violation of Article 5 § 1   Just satisfaction: EUR 5,000 (non-pecuniary damage)   Mijanović v. Montenegro (no. 19580/06)   The applicant, Borislav Mijanović, was a Montenegrin national who was born in 1930 and lived in   Podgorica. He died in 2010 and his daughter, Marina Mijanović Markuš, maintained his application   before the Court in his stead. The case concerned the lengthy non-enforcement of a court judgment   given in September 2003 in Mr Mijanović’s favour, enforceable as of September 2004, ordering a   joint-stock company mostly consisting of State-owned capital to pay him compensation.   Ms Mijanović Markuš complained, in substance, that the non-enforcement of the judgment had   violated her rights under Article 6 § 1 (right to a fair hearing) and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1   (protection of property) to the Convention.   Violation of Article 6 § 1   Violation of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1   Just satisfaction: In respect of pecuniary damage, Montenegro is to pay Ms Mijanović Markuš,   within three months from the date on which the judgment becomes final, the award made by the   national courts.   Under Articles 43 and 44 of the Convention, Chamber judgments are not final. During the three-month period following a judgment’s   delivery, any party may request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber of the Court. If such a request is made, a panel of five   judges considers whether the case deserves further examination. In that event, the Grand Chamber will hear the case and deliver a final   judgment. If the referral request is refused, the Chamber judgment will become final on that day. Under Article 28 of the Convention,   judgments delivered by a Committee are final.   Once a judgment becomes final, it is transmitted to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe for supervision of its execution.   Further information about the execution process can be found here: www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution   Brzuszczyński v. Poland (no. 23789/09)   The applicant, Piotr Brzuszczyński, is a Polish national who was born in 1959 and is currently in   prison. He was convicted of a number of offences, including aiding and abetting murder, committed   in 2001, and sentenced to a cumulative penalty of 15 years’ imprisonment in a judgment which was   eventually upheld in December 2008. Relying on Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (d) (right to a fair trial and right   to obtain attendance and examination of witnesses), he complained that he had not had a fair trial,   as his conviction had been based on statements made by a co-suspect who had committed suicide   before the trial started, making it impossible for Mr Brzuszczyński to examine him as a witness.   No violation of Article 6 § 1 in conjunction with Article 6 § 3   Przemyk v. Poland (no. 22426/11)   The applicant, Leopold Przemyk, is a Polish national who was born in 1940 and lives in Warsaw. The   case concerned the criminal proceedings brought against a group of police officers who were   acquitted in 1984 of beating to death Mr Przemyk’s son in 1983. In 1990, the trial was reopened, the   trial court finding that the original proceedings had been seriously defective, in particular because of   the authorities’ tampering with evidence. After an initial acquittal of one and the conviction of two   other former police officers, the judgment was quashed by the Supreme Court and remitted in   respect of the police officer who had been acquitted. In May 2008, the police officer was convicted   of battery, but the appeal court, in December 2009, quashed the judgment and discontinued the   proceedings, finding that this offence had become time-barred in 2005. The judgment was   eventually upheld by the Supreme Court in July 2010. Relying on Article 2 (right to life), Mr Przemyk   complained that the authorities had not conducted an effective investigation to establish liability for   his son’s death. He further submitted that the proceedings had not concerned an ordinary crime but   one committed by State officials for reasons of political intimidation during the communist regime.   Violation of Article 2 (procedure) – on account of the ineffective investigation   Just satisfaction: EUR 20,000 (non-pecuniary damage)   Welsh and Silva Canha v. Portugal (no. 16812/11)*   The applicants, Eduardo Pedro Welsh and Gil da Silva Canha, are Portuguese nationals who were   born in 1967 and 1961 and live in Funchal (Portugal). At the relevant time they were deputy director   and director respectively of the satirical newspaper Garajau. A criminal complaint was lodged   against them by the Vice-President of the Madeira regional government, who had been the subject   of a number of articles and a front cover published by the applicants concerning his purchase of   some land. The applicants were acquitted initially but were subsequently convicted of defamation by   the Lisbon Court of Appeal, which took the view that they had not succeeded in demonstrating the   truth of their allegations. The applicants argued that their conviction for defamation had infringed   their rights under Article 10 (freedom of expression).   