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WyrokETPCz2025-07-16

Analiza orzeczenia

Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.

Zagadnienie prawne
Czy skazania oparte wyłącznie na używaniu aplikacji ByLock, uznanej przez sądy tureckie za narzędzie organizacji terrorystycznej, stanowią arbitralną i ekstensywną interpretację prawa karnego, naruszającą art. 7 Konwencji, oraz czy postępowanie karne w tej kwestii naruszyło prawo do rzetelnego procesu z art. 6 ust. 1 Konwencji?
Stan faktyczny
239 obywateli Turcji zostało skazanych za członkostwo w organizacji terrorystycznej FETÖ/PDY, którą władze tureckie uznały za odpowiedzialną za próbę zamachu stanu w 2016 roku. Podstawą skazań było rzekome używanie szyfrowanej aplikacji komunikacyjnej „ByLock”, którą sądy tureckie uznały za przeznaczoną wyłącznie dla członków tej organizacji. Skarżący twierdzą, że taka interpretacja prawa jest zbyt szeroka i arbitralna.

Pełny tekst orzeczenia

issued by the Registrar of the Court ECHR 181 (2025) 16.07.2025 Forthcoming judgments and decisions The European Court of Human Rights will be notifying in writing three judgments on Tuesday 22 July 2025 and one judgment on Thursday 24 July 2025. Press releases and texts of the judgments and decisions will be available at 10 a.m. (local time) on the Court's Internet site (www.echr.coe.int). Tuesday 22 July 2025 Demirhan and Others v. T�rkiye (application no. 1595/20 and 238 other applications) The applicants are 239 Turkish nationals. The case concerns the applicants' convictions for membership of an armed terrorist organisation described by the Turkish authorities as the "Fetullahist Terror Organisation / Parallel State Structure" (Fetullah�i Ter�r �rg�t� / Paralel Devlet Yapilanmasi, referred to as "the FET�/PDY"). The authorities consider FET�/PDY to be behind the coup attempt that took place in T�rkiye on 15 July 2016. The 239 applications making up this case are part of the thousands of applications on the Court's docket that concern issues similar to those judged in the Court's Grand Chamber case Y�ksel Yal�inkaya v. T�rkiye (application no. 15669/20). Relying in particular on Article 7 (no punishment without law) of the European Convention on Human Rights, the applicants complain that their convictions were based on their alleged use of the encrypted messaging application called "ByLock", which the Turkish courts held had been designed for the exclusive use of FET�/PDY members under the guise of a global application. That meant that anyone who had used Bylock could, in principle, be convicted on that basis alone of membership of an armed terrorist organisation, which, according to the applicants, constitutes an extensive and arbitrary interpretation of the relevant laws. Also relying on Article 6 � 1 (right to a fair trial) of the European Convention, they complain of shortcomings in the criminal proceedings against them with regard to the decisive evidence in question and their inability to effectively challenge it. Bradshaw and Others v. the United Kingdom (no. 15653/22) The applicants, Ben Bradshaw, Caroline Lucas and Alyn Smith, are three British nationals who were born in 1960, 1960 and 1973, respectively, and who live in London. They were elected as Members of Parliament in the general election held on 12 December 2019. The case concerns the Government's response to a report of the Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament into alleged interference by Russia in the United Kingdom's democratic processes. Relying on Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 (right to free elections) to the European Convention, the applicants allege that the UK failed to fulfil its duty ("positive obligation") to investigate hostile State interference in its democratic elections, and that it did not put in place an effective legal and institutional framework in order to protect against the risk of such interference. Thursday 24 July 2025 Coulibaly v. Belgium (no. 42975/19) The applicant, Cheick Oumar Coulibaly, is a national of C�te d'Ivoire who was born in 1979 and lives in Abidjan (C�te d'Ivoire). Having arrived in Belgium in 2007, the applicant applied unsuccessfully for asylum on several occasions. Between 2007 and 2019 he was issued with several expulsion orders but refused to comply. The authorities placed him in administrative detention on 13 March 2019 pending his repatriation. After several unsuccessful attempts, caused by the applicant's refusal to board the plane, Mr Coulibaly was returned to C�te d'Ivoire on 26 May 2019. In the meantime, his appeal, contesting the validity of his administrative detention, had been dismissed in April 2019 by the chambre de conseil, which held that his administrative detention had been legally justified and ordered his continued detention. That decision was upheld by the Indictments Division in May 2019. On 5 June 2019 the Court of Cassation dismissed an appeal lodged by the applicant on points of law, finding that it had become "devoid of purpose". The case concerns the applicant's allegation that he did not obtain a final judicial decision on the lawfulness of his administrative detention prior to his repatriation. In this connection, he relies on Article 5 (right to liberty and security) of the Convention. The Court will give its rulings in writing on the following cases, some of which concern issues which have already been submitted to the Court, including excessive length of proceedings. These rulings can be consulted from the day of their delivery on the Court's online database HUDOC. They will not appear in the press release issued on that day. Tuesday 22 July 2025 Name Bank Saderat Iran v. Greece Main application number 31687/15 This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court. Decisions, judgments and further information about the Court can be found on www.echr.coe.int. To receive the Court's press releases, please subscribe here: www.echr.coe.int/RSS/en or follow us on X (Twitter) @ECHR_CEDH and Bluesky @echr.coe.int. Press contacts [email protected] | tel.: +33 3 90 21 42 08 We are happy to receive journalists' enquiries via either email or telephone. Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 35 30) Denis Lambert (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 41 09) Inci Ertekin (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 55 30) Neil Connolly (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 48 05) Jane Swift (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 29 04) The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of Europe member States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights. 3

© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 13.07.2026. · Źródło