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issued by the Registrar of the Court   ECHR 276 (2025)   27.11.2025   Judgments and decisions of 27 November 2025   The European Court of Human Rights has today notified in writing 20 judgments1 and 35 decisions2:   one Chamber judgment is summarised below;   separate press releases have been issued for two other Chamber judgments in the cases of Europa   Way S.r.l. v. Italy (application no. 64356/19) and Vujović and Lipa D.O.O. v. Montenegro (no. 2)   (no. 43050/22);   Committee judgments, concerning issues which have already been examined by the Court, and the   decisions, can be consulted on Hudoc and do not appear in this press release.   The judgment below is only available in French.   Renouard v. France (application no. 46911/21)   The applicant, Pascal Renouard, is a French national who was born in 1961 and lives in Paris.   The case concerns the application of State immunity from jurisdiction in the context of a dispute   between Mr Renouard and the United Arab Emirates concerning the payment of the fees due in   remuneration for his role as intermediary in the project to create the Sorbonne Abu Dhabi University.   Relying on Article 6 § 1 (right of access to a court) of the European Convention on Human Rights,   Mr Renouard complains about the application of State immunity to the United Arab Emirates in the   context of his dispute with authorities of that State.   No violation of Article 6 § 1   This press release is a document produced by the Registry. It does not bind the Court. Decisions,   judgments and further information about the Court can be found on www.echr.coe.int.   Follow the Court on Bluesky @echr.coe.int, X ECHR_CEDH, LinkedIn, and YouTube.   Contact ECHRPress to subscribe to the press-release mailing list.   Where can the Court’s press releases be found? HUDOC - Press collection   Press contacts   [email protected]e.int | tel.: +33 3 90 21 42 08   We are happy to receive journalists’ enquiries via either email or telephone.   Tracey Turner-Tretz (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 35 30)   Denis Lambert (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 41 09)   Inci Ertekin (tel.: + 33 3 90 21 55 30)   Under Articles 43 and 44 of the Convention, Chamber judgments are not final. During the three-month period following a Chamber   judgment’s delivery, any party may request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber of the Court. If such a request is made, a panel   of five judges considers whether the case deserves further examination. In that event, the Grand Chamber will hear the case and deliver a   final judgment. If the referral request is refused, the Chamber judgment will become final on that day. Under Article 28 of the Convention,   judgments delivered by a Committee are final.   Once a judgment becomes final, it is transmitted to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe for supervision of its execution.   Further information about the execution process can be found here: www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution   Inadmissibility and strike-out decisions are final.   Jane Swift (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 29 04)   Claire Windsor (tel.: + 33 3 88 41 24 01)   The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of Europe member   States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.   2