Violation of Article 10   Just satisfaction: EUR 5,000 (costs and expenses)   Olariu v. Romania (no. 12845/08)*   The applicant, Daniel Olariu, is a Romanian national who was born in 1977 and lives in Iaşi   (Romania). He was placed in pre-trial detention in Iaşi Prison in January 1999, before being released   in October of the same year. On 27 March 2002, he was sentenced to eight years’ imprisonment for   fraud. After evading sentence he was arrested by the Iaşi police on 30 June 2007 and imprisoned on   the same day. Relying in particular on Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment),   Mr Olariu complained of his conditions of detention in Iaşi Prison in 1999 and since 30 June 2007 and   alleged that the prison authorities had failed to provide him with the necessary medical care.   Violation of Article 3 – regarding the applicant’s conditions of detention in Iaşi Prison since 30 June     Just satisfaction: EUR 1,000 (non-pecuniary damage)   Amine Güzel v. Turkey (no. 41844/09)   The applicant, Amine Güzel, is a Turkish national who was born in 1980 and lives in Diyarbakır   (Turkey). She was arrested in February 2008 following a gathering in Diyarbakır to make a press   statement against military operations by the Turkish security forces. Relying notably on Article 3   (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment), she alleged in particular that the investigation into   her complaints that she had been ill-treated by police officers during her arrest and during the   subsequent police custody had been ineffective.   Violation of Article 3 (procedure) – on account of the ineffective investigation   Just satisfaction: EUR 12,500 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 1,500 (costs and expenses)   Eşim v. Turkey (no. 59601/09)   The applicant, Uğur Eşim, is a Turkish national who was born in 1969 and lives in İstanbul. He was   severely wounded by gunshots while serving as a conscript in the army in a clash between security   forces and a group of terrorists in 1990. As a result he was permanently disabled and was discharged   from the army. In 2007, a medical examination revealed, in particular, that he had a bullet in his   head, the removal of which would be life-threatening. Mr Eşim’s subsequent application for   compensation – alleging that the bullet had remained in his head on account of medical negligence   and that this had not been taken into account in calculating his disability pension – was dismissed.   Two subsequent actions which he brought were rejected by the courts as being out of time, the   decisions eventually being upheld in April 2009 by the Supreme Military Administrative Court.   Mr Eşim complained that this decision had violated his rights, in particular, under Article 6 § 1 (right   to a fair trial).   Violation of Article 6 § 1 (right of access to a court)   Just satisfaction: EUR 3,000 (non-pecuniary damage)   Fazlı Kaya v. Turkey (no. 24820/05)   The applicant, Fazlı Kaya, is a Turkish national who was born in 1960 and is currently serving a prison   sentence in Edirne (Turkey). He was convicted of membership of an illegal organisation and   sentenced to 12 years and six months’ imprisonment in a judgment which was eventually upheld in   December 2004. Relying in particular on Article 6 § 3 (c) (right to a fair trial / right to legal assistance   of own choosing), Mr Kaya complained that he had been denied access to a lawyer during his police   custody.   Violation of Article 6 § 3 (c) in conjunction with Article 6 § 1 – on account of the lack of legal   assistance available to the applicant while in police custody   Just satisfaction: EUR 1,500 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 1,000 (costs and expenses)   This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court. Decisions,   judgments and further information about the Court can be found on www.echr.coe.int. To receive   the Court’s press releases, please subscribe here: www.echr.coe.int/RSS/en or follow us on Twitter   @ECHR_Press.   Press contacts   [email protected] | tel: +33 3 90 21 42 08   Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel: + 33 3 88 41 35 30)   Nina Salomon (tel: + 33 3 90 21 49 79)   Denis Lambert (tel: + 33 3 90 21 41 09)   Jean Conte (tel: + 33 3 90 21 58 77)   The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of Europe Member   States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.   4

© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 15.07.2026. · Źródło