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WyrokETPCz2016-12-08

Analiza orzeczenia

Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.

Zagadnienie prawne
Czy uniemożliwienie więźniowi ponownego zawarcia małżeństwa z powodu braku możliwości uzyskania zaświadczenia o rozwodzie, wynikające z przepisów krajowych i praktyki, stanowi naruszenie prawa do zawarcia małżeństwa z art. 12 Konwencji?
Ratio decidendi
Trybunał uznał, że choć prawo krajowe wymagało osobistego odbioru zaświadczenia o rozwodzie, a więźniowie nie mogli być eskortowani w tym celu, władze miały obowiązek zapewnić skarżącemu możliwość realizacji prawa do zawarcia małżeństwa. Brak możliwości uzyskania zaświadczenia o rozwodzie przez ponad trzy i pół roku, co uniemożliwiło zawarcie nowego małżeństwa, stanowiło nieproporcjonalne ograniczenie tego prawa, naruszając art. 12 Konwencji.
Stan faktyczny
Skarżący, Vladimir Chernetskiy, obywatel Ukrainy, został skazany na 15 lat więzienia w 2002 roku. W lutym 2005 roku jego małżeństwo zostało rozwiązane, ale nie mógł uzyskać zaświadczenia o rozwodzie, ponieważ prawo krajowe wymagało osobistego odbioru, a więźniowie nie byli eskortowani. W rezultacie nie mógł ponownie zawrzeć małżeństwa ze swoją nową partnerką od lutego 2005 do października 2008 roku, kiedy to zmiany w prawie umożliwiły mu uzyskanie zaświadczenia w więzieniu.
Rozstrzygnięcie
Stwierdza naruszenie art. 12 Konwencji. Zasądza 3000 EUR tytułem szkody niemajątkowej.

Pełny tekst orzeczenia

issued by the Registrar of the Court   ECHR 401 (2016)   08.12.2016   Judgments and decisions of 8 December 2016   The European Court of Human Rights has today notified in writing the following 11 judgments1 and   decisions2:   two Chamber judgments are summarised below; for one other, in the case of L.D. and   P.K. v. Bulgaria (applications nos. 7949/11 and 45522/13), a separate press release has been issued;   for three decisions, in the cases of Simić v. Bosnia and Herzegovina (no. 75255/10), Colonna   v. France (no 4213/13), and Zihni v. Turkey (no 59061/16), separate press releases have also been   issued;   eight Committee judgments, which concern issues which have already been submitted to the Court,   and the 73 other decisions, can be consulted on Hudoc and do not appear in this press release.   The judgments below are available only in English.   Chernetskiy v. Ukraine (application no. 44316/07)   The applicant, Vladimir Chernetskiy, is a national of Ukraine who was born in 1963. The case   concerned Mr Chernetskiy’s complaint that he had been prevented from remarrying while serving a   prison sentence.   Mr Chernetskiy was convicted and sentenced to 15 years’ imprisonment in 2002. While in prison, his   wife filed for a divorce. Their marriage was thus dissolved in February 2005 by the local civil status   registry. Although he received a notification about the divorce, he was not able to obtain the divorce   certificate because domestic law provided that the certificate had to be fetched in person but not   that prisoners could be escorted to the registry for such purposes.   As a result, Mr Chernetskiy could not marry his new partner from February 2005, when the divorce   came through, until October 2008 when he managed to obtain a divorce certificate in prison   following the introduction of certain amendments to the domestic legislation. During this period,   Mr Chernetskiy complained to the authorities about not being able to fetch his divorce certificate.   The authorities acknowledged Mr Chernetskiy’s concern but informed him that amendments to the   legislation were under way and that he could obtain his certificate on being released from prison.   Relying in particular on Article 12 (right to marry) of the European Convention on Human Rights,   Mr Chernetskiy complained about the authorities’ failure to register his new marriage for more than   three and a half years during his prison sentence.   Violation of Article 12 – concerning the period between February 2005 and October 2008   Just satisfaction: 3,000 euros (EUR) (non-pecuniary damage)   Under Articles 43 and 44 of the Convention, Chamber judgments are not final. During the three-month period following a Chamber   judgment’s delivery, any party may request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber of the Court. If such a request is made, a   panel of five judges considers whether the case deserves further examination. In that event, the Grand Chamber will hear the case and   deliver a final judgment. If the referral request is refused, the Chamber judgment will become final on that day. Under Article 28 of the   Convention, judgments delivered by a Committee are final.   Once a judgment becomes final, it is transmitted to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe for supervision of its execution.   Further information about the execution process can be found here: www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution   Inadmissibility and strike-out decisions are final.   Frida, LLC v. Ukraine (no. 24003/07)   The applicant company, Frida LLC, is a limited liability company which has been based in Kyiv since   2004. The case concerned the refusal of a court to review the applicant company’s appeal on points   of law.   Under an agreement concluded in April 2005, the applicant company undertook to provide   information and analytical services to another company, S.. According to the agreement, which was   appended to another one in November 2005, S. had to pay for the services provided by the applicant   company.   In April 2006 the applicant company filed a claim with the Kyiv Commercial Court, seeking recovery   of an alleged debt from S. as well as payment of penalties and other legal fees. S. submitted a   counterclaim in September 2006 with a request to declare the agreement void. The court granted   the counterclaim in part and dismissed the initial claim of the applicant company.   In October 2006 the applicant company submitted an appeal on points of law with the Higher   Commercial Court of Ukraine, but it was returned without consideration as the relevant court fee   had not been paid in full. The applicant company resubmitted its appeal in November 2006 with   proof of having paid the full court fee and with a request for an extension of the time-limit written   on a cover letter, given that by that point the relevant deadline had expired.   The court disregarded, however, the cover letter and found that the appeal on points of law was   inadmissible for failure to apply for an extension of the time-limit. This decision was ultimately   upheld in February 2007 by the Supreme Court.   Relying on Article 6 § 1 (right of access to a court) of the European Convention, the applicant   company complained that the refusal of the appellate commercial court to examine its appeal on   points of law had unduly restricted its right of access to a court.   Violation of Article 6 § 1 (access to court)   Just satisfaction: EUR 2,000 (non-pecuniary damage) and EUR 1,000 (costs and expenses)   This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court. Decisions,   judgments and further information about the Court can be found on www.echr.coe.int. To receive   the Court’s press releases, please subscribe here: www.echr.coe.int/RSS/en or follow us on Twitter   @ECHR_Press.   Press contacts   [email protected] | tel: +33 3 90 21 42 08   Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel: + 33 3 88 41 35 30)   Denis Lambert (tel: + 33 3 90 21 41 09)   Inci Ertekin (tel: + 33 3 90 21 55 30)   George Stafford (tel: + 33 3 90 21 41 71)   The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of Europe Member   States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.   2

© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 16.07.2026. · Źródło