21763/14;42819/14;64339/14;5818/15;30197/15

FOURTH SECTION             CASE OF SZEKERES AND OTHERS v. HUNGARY   (Application no. 21763/14 and 4 others - see appended list)                             JUDGMENT         STRASBOURG   7 March 2019       This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Szekeres and Others v. Hungary, The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:  Georges Ravarani, President,  Marko Bošnjak,  Péter Paczolay, judges, and Liv Tigerstedt Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 14 February 2019, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.  The case originated in applications against Hungary lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.  Notice of the applications was given to the Hungarian Government (“the Government”). THE FACTS 3.  The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.  The applicants complained of the excessive length of their pre-trial detention. The applicants in application nos. 5818/15 and 30197/15 also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW I.  JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.  Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. II.  ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 5 § 3 OF THE CONVENTION 6.  The applicants complained principally that their pre-trial detention had been unreasonably long. They relied on Article 5 § 3 of the Convention, which reads as follows: Article 5 § 3 “Everyone arrested or detained in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 (c) of this Article shall be ... entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to release pending trial. Release may be conditioned by guarantees to appear for trial.” 7.  The Court observes that the general principles regarding the right to trial within a reasonable time or to release pending trial, as guaranteed by Article 5 § 3 of the Convention, have been stated in a number of its previous judgments (see, among many other authorities, Kudła v. Poland [GC], no. 30210/96, § 110, ECHR 2000‑XI, and McKay v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 543/03, §§ 41-44, ECHR 2006‑X, with further references). 8.  In the leading case of Gál v. Hungary, no. 62631/11, 11 March 2014, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 9.  Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the length of the applicants’ pre-trial detention was excessive. 10.  These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 5 § 3 of the Convention. III.  OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 11.  In application nos. 5818/15 and 30197/15, the applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its findings in Bandur v. Hungary (no. 50130/12, § 84, 5 July 2016), as regards application no. 5818/15, and Khoroshenko v. Russia ([GC], no. 41418/04, §§ 148-49, ECHR 2015) and Andrey Smirnov v. Russia (no. 43149/10, § 57, 13 February 2018), as regards application no. 30197/15. IV.  APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 12.  Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 13.  Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see, in particular, Gál v. Hungary, no. 62631/11, 11 March 2014), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 14.  The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, 1.  Decides to join the applications;   2.  Declares the applications admissible;   3.  Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article 5 § 3 of the Convention concerning the excessive length of pre-trial detention;   4.  Holds that application no. 5818/15 discloses a breach of Article 5 § 4 of the Convention concerning the deficiencies in proceedings for review of the lawfulness of detention;   5.  Holds that application no. 30197/15 discloses a breach of Article 8 of the Convention concerning the protracted restriction on prison visits;   6.  Holds (a)  that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)  that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 7 March 2019, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.  Liv Tigerstedt Georges Ravarani Acting Deputy Registrar President APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 5 § 3 of the Convention (excessive length of pre-trial detention) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Date of birth   Representative’s name and location Period of detention Length of detention House arrest Start and end date Other complaints under well-established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros)[1]     21763/14 03/03/2014 István Szekeres 21/10/1977 Bodó Kristóf Budapest 28/09/2011 to 04/09/2013 1 year(s) and 11 month(s) and 8 day(s)         2,600     42819/14 03/06/2014 Viktor Miklós Kosztadinovszki 13/05/1979     04/06/2012 to 05/12/2013 1 year(s) and 6 month(s) and 2 day(s)         2,200     64339/14 19/09/2014 Ilona Molnárné Lőwy 02/11/1961     27/06/2012 to 19/03/2014 1 year(s) and 8 month(s) and 21 day(s)         2,500     5818/15 24/01/2015 László Kóté 31/03/1971 Fazekas Tamás Budapest 13/02/2009 to 16/02/2012       16/01/2014 to 09/12/2014 3 year(s) and 4 day(s)       10 month(s) and 24 day(s)   17/02/2012 to 06/11/2012 (date of 1st instance conviction);   09/12/2014 to 25/06/2015 Art. 5 (4) - deficiencies in proceedings for review of the lawfulness of detention - Defence was repeatedly not notified of the upcoming reviews of the coercive measures and the courts did not serve the prosecution’s motions on the defence in due time before sessions concerning his potential release.       5,300     30197/15 15/06/2015 Gyula Péntek 13/12/1977 Kadlót Erzsébet Budapest 26/07/2013 to 01/03/2016 2 year(s) and 7 month(s) and 5 day(s)     Art. 8 (1) - lack of practical opportunities for or restriction on prison visits - During the pre-trial detention, the applicant was barred from receiving visits from his minor children for a period of about 28 months. According to the Court’s well-established case-law in this field, this amounts to a violation of Article 8 of the Convention (see, mutatis mutandis, Khoroshenko v. Russia [GC], no. 41418/04, §§ 148-49, ECHR 2015, and Andrey Smirnov v. Russia, no. 43149/10, § 57, 13 February 2018). 4,700   [1].  Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.