003-7337024-10015817
WyrokETPCz2022-05-17
Analiza orzeczenia
Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.
Zagadnienie prawne
Czy władze Armenii naruszyły prawo skarżącej do ochrony przed nieludzkim lub poniżającym traktowaniem oraz zakaz dyskryminacji, nie chroniąc jej przed atakami homofobicznymi i nie prowadząc skutecznego śledztwa w sprawie tych incydentów?Ratio decidendi
Trybunał stwierdził naruszenie art. 3 Konwencji w związku z art. 14, co oznacza, że władze państwowe nie wywiązały się ze swoich pozytywnych obowiązków w zakresie ochrony skarżącej przed nieludzkim lub poniżającym traktowaniem, które było motywowane jej orientacją seksualną. Brak skutecznej reakcji na ataki homofobiczne i niewystarczające ramy prawne do zwalczania przestępstw z nienawiści wobec mniejszości LGBT przyczyniły się do tego naruszenia. Trybunał uznał, że incydenty, w tym podpalenie i groźby, stanowiły traktowanie poniżające, a ich homofobiczny charakter był kluczowy dla oceny dyskryminacji.Stan faktyczny
Armine Oganezova, obywatelka Armenii i znana członkini społeczności LGBT, była celem agresywnej kampanii homofobicznej. W maju 2012 roku jej bar w Erywaniu został podpalony, a atak ten był publicznie aprobowany przez czołowe postaci polityczne. Następnie skarżąca doświadczyła zastraszania, nękania, wandalizmu, gróźb śmierci i mowy nienawiści w internecie, co zmusiło ją do trwałego opuszczenia Armenii i ubiegania się o azyl w Szwecji. Dwóch sprawców podpalenia, członków grupy związanej z neonazistami, przyznało się do winy, twierdząc, że bar był miejscem spotkań osób LGBT, które przynosiły wstyd Armenii. Zostali skazani na dwa lata więzienia w zawieszeniu, a następnie objęci amnestią.Rozstrzygnięcie
Stwierdza naruszenie art. 3 w związku z art. 14 Konwencji. Zasądza zadośćuczynienie za szkodę niemajątkową oraz zwrot kosztów i wydatków.Pełny tekst orzeczenia
issued by the Registrar of the Court
ECHR 158 (2022)
17.05.2022
Judgments of 17 May 2022
The European Court of Human Rights has today given notification in writing of ten judgments1:
two Chamber judgments are summarised below;
a separate press release has been issued for one Committee judgment in the case of Simić v. Bosnia
and Herzegovina (application no. 39764/20);
the remaining seven Committee judgments, concerning issues which have already been examined by
the Court, can be consulted on Hudoc and do not appear in this press release.
The judgment in French below is indicated with an asterisk (*).
Oganezova v. Armenia (applications nos. 71367/12 and 72961/12)
The applicant, Armine Oganezova, is an Armenian national who was born in 1980 and lives in Nacka,
(Sweden).
The case concerns an aggressive homophobic campaign against the applicant, a well-known member
of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community in Armenia, including an arson
attack in May 2012 on the bar she co-owned and ran in Yerevan.
In the weeks following the arson attack, which was publicly condoned by leading political figures,
groups of people gathered outside the bar to intimidate and harass the applicant and vandalised
what was left inside. She was also subjected to death threats and abuse, including online hate
speech, leading her to permanently leave Armenia and request asylum in Sweden.
Two brothers, members of “Black Ravens Armenia”, which is associated with a neo-Nazi group, were
arrested shortly after the arson attack and admitted that they had set the bar on fire because it was
“a gathering place for LGBT persons who brought shame on Armenia”. They were found guilty in July of intentional damage to property and given a two-year suspended prison sentence. They were
subsequently given an amnesty.
Relying on Articles 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment), 8 (right to respect for private
and family life and home) and 14 (prohibition of discrimination) of the European Convention on
Human Rights, Ms Oganezova complains that the authorities failed to protect her from harassment,
attacks and threats because of her sexual orientation and to effectively investigate her complaints.
She also complains, under the same provisions, of the lack of an adequate legislative framework to
combat hate crimes directed against the LGBT minority in Armenia.
She also requests, under Article 46 (binding force and implementation) of the European Convention,
that the Court order the Armenian Government to amend sentencing legislation to include
homophobia as an aggravating factor and to protect sexual orientation.
Under Articles 43 and 44 of the Convention, Chamber judgments are not final. During the three-month period following a Chamber
judgment’s delivery, any party may request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber of the Court. If such a request is made, a
panel of five judges considers whether the case deserves further examination. In that event, the Grand Chamber will hear the case and
deliver a final judgment. If the referral request is refused, the Chamber judgment will become final on that day. Under Article 28 of the
Convention, judgments delivered by a Committee are final.
Once a judgment becomes final, it is transmitted to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe for supervision of its execution.
Further information about the execution process can be found here: www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution
Violation of Article 3 taken in conjunction with Article 14
Just satisfaction:
non-pecuniary damage: 12,000 euros (EUR)
costs and expenses: EUR 4,500
Ali Reza v. Bulgaria (no. 35422/16)*
The applicant, Hamid Ali Reza, is an Iraqi national who was born in 1973. He arrived in Bulgaria in and was granted subsidiary protection (“humanitarian status”) on account of the war situation
in Iraq. He was issued with a residence permit in 2003.
The case concerns an expulsion order issued against Mr Ali Reza in 2015 on the grounds of national
security, and whether the remedies available to him under domestic law were effective. It also
concerns the applicant’s administrative detention with a view to his expulsion (between June 2015
and January 2016) and the time taken to examine his appeal against that detention.
Mr Ali Reza, who currently lives in Sofia, married his Bulgarian partner in December 2017. Since
January 2016, he has been subject to administrative supervision and must report to a police station
once a week.
Before the European Court, he relies on Articles 3 (prohibition of torture, inhuman or degrading
treatment), 5 (right to liberty and security), 8 (right to respect for private and family life) and 13
(right to an effective remedy) of the Convention.
Violation of Article 5 § 1
Just satisfaction:
non-pecuniary damage: EUR 3,500
no request made in respect of cost and expenses
This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court. Decisions,
judgments and further information about the Court can be found on www.echr.coe.int. To receive
the Court’s press releases, please subscribe here: www.echr.coe.int/RSS/en or follow us on Twitter
@ECHR_CEDH.
Press contacts
[email protected] | tel.: +33 3 90 21 42 08
We would encourage journalists to send their enquiries via email.
Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 35 30)
Denis Lambert (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 41 09)
Inci Ertekin (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 55 30)
Neil Connolly (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 48 05)
Jane Swift (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 29 04)
The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of Europe member
States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.
2
© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 13.07.2026. · Źródło