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WyrokETPCz2022-12-14
Analiza orzeczenia
Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.
Zagadnienie prawne
Czy skazanie za podżeganie do dyskryminacji i nienawiści religijnej narusza wolność wyrażania opinii (art. 10)? Czy odmowa uchylenia immunitetu parlamentarnego narusza prawo dostępu do sądu (art. 6 ust. 1)? Czy władze państwowe należycie oceniły ryzyko powrotu wnioskodawcy o azyl i zapewniły skuteczny środek odwoławczy (art. 3 i 13)? Czy zróżnicowany wiek emerytalny dla kobiet i mężczyzn w służbie cywilnej stanowi dyskryminację (art. 1 Protokołu nr 12, art. 14 w zw. z art. 8)?Stan faktyczny
W sprawie Zemmour v. France, skarżący, dziennikarz i komentator polityczny, został skazany za podżeganie do dyskryminacji i nienawiści religijnej wobec francuskiej społeczności muzułmańskiej. W sprawie Bakoyanni v. Greece, skarżąca, posłanka do parlamentu, złożyła skargę karną przeciwko ministrowi obrony za zniesławienie, ale parlament odmówił uchylenia jego immunitetu. W sprawie S.H. v. Malta, skarżący, dziennikarz z Bangladeszu ubiegający się o ochronę międzynarodową, skarży się na niewłaściwą ocenę jego wniosku azylowego i ryzyka powrotu. W sprawie Moraru and Marin v. Romania, skarżące, urzędniczki państwowe, zostały zmuszone do przejścia na emeryturę w niższym wieku niż mężczyźni, a ich próby kontynuowania pracy były bezskuteczne.Pełny tekst orzeczenia
issued by the Registrar of the Court
ECHR 385 (2022) 14.12.2022
Forthcoming judgments and decisions
The European Court of Human Rights will be notifying in writing seven judgments and / or decisions on Tuesday 20 December 2022.
Press releases and texts of the judgments and decisions will be available at 10 a.m. (local time) on the Court's Internet site (www.echr.coe.int)
Tuesday 20 December 2022
Zemmour v. France (application no. 63539/19) The applicant, Eric Zemmour, is a French national who was born in 1958 and lives in Paris. A well-known journalist and political commentator, he published several books of political analysis before launching a political career in 2021. The case concerns, under Article 10 (freedom of expression) of the European Convention on Human Rights, the applicant's conviction for incitement to discrimination and religious hatred against the French Muslim community, on account of remarks made during a television programme in 2016. The applicant submits that his conviction for incitement to racial hatred and discrimination breached Article 10 of the European Convention.
Bakoyanni v. Greece (no. 31012/19) The applicant, Theodora Bakoyanni, is a Greek national who was born in 1954 and lives in Athens. She is a member of the Greek Parliament. The case concerns the applicant's complaint that it had not been possible to take action on a 2018 criminal complaint against the then Minister of Defence for defamation because the Greek Parliament refused to lift his immunity. She lodged a complaint against the Minister after he had posted a tweet criticising her attending the inauguration ceremony of the Turkish President. Relying on Article 6 � 1 (access to court) of the Convention, Ms Bakoyanni complains that the refusal of the Greek Parliament to lift the immunity of the Minister breached her right of access to court, submitting that only a judgment by a criminal court could remedy the tweet's damage to her reputation.
S.H. v. Malta (no. 37241/21) The applicant, Mr S.H., is a Bangladeshi national who was born in 1999 and lives in Msida (Malta). Mr S.H. arrived in Malta by boat in September 2019 and was immediately placed in detention. He lodged an application for international protection, submitting that he was a journalist in Bangladesh, who had been persecuted after he reported on electoral irregularities in the 2018 elections. The case concerns the procedure leading to the refusal of his asylum requests. His removal to Bangladesh was stayed in August 2021 when the European Court of Human Rights issued an urgent interim measure (under Rule 39 of its Rules of Court) to the Government of Malta. Relying on Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment) of the European Convention, Mr S.H. complains that the Maltese authorities failed to properly assess his claims, in particular, the risks that he, as a journalist, would face upon being returned to Bangladesh.
He also alleges under Article 13 (right to an effective remedy), taken in conjunction with Article 3, that the asylum procedure was deficient, in particular with regard to his access to legal counsel, delays and a failure to examine the merits of his case.
Moraru and Marin v. Romania (nos. 53282/18 and 31428/20)
The case concerns the compulsory retirement age for women civil servants in Romania, lower than that set for men, and an allegation of discrimination.
The applicants, Liliana Moraru and Doina Marin, are Romanian nationals who were born in 1956 and 1958 and live in Focani (Romania) and Bucharest respectively. They are retired civil servants. Ms Moraru worked in the Galai branch of the National Agency for Fiscal Administration, while Ms Marin was head of service in the Ministry of Business, Commerce and Entrepreneurship.
In 2016 and 2019, respectively, both women asked to be allowed to continue to work until 65, the retirement age for men. Their employers refused and their challenges in court were ultimately unsuccessful.
Relying on Article 1 of Protocol No. 12 (general prohibition of discrimination) to the Convention, the applicants complain that forcing them to retire before men amounted to discrimination. Ms Marin also relies on Article 14 (prohibition of discrimination) taken together with Article 8 (right to respect for private and family life).
The Court will give its rulings in writing on the following cases, some of which concern issues which have already been submitted to the Court, including excessive length of proceedings.
These rulings can be consulted from the day of their delivery on the Court's online database HUDOC.
They will not appear in the press release issued on that day.
Tuesday 20 December 2022
Name Ghioiu v. Romania S.L. v. Romania Svirgunets v. Ukraine
Main application number 40228/20 52693/12 38262/10
This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court. Decisions, judgments and further information about the Court can be found on www.echr.coe.int. To receive the Court's press releases, please subscribe here: www.echr.coe.int/RSS/en or follow us on Twitter @ECHR_CEDH.
Press contacts [email protected] | tel.: +33 3 90 21 42 08
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Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 35 30) Denis Lambert (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 41 09) Inci Ertekin (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 55 30) Neil Connolly (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 48 05) Jane Swift (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 29 04)
The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of Europe member States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.
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© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 15.07.2026. · Źródło