Legal AI22684/05
WyrokETPCz2009-04-02ECLI:CE:ECHR:2009:0402JUD002268405
Analiza orzeczenia
Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.
Zagadnienie prawne
Czy pobicie skarżącej przez funkcjonariusza policji podczas demonstracji, skutkujące trwałą utratą wzroku, stanowiło nieludzkie i poniżające traktowanie w rozumieniu art. 3 Konwencji, oraz czy krajowe władze przeprowadziły skuteczne dochodzenie w tej sprawie?Ratio decidendi
Trybunał uznał, że skarżąca przedstawiła wystarczająco mocne dowody prima facie na złe traktowanie przez policję, przenosząc ciężar dowodu na rząd. Rząd nie przedstawił przekonującego wyjaśnienia przyczyn obrażeń skarżącej, a dowody (w tym zeznania świadków i raporty medyczne) wskazywały na użycie nadmiernej i nieuzasadnionej siły przez policję. Ponadto, Trybunał stwierdził, że krajowe dochodzenie było nieskuteczne, charakteryzowało się opóźnieniami, brakiem dostępu skarżącej do informacji, niewystarczającym przesłuchaniem kluczowych świadków i brakiem koordynacji między postępowaniami, co uniemożliwiło identyfikację i ukaranie odpowiedzialnych.Stan faktyczny
Skarżąca, Mahira Muradova, uczestniczyła w protestach po wyborach prezydenckich w Baku 16 października 2003 r. Twierdziła, że została uderzona pałką przez policjanta, co spowodowało poważne obrażenia prawego oka i trwałą ślepotę. Władze krajowe wszczęły dochodzenie karne, które zostało umorzone, oraz postępowanie cywilne o odszkodowanie, które również zakończyło się niepowodzeniem, ponieważ sądy krajowe uznały, że skarżąca nie udowodniła swoich zarzutów.Rozstrzygnięcie
Trybunał jednogłośnie: 1. Uznaje skargę za dopuszczalną. 2. Stwierdza naruszenie art. 3 Konwencji zarówno w aspekcie materialnym, jak i proceduralnym. 3. Stwierdza, że nie ma potrzeby odrębnego rozpatrywania skarg na podstawie art. 6 i 13 Konwencji. 4. Zasądza skarżącej 25 000 EUR tytułem zadośćuczynienia za szkody niemajątkowe, powiększone o odsetki. 5. Oddala pozostałą część roszczenia skarżącej o słuszne zadośćuczynienie.Pełny tekst orzeczenia
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
CASE OF MURADOVA v. AZERBAIJAN
128
pirveli seqcia
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
(ganacxadi #22684/05)
gadawyvetileba strasburgi
2009 wlis 2 aprili saboloo versia
02/07/2009
gadawyvetileba SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros redaqciul gadasinjvas.
saqmeze muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos (pirveli seqcia) palatam Semdegi SemadgenlobiT: qristos rozakisi, Tavmjdomare, nina vajiCi, anatoli kovleri, xanlar hajievi, din Spilmani, jorjio malinverni, jorj nikolao, mosamarTleebi da soren nielseni, seqciis registratori, moiTaTbira daxurul kars miRma 2009 wlis 12 marts, daxurul sxdomaze, gamoitana Semdegi gadawyvetileba:
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
procedura
1. saqmes safuZvlad daedo ganacxadi (# 22684/05), romelic azerbaijanis moqalaqem, qalbatonma mahira sadradin qizi muradovam (Mahir Sdrddin qizi Muradova - "ganmcxadebeli") 2005 wlis 7 ivniss Seitana sasamarTloSi, adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciis (`konvencia~) 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad.
2. ganmcxadebels warmoadgenda batoni i. aSurovi, advokati baqodan, azerbaijanis mTavrobas ("mTavroba") ki _ saxelmwifos warmomadgeneli batoni c. asgarovi.
3. ganmcxadebeli Cioda, rom igi gaxda policiis sisastikis msxverpli da saxelmwifo organoebma es faqti saTanadod ar gamoiZies.
4. pirveli seqciis Tavmjdomarem 2006 wlis 2 oqtombers gadawyvita, mTavrobisTvis ecnobebina aRniSnuli ganacxadis Sesaxeb. amave dros gadawyda, rom saqmis arsebiTi mxareebi dasaSvebobis sakiTxTan erTad ganexilaT (29-e muxlis me-3 punqti).
faqtebi
1. saqmis garemoebebi
5. ganmcxadebeli daibada 1949 wels da cxovrobs qalaq baqoSi.
A. 2003 wlis 15 da 16 oqtombers ganviTarebuli movlenebi
6. 2003 wlis 15 oqtombers azerbaijanSi Catarda saprezidento arCevnebi. opoziciis partiis musavatis (Musavat Party) kandidati arCevnebSi damarcxda.
7. arCevnebis dRes, saRamos, opoziciis momxreebma Tavi moiyares baqos centrSi mdebare partia musavatis Stabis win da arCevnebis Sedegebs aprotestebdnen. amas mohyva dapirispireba opoziciis momxreebsa da usafrTxoebis samsaxurs Soris.
8. 16 oqtombers, daaxloebiT 14:00 saaTisTvis, opoziciis momxreebma Sekreba daiwyes xaliCis saxelmwifo muzeumis win, baqos centrSi, arCevnebis Sedegebis gasaprotesteblad. Semdgom brbom gadaadgileba daiwyo qalaqis mTavari moednis, azadliqisaken. wyaroebis Tanaxmad, ramdenime adamianma gzad manqanebis, Senobebis, ezos skamebisa da sxva urbanuli konstruqciebis dazianeba daiwyo. erT-erTi mxaris informaciiT, arasanqcirebuli demonstraciis organizatorebi da opoziciur partiaTa zogierTi lideri aqciaSi monawileebs Zaladobisaken mouwodebdnen.
9. azadliqis moedanze ganlagebul policielebs ramdenime demons-
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
tranti Tavs daesxa. am incidentidan maleve moedanze didi raodenobiT gadasxes meamboxeTa policiisa da samxedro Zalebi, aRWurvili CafxutebiT, farebiTa da xelketebiT. situacia myisve gadaizarda samoqalaqo areulobaSi da Zalismieri Setakeba moxda brbosa da policias Soris.
10. demonstracia daSales, daaxloebiT, 18:00 saaTisaTvis. 16 oqtombers da Semdgom dReebSi asobiT adamiani daakaves.
11. ganmcxadebeli demonstraciis daSlisas azadliqis moedanze imyofeboda da marjvena Tvali seriozulad dauzianda. mxareebi ver Tanxmdebian imaze, zustad ra SeemTxva im dRes ganmcxadebels.
1. faqtebis ganmcxadebliseuli versia
12. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, azadliqis moedanze ganlagebuli policielebi da samxedro Zalebi raodenobiT bevrad aRematebodnen demonstrantebs. policiisa da samxedro Zalebma moulodnelad Seuties demonstrantebs, daSlisaken winaswari mowodebisa Tu sxva saxis gafrTxilebis gareSe. maT gamoiyenes gadametebuli Zala da xelketebiT scemdnen nebismiers, vinc gzad gadaawydebodaT. policiis sisastikis Sedegad, daSavda ramdenime da daiRupa, sul cota, erTi adamiani.
13. policiisa da samxedro Zalebis mier operaciis dawyebam xalxSi panika gamoiwvia, maT moednidan gaqceva scades. ganmcxadebelmac gaqceva scada, magram brboSi viRacam uknidan xeli hkra da Zirs davarda. man Tavi wamowia da fexebTan dainaxa ramdenime Cafxutiani policieli. ganmcxadebelma policielebs xeli gauwoda da adgomaSi daxmareba sTxova. am dros erT-erTma policielma Zlierad Caartya xelketi marjvena Tvalis areSi. ganmcxadebelma marjvena TvalSi myisierad dakarga mxedveloba. policielma scada meore TvalSic Caertya, magram ganmcxadebelma moaxerxa moqneuli xelketisTvis Tavis arideba.
14. ramdenime ucnobma pirma igi yvelaze axlos mdebare #259-e afTiaqSi waiyvana. afTiaqis TanamSromlebi cdilobdnen, pirveladi samedicino daxmareba aRmoeCinaT sxva daSavebulebisTvis, romlebic ukve iq imyofebodnen.
15. raRac momentSi ramdenime samxedro mosamsaxurem afTiaqSi SeRweva scada, rogorc irkveoda, iq myof xalxze Tavdasxmis mizniT, magram maT amaSi xeli SeuSales vinme I.G.-m da afTiaqis TanamSromlebma. cota mogvianebiT, ganmcxadebeli da 4 sxva dazaralebuli saswrafo daxmarebis manqaniT gadaiyvanes saswrafo samedicino daxmarebis klinikaSi.
2. faqtebis mTavrobiseuli versia
16. mTavrobis mtkicebiT, areulobsas daSavda ocze meti mSvidobiani moqalaqe da seriozulad dazianda sxvadasxva sajaro Tu kerZo qoneba.
17. Tumca, mTavroba ar eTanxmeba ganmcxadeblis versias misTvis zianis miyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. mTavrobam moixmo Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi organoebis mier Catarebuli gamoZiebis Sedegebi (ix. qvemoT Tavebi B da C) da ganacxada, rom ganmcxadebelma dazianeba miiRo ara policielisagan, aramed basr saganze davardnis Sedegad.
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
B. ganmcxadeblisTvis aRmoCenili pirveladi samedicino daxmareba
18. 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers ganmcxadebeli gadaiyvanes saswrafo samedicino daxmarebis klinikaSi. samedicino istoriis Tanaxmad, mas daudginda "hemofTalmia (sisxlCaqceva TvalbudeSi) da marjvena Tvalis daxuruli travma; marjvena quTuTos sisxlnaJRenTi Wriloba". samedicino CanawerSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom "ganmcxadebeli daSavda 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers, qalaqSi momxdari cnobili movlenebisas".
19. pirveladi samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenis Semdeg, 17 oqtombers, ganmcxadebeli gadaiyvanes Tvalis daavadebaTa institutSi, ofTalmologiis specialur klinikaSi. miyvanisas mas daesva diagnozi: "marjvena Tvalis skleris Zlieri perforacia... hifema [sisxlCaqceva Tvalis kaklis kameraSi], hemofTalmia, quTuToze nakeri Wriloba". ganmcxadebelma eqimebs uTxra, rom dazianeba miiRo policielis mier xelketis dartymis Sedegad.
20. 2003 wlis 17 oqtombers ganmcxadebels Cautarda saswrafo operacia. operaciis miuxedavad, man samudamod dakarga mxedveloba marjvena TvalSi.
21. 2003 wlis 4 noembers ganmcxadebeli saavadmyofodan gaweres. misi mtkicebiT, ramdenime kviris Semdeg marcxena TvalSi mxedvelobis swrafi gauareseba daewyo.
C. sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba
1. sarCeli da ganmcxadeblis dakiTxva
22. 2004 wlis 24 Tebervals ganmcxadebelma mTavar prokuraturas mimarTa sisxlis samarTlis sarCeliT, romelSic iTxovda masze moZalade policielis identifikaciasa da dasjas. man aseve daayena Suamdgomloba, rom misTvis mieniWebinaT "dazaralebulis" statusi (zrr �kmi xs) (Suamdgomlobis dayenebis TariRi dauzustebelia).
23. am droisaTvis mTavar prokuraturas ukve aRZruli hqonda sisxlis samarTlis saqme 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darRvevis faqtebze. aRmoCnda, rom es sisxlis samarTlis saqme exeboda sazogadoebrivi wesrigis winaaRmdeg mimarTul, savaraudod, demonstrantTa danaSaulebs da ar moicavda policielTa arc erT savaraudo darRvevas am movlenebisas. ganmcxadeblis saCivarze axali sisxlis samarTlis saqme ar aRZrula da misi werili daurTes zemoxsenebul sisxlis samarTlis saqmes.
24. 2004 wlis 13 da 16 marts ganmcxadebeli mowmis (da ara "dazaralebulis") statusiT dakiTxa gamomZiebelma. ganmcxadeblis Cvenebis Tanaxmad, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers igi gavida zRvispira parkSi (romelic esazRvreba rogorc xaliCis saxelmwifo muzeumis, aseve azadliqis moednis mimdebare gzas) da skamze Camojda gazeTis wasakiTxad. daaxloebiT 2-is naxevrisTvis man parkSi dainaxa 200-mde adamiani, romlebic lozungebis SeZaxilebiT arCevnebis Sedegebs aprotestebdnen. igi am jgufs SeuerTda, radgan TviTonac ukmayofilo iyo arCevnebis SedegebiT. jgufs miuZRodnen jer xaliCis saxelmwifo muzeumis, iqidan ki azadliqis moednis mimarTulebiT.
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
brbodan daaxloebiT 15-20 adamiani gzad yvelafers anadgurebda, zogierTi muzeumTan ganlagebul policielebs daesxa Tavs. ganmcxadebeli da bevri sxva adamiani zemoxsenebuli jgufidan axalgazrdebs msgavsi qmedebebisTvis kicxavdnen. rodesac igi miuaxlovda azadliqis moedans, naxa, rom iq met adamians moeyara Tavi, iyvnen opoziciis liderebic. man aseve dainaxa, rom moednis erT kuTxeSi ikribebodnen meamboxeTa policiisa da samxedro mosamsaxureebi. mas ar gaugonia policielTa da samxedro pirTa mxridan arc erTi mowodeba Sekrebili xalxis misamarTiT, rom daSliliyvnen da moedani daetovebinaT. moulodnelad brbosa da policias Soris Setakeba daiwyo. demonstrantebi policielebs qvebs, xis naWrebsa da metalis nivTebs esrodnen, maT ki demonstrantebs rezinis xelketebiT cema dauwyes. policielebma upiratesoba moipoves, xalxi panikaSi Cavarda da daiqsaqsa.
25. ganmcxadebeli agrZelebs:
"...Sin wasvla mindoda. xeebs Soris mivdiodi [azadliqis moednis erT-erT kuTxeSi], rodesac Cems ukan morbenali adamianebi damejaxnen da miwaze davvardi... iqve mdgom policiels, romelsac Cafxuti efara, uniforma ecva da fariTa da xelketiT iyo aRWurvili, wamodgomaSi daxmareba vTxove. daxmarebis nacvlad, man marjvena Tvalis areSi xelketi Camartya. Tvali cremliT amevso da roca vkiTxe, ra davuSave da risTvis mcemda, davinaxe, rogor aswia xeli, CemTvis kvlav rom Caertya. am dros vigrZeni, rom iqve mdgomma sxva policielebma mas raRac gadaulaparakes da yvela maTgani momSorda. maTi samxreebis garCeva ver SevZeli. ver SevZleb Cemze moZalade policielisa da iqve mdgom sxva policielTa amocnobas. SesaZlebelia, iqve myofma sxva samoqalaqo pirebma SeZlon, magram ar vici, vin gaxda am incidentis mowme. CemiT wamovdeqi da mivlaslasebdi #259-e afTiaqisaken, roca ucnobma moxucma kacma xeli SemaSvela da afTiaqamde mimiyvana samedicino daxmarebis misaRebad. ucnobma afTiaqSi Semiyvana da wavida. afTiaqi sisxliT iyo mosvrili, Sig iyvnen daSavebuli samoqalaqo pirebi. am dros samxedroebi mouaxlovdnen afTiaqs da fanjaraze kakuni daiwyes. WaRara moxucma qalma, romelic afTiaqSi muSaobda, samxedroebi gakicxa. I.G.-m, romelic vicani, radgan satelevizio Jurnalisti iyo, kari Signidan gaaRo Tu ara, erT-erTma samxedro pirma xelketi mouqnia, Tumca, aacila. mizezi, ris gamoc I.G. gareT gasvlas cdilobda, is iyo, rom daSavebulTaTvis saswrafos gamoZaxeba surda. raRac drois Semdeg saswrafom saavadmyofoSi gadagviyvana... saavadmyofoSi warbis Wrilobaze nakerebi damades da meore dRes Tvalis daavadebaTa institutSi gadamiyvanes... iq gamikeTes operacia, romelic sam saaTs grZeldeboda... Tumca, operaciam ar miSvela da marjvena TvaliT sruliad davbrmavdi...".
2. eqspertizis pirveli daskvna
26. 2004 wlis 21 marts gamomZiebelma samedicino eqspertizis Catareba moiTxova ganmcxadeblis dazianebebze. janmrTelobis dacvis saministros samedicino eqspertizisa da paTologiuri anatomiis departamentis eqspertis 2004 wlis 28 ivlisis samedicino eqspertizis daskvnis ("eqspertizis pirveli daskvna") Tanaxmad, eqspertiza Catarda 2004 wlis 24 martidan 2004 wlis 28 ivlisamde.
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
27. eqspertizis pirveli daskvna rva gverdi iyo da ZiriTadad Sedgeboda ganmcxadeblis samedicino istoriebis amonaridebisagan. Inter alia daskvna Semdegi Sinaarsis dazianebas aRwerda:
"marjvena Tvalis kakali daviwroebulia da igi Rrmadaa Camjdari TvalbudeSi. darRveulia simetria marjvena da marcxena Tvalebs Soris da kvlav rCeba deformirebulad. marjvena Tvalis rqovana Semcirebulia marcxenasTan SedarebiT. misi wina sferuli forma deformirebulia. SeiniSneba naWrilobevi rqovanis zeda nawilze. marjvena Tvalis gugis mrgvali sfero deformirebulia da TeTri nawilakebiTaa dafaruli. marjvena quTuToze SeiniSneba daxrili, moTeTro naWrilobevi 3X0.5 zomiT."
28. daskvnis Tanaxmad, samedicino istoriebsa da diagnozze dayrdnobiT, ganmcxadebelma namdvilad miiRo travma marjvena Tvalze, ramac gamoiwvia misi saxis formis Seuqcevadi deformacia. amiT safrTxe ar eqmneba mis sicocxles, magram kvalificirdeba, rogorc Zalze saziano ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobisTvis. daskvnaSi aRiniSna, rom "[xelmisawvdom masalebze dayrdnobiT], gamoricxuli ar aris, rom es dazianebebi miyenebuli iyos 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers viwro, myari, blagvi nivTis Semortymis Sedegad... ganmcxadeblis mier aRweril ... an sxva garemoebebSi". Tumca, eqspertma ver SeZlo gansazRvruli daskvnis dadeba dazianebis gamomwvev mizezebze da aRniSna, rom amgvari daskvnis gakeTebas SeZlebs mxolod ofTalmologiis eqspertTagan Semdgari samedicino sabWo.
29. samedicino saeqsperto kvlevis dasrulebamde, 2004 wlis 25 maiss ganmcxadebelma weriliT mimarTa mTavar prokurors, romelSic Cioda, rom inter alia gamomZiebelma, samedicino eqspertizis dasaniSnad saWiro formalur proceduraTa dacvis nacvlad, ubralod weriliT Seatyobina, rom mis saqmeze tardeboda samedicino eqspertiza. igi aseve Cioda, rom daniSnulma samedicino eqspertma daagviana daskvnis gakeTeba da sxvadasxva teqstiT Tavi aarida dazaralebulis calke gamokvlevas. 2004 wlis 21 ivliss ganmcxadebelma mTavar prokurors mimarTa meore weriliT, romelSic imeorebda zemoxsenebuli werilis teqsts. arc erTs pasuxi ar mohyolia.
30. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, mas ar unaxavs eqspertizis pirveli daskvna, strasburgis sasamarTloSi winamdebare samarTalwarmoebis Sesabamisad, mTavrobis werilobiTi mimoxilvis miRebamde.
3. eqspertizis meore daskvna
31. 2004 wlis 13 seqtembers, gamomZieblis gadawyvetilebiT, meore samedicino eqspertiza Catarda. eqspertebs inter alia Semdeg kiTxvebze unda gaecaT pasuxi:
"4. qalbatoni muradovas mier marjvena TvalSi mxedvelobis dakargva Tavdapirvelma dazianebam gamoiwvia Tu Semdgomi samedicino mkurnalobisas daSvebuli Secdomis Sedegi iyo.
5. qalbatonma muradovam travma mis mier aRweril garemoebebSi miiRo _ anu policielis mier xelketis CartymiT _ Tu incidentisas dacemiT."
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
32. 2004 wlis 25 oqtombris samedicino daskvnis Tanaxmad ("samedicino eqspertizis meore daskvna"), eqspertiza Catarebulia 2004 wlis 13 seqtembridan 2004 wlis 22 oqtombramde, janmrTelobis dacvis saministros samedicino eqspertizisa da paTologiuri anatomiis departamentis oTxi eqspertis mier, romelTagan erT-erTi ofTalmologi iyo.
33. samedicino eqspertizis meore daskvna 7 gverdisgan Sedgeboda da TiTqmis mTlianad imeorebda pirveli eqspertizis daskvnasa da samedicino istoriebis Canawerebs. daskvnaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom ganmcxadebelma saTanado samedicino daxmareba miiRo rogorc saswrafo daxmarebis klinikaSi, aseve Tvalis daavadebaTa institutSi da samedicino personals Secdoma ar dauSvia.
34. daskvna ar moicavda analizs ganmcxadeblisTvis miyenebuli dazianebebis mizezebze.
35. saeqsperto daskvnis bolo nawilSi Semdegi pasuxebia gacemuli dasmul kiTxvebze (ix. zemoT punqti 31):
"4. qalbatonma muradovam marjvena TvalSi mxedveloba dakarga miyenebuli dazianebis Sedegad;
qalbatoni muradovas sxeulze ar aRmoCenila iseTi dazianeba, romelic tipuri iqneboda policiis xelketiT miyenebuli dazianebisa".
36. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, mas ar unaxavs eqspertizis meore daskvna, strasburgis sasamarTloSi winamdebare samarTalwarmoebis Sesabamisad, mTavrobis werilobiTi mimoxilvis miRebamde.
4. sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebis Sewyveta
37. 2004 wlis 26 noembers, gamomZieblis gadawyvetilebiT, sisxlis samarTlis saqme Sewyda.
38. am gadawyvetilebis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadeblis garda, mis saqmeze kidev rva mowme daikiTxa. Catarda amocnobis procedura, rvave mowmes aCvenes ganmcxadeblis fotosuraTi, igi verc erTma ver icno.
39. mowmeTagan eqvsi policieli iyo, romlebic 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers, arasanqcirebuli demonstraciis daSlisas, azadliqis moedansa an mis midebare teriotriaze imyofebodnen. maTi Cvenebis Tanaxmad, isini ar icnobdnen ganmcxadebels, misTvis xelketi ar CaurtyamT da arc daunaxavT, rom romelime policieli 2003 wlis 16 oqtombris movlenebisas qals xelketiT scemda. maTive varaudiT, ganmcxadebelma Tvali daiziana azadliqis moednidan gaqcevisas an uknidan brbos SejaxebiT dacemisas.
40. danarCeni ori mowme, A.V. da R.G. #259-e afTiaqis TanamSromlebi iyvnen, orive mamakaci. maTi Cvenebis Tanaxmad, isini samsaxurSi imyofebodnen 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers da im dRes afTiaqSi dazianebebiT miyvanili qali ar unaxavT, ver cnobdnen ganmcxadebels da ar daunaxavT, rogor miiRo man dazianebebi.
41. gadawyvetilebaSi agreTve aRiniSna: ganmcxadeblisTvis, amocnobis mizniT, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers azadliqis moedanze myofi arc erTi
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
policieli da samxedro piri ar warudgeniaT, radgan man Tavis CvenebaSi aRniSna, rom ver SeZlebda masze moZalade piris amocnobas.
42. amas garda, gamomZiebeli miuTiTebda, rom samedicino eqspertizis meore daskvnis Tanaxmad, "ganmcxadeblis travma dacemisa da Zirs, blagv saganze Tavis dakvris Sedegi iyo, da rom mis sxeulze ar aRmoCenila iseTi dazianeba, romelic tipuri iqneboda policiis mier xelketiT miyenebuli dazianebisa".
43. gamomZiebelma daaskvna, rom ver dgindeboda policielis mier ganmcxadeblis xelketiT cemis faqti da daadgina, rom ganmcxadebeli dazianda Tavisive qmedebebis Sedegad. Sesabamisad, dadginda, rom ar momxdara sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli (cinayt hadissinin olmamasi) da ganmcxadebels uari eTqva Suamdgomlobaze _ "msxverplad" eRiarebinaT. gamomZiebelma, aRniSnul mizezebze dayrdnobiT, gadawyvita ganmcxadeblis sarCelis safuZvelze dawyebuli gamoZiebis Sewyveta.
44. mTavrobis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadebels 2004 wlis 26 noembris gadawyvetilebis asli gaegzavna. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, misTvis am gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb arasodes ucnobebiaT.
D. samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoeba
45. paralelurad, ganmcxadebelma 2004 wlis martSi Sinagan saqmeTa saministros winaaRmdeg samoqalaqo sarCeliT mimarTa sabailis saqalaqo sasamarTlos, romliTac fulad kompensacias iTxovda miyenebuli zianisaTvis. 2004 wlis martSi sabailis saqalaqo sasamarTlom uari Tqva saqmis ganxilvaze. man aRniSna, rom saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg saqmeebSi kompensaciis moTxovnisas mosarCeles finansTa saministro unda mieTiTebina Tanamopasuxed da sarCeli nazimis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi Seetana.
46. ganmcxadebelma samoqalaqo sarCeliT mimarTa nazimis saqalaqo sasamarTlos (sarCelis Setanis TariRi dauzustebelia), romelSic Tanamopasuxeebad miuTiTa Sinagan saqmeTa da finansTa saministroebi da miyenebuli zianisTvis kompensacia moiTxova.
47. 2004 wlis 18 maisis weriliT, mTavarma prokuraturam nazimis saqalaqo sasamarTlos acnoba, rom ganmcxadeblis braldebaTa safuZvelze dawyebuli sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba kvlav mimdinareobda.
48. 2004 wlis 7 ivniss nazimis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi saqmis pirveli mosmena gaimarTa, romelzec mosamarTlem mxareTa poziciebi moismina. ganmcxadebelma isaubra faqtze, ramac misi usinaTloba gamoiwvia da Tavisi moTxovna kvlav daafiqsira. pirveli mopasuxis, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros advokatma aRniSna, rom ganmcxadeblis mier Setanili sisxlis samarTlis sarCeli kvlav sagamoZiebo organoebis mokvlevis sagani iyo. man aseve dasZina, rom policia uflebamosili gaxldaT, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers brbos winaaRmdeg ZalisTvis miemarTa, radgan manifestacia arasanqcirebuli iyo da misi monawileebi sajaro wesrigs arRvevdnen. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, advokatis mtkicebiT, policielebs am qalbatonisaTvis ziani ar miuyenebiaT da mosarCelis braldebebi usafuZvlo iyo. finansTa saministros advokati pirveli mopasuxis advokatis Sesagebels daeTanxma.
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
49. 2004 wlis 18 ivniss nazimis saqalaqo sasamarTlom moismina sami mowmis Cveneba, romlebmac ganmcxadeblis sasargeblo Cvenebebi misces.
50. batoni I.G.-s (mamakaci, romelsac ganmcxadenebli axsenebda Tavis CvenebaSi, ix. zemoT 25-e punqti) Cvenebis Tanaxmad (sasamarTlosTvis miwodebul amonaridSi gamotovebulia advokatebis SekiTxvebi jvaredini dakiTxvisas, Tumca, CanawerSi ikiTxeba mowmeTa pasuxebi am kiTxvebze):
,,2003 wlis 16 oqtombers m. muradova #259-e afTiaqSi vnaxe, igi daWrili iyo marjvena TvalSi. am dros ramdenime policielma scada afTiaqSi SemoWra da roca karis gaReba movisurve, maT CemTvis Cartymac scades. me ar daminaxavs, Tu vin scema m. muradova da amaze verafers vityvi.
[ganmcxadeblis advokatis mier jvaredini dakiTxviT miRebuli pasuxebi:] - ara, ar daminaxavs policielis mier mosarCele m. muradovasTvis
Cartymis faqti. - diax, im dRes gamoviZaxe saswrafo daxmarebis manqana, radgan m. mu-
radova daSavebuli iyo. - diax, azadliqis moedanze m. muradova rom davinaxe, mas Tvali ukve
dasiebuli hqonda da sisxliT iyo mosvrili. - diax, afTiaqis kari rom gavaRe, [maT] undodaT CemTvis CaertyaT,
magram dartyma avicile karis swrafad daxurviT. [mopasuxis advokatis mier jvaredini dakiTxviT miRebuli pasuxi:] - ara, ar daminaxavs mosarCele m. muradovasTvis policielis mier
Cartymis faqti."
51. qalbatoni A.A.-s Cveneba:
,, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers, daaxloebiT 14:00 saaTisaTvis, azadliqis moedanze xalxma Sekreba daiwyo. am dros mTavrobis saxlTan vimyofebodi [mdebareobs azadliqis moedanze] da davinaxe azadliqis moedanze Sekrebilma policiisa da specdaniSnulebis Zalebma yovelgvari gafrTxilebis gareSe rogor dauwyes xalxs xelketebiT cema, iq viyavi da davinaxe mosarCele, romlis saxelic mogvianebiT gaxda CemTvis cnobili, igi uknidan dajaxebis [brbos mier] Sedegad miwaze daeca da me davinaxe Sav uniformaSi Cacmuli policielebi, romelTac efaraT Cafxutebi da aRWurvilni iyvnen xelketebiT. man [ganmcxadebelma] policiis oficrebs xeli gauwoda da wamodgomaSi daxmareba sTxova, magram erT-erTma policielma marjvena TvalSi mTeli ZaliT Caartya xelketi. roca policielma scada, qalisTvis meoredac Caertya, ganmcxadebelma Tavis gaweviT airida moqneuli xelketi. Semdeg ramdenime samoqalaqo pirma igi #259-e afTiaqSi waiyvana, romelic iqve axlos mdebareobda. mas afTiaqSi pirveladi samedicino daxmareba aRmouCines da Semdeg sxva dazianebulebTan erTad saswrafo daxmarebis manqaniT saavadmyofoSi waiyvanes.
[ganmcxadeblis advokatis mier jvaredini dakiTxviT miRebuli pasuxebi:] - diax, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers azadliqis moedanze SekrebilTa Soris
viyavi. - diax, m. muradova, romelsac manamde ar vicnobdi, im dRes iq iyo. - diax, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers davinaxe, rogor daeca m. muradova
miwaze da rogor Caartya erT-erTma policielma xelketi. - diax, m. muradovas Tvali dauzianda policielis mier xelketis Car-
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
tymis Sedegad. - diax, mas samedicino daxmareba aRmouCines iqve mdebare ,,mwvane af-
TiaqSi" da saswrafo daxmarebis manqaniT saavadmyofoSi gadaiyvanes. [mopasuxis advokatis mier jvaredini dakiTxviT miRebuli pasuxebi:] - ara, ver SevZlebdi im policielis amocnobas, romelmac m. murado-
vas Caartya. - diax, vicnobdi G.G.-s manamde, magram m. murdova im dRes azadliqis
moedanze vnaxe pirvelad."
52. qalbatoni G.G.-s Cveneba:
,,mosarCeles manamde ar vicnobdi. 2003 wlis 15 oqtombers #246-e ubanze vakvirdebodi arCevnebis mimdinareobas. 16 oqtombers, daaxloebiT dRis 2-3 saaTze, azadliqis moedanze davinaxe, rogor daeca miwaze m.muradova da iqve mdgom Cafxutian da xelketian policielebs sTxova, misTvis ar daertyaT, magram erT-erTma policielma m. muradovas xelketi Caartya, ris Sedegadac mas Tvali dauzianda. me ganmcxadeblisaTvis wamali ,,mwvane afTiaqSi" viyide.
[ganmcxadeblis advokatis mier jvaredini dakiTxviT miRebuli pasuxebi:] - diax, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers davinaxe, rogor daeca m. muradova
miwaze. am qalbatonis saxeli mogvianebiT Sevityve. - diax, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers azadliqis moedanze erT-erTma poli-
cielma xelketi Caartya m. muradovas marjvena Tvalis areSi. - ara, manamde m. muradovas ar vicnobdi. - diax, m. muradova erTma kacma moiyvana. davinaxe, rom Tvali Ca-
sisxlianebuli hqonda. [mopasuxis advokatis mier jvaredini dakiTxviT miRebuli pasuxi:] - diax, miTxres, rom wamali, romelic m. muradovas sWirdeboda, iqve
mdebare ,,mwvane afTiaqSi" hqondaT."
53. imave dRes, 2004 wlis 18 ivniss, nazimis saqalaqo sasamarTlom ganmcxadebels sasarCelo moTxovnaze uari uTxra. sasamarTlom, mosarCelis samedicino istoriis gaTvaliswinebiT, aRniSna, rom ganmcxadebels Tvali dauzianda. Tumca, misi azriT, mosarCelem ver SeZlo im braldebis dasabuTeba, rom dazianeba policielma miayena. kerZod, sasamarTlom mowmeTa Cvenebebi Semdegnairad Seafasa:
,,sasamarTlom moismina mowmis G.G.-s Cveneba, romlis Tanaxmadac igi manamde piradad ar icnobda m. muradovas. ... 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers, daaxloebiT dRis 14:00-15:00 saaTze, man dainaxa, rogor daeca m. muradova miwaze da rogor sTxova niRbian, xelketebiT SeiaraRebul policielebs, misTvis ar daertyaT. Tumca, erT-erTma policielma m. muradovas xelketi Caartya. Sedegad, m. muradovas Tvali dauzianda. [mowmem] m. muradovasTvis ,,mwvane afTiaqSi" wamali SeiZina.
mowmem, qalbatonma A. A.-m analogiuri Cveneba misca.
mowmis, batoni I.G.-s Cvenebis Tanaxmad, 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers man #259-e afTiaqSi naxa m. muradova, romelsac Tvali hqonda dazianebuli. ... mas ar unaxavs, vin scema m. muradova.
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
azerbaijanis respublikis sisxlis saproceso kodeqsis muxli 77.1 Tanaxmad, TiToeuli mxare valdebulia, Tavisi moTxovnebis gasamyareblad warmodgenili nebismieri braldeba daamtkicos.
sasamarTlo ganxilvaze m.muradovam ver SeZlo Tavisi sasarCelo moTxovnis braldebaTa damtkiceba.
sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom sasamarTlo procesze mosmenili mowmeTa Cvenebebi ver CaiTvleba ganmcxadeblis sarCelis dakmayofilebis safuZvlad.
zemoxsenebulis SefasebiT, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom sarCels uari unda eTqvas dausabuTeblobis gamo."
54. 2004 wlis 17 seqtembers saapelacio sasamarTlom ZalaSi datova pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba da damatebiTi Seswavlis gareSe aRniSna, rom ganmcxadebelma ver SeZlo misi braldebebis dasabuTeba.
55. 2005 wlis 2 Tebervals uzenaesma sasamarTlom qveda instanciis sasamarTloTa gadawyvetilebebi ZalaSi datova.
II. Sesabamisi erovnuli kanonmdebloba
A. Zalis gamoyeneba
1. 1999 wlis 8 oqtombris kanoni policiis Sesaxeb
56. policiels ufleba aqvs, damnaSavesTan mimarTebiT gamoiyenos specialuri aRWurviloba inter alia buntis an masobrivi daumorCileblobisas (muxli 26. II). ,,specialuri aRWurviloba" gulisxmobs xelketebs, xelborkilis saxeobebs, cremlsaden gazs, rezinis tyviebs, wylis Wavls da sxva saSualebebs (muxli 1). fizikuri Zala, specialuri aRWurviloba an cecxlsasroli iaraRi gamoiyeneba mxolod absoluturi aucileblobisas, safrTxis proporciulad. amgvari absoluturi aucileblobis dros gamoyenebuli fizikuri Zalis, specialuri aRWurvilobis an cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyenebis Sedegad, adamianis gardacvaleba ar CaiTvleba sicocxlis uflebis darRvevad (muxli 26. II). policiis Sesabamisma organom TiToeul amgvar incidentze, roca gamoyenebulia fizikuri Zala, specialuri aRWurviloba Tu cecxlsasroli iaraRi, mokvleva unda Caataros da am saSualebaTa gamoyenebis kanonierebasTan dakavSirebiT mosazreba gamoTqvas (muxli 26. VII). policielis mier Zalis ukanono gamoyeneba wamoWris misi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobiT (muxli 26. IX).
57. policiels ufleba aqvs, gamoiyenos fizikuri Zala, specialuri aRWurviloba an cecxlsasroli iaraRi mxolod absoluturi aucileblobisas an Tavdacvis saWiroebisas _ mas Semdeg, rac yvela sxva iZulebis saSualeba uSedegod dasruldeba _ da danaSaulis simZimisa da damnaSavis pirovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT (muxli 27.I.1.). fizikuri Zalis, specialuri aRWurvilobis an cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyenebiT dazaralebul ada-
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
mianebs unda aRmouCinon pirveladi samedicino daxmareba (27.I.5.). policielma Sesabamis organos werilobiT unda acnobos im garemoebis Sesaxeb, romelSic fizikuri Zala, specialuri aRWurviloba an cecxlsasroli iaraRi gamoiyena (muxli 27.I.7). Zalis amgvari gamoyenebis Sesaxeb aseve unda ecnobos Sesabamis prokurors 24 saaTis ganmavlobaSi (muxli 27.I.8).
2. 1994 wlis 8 Tebervlis kanoni Sida sajariso erTeulebis statusis Sesaxeb
58. samxedro mosamsaxureebma winaswar unda Seatyobinon maT mier fizikuri Zalis, specialuri aRWurvilobis, cecxlsasroli iaraRis an sabrZolo aRWurvilobis gamoyenebis ganzraxvis Sesaxeb da meore mxares sakmarisi dro unda miscen, daemorCilos maT moTxovnebs, vidre Zalis amgvar gamoyenebas mimarTaven. Tumca, gamonaklisi dasaSvebia im SemTxvevebSi, roca aseTi winaswari Setyobineba udrooa an SeuZlebelia, an roca Zalis gamoyenebis dagvianebiT safrTxe eqmneba adamianis sicocxles an janmrTelobas, an gamoiwvevs sxva mniSvnelovan Sedegebs. samxedro mosamsaxureebi valdebulni arian, pirveladi samedicino daxmareba aRmouCinon dazaralebulebs da Sesabamis prokurors acnobon nebismieri saxis dazianebis, an gardacvalebis Sesaxeb, Zalis gamoyenebas rom mohyva. samxedro mosamsaxureTa mier Zalis gamoyeneba uflebamosilebis gadametebiT, maTi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs wamoWris Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobiT (muxli 19).
59. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, masobrivi daumorCileblobisas, dasaSvebia Semdegi specialuri aRWurvilobis gamoyeneba: rezinis xelketebi, cremlsadeni gazi, sinaTlisa da xmis gamomcemi specialuri mowyobilobebi, wylis Wavli, javSniani satransporto saSualebebi da gawvrTnili ZaRlebi (muxli 21).
B. sisxlis samarTlis procesi
60. 2000 wlis sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 39.1.1 da 41.1 muxlebis Tanaxmad, sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba ar unda daiwyos da, Tu dawyebulia, unda Sewydes winaswari gamoZiebis etapze, Tu dadginda, rom danaSauli ar momxdara (cinayt hadissi olmadiqda).
61. Tu arsebobs sakmarisi safuZveli saimisod, rom pirs miadga pirdapiri moraluri, fizikuri an materialuri ziani sisxlis samarTliT aRwerili qmedebis Sedegad, es piri unda CaiTvalos ,,danaSaulis msxverplad" (zrr �kmi xs) (muxli 87.1). Tu sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis dawyebisas piris ,,danaSaulis msxverplad" aRiarebisTvis sakmarisi safuZvlebi ar arsebobs, ,,danaSaulis msxverplis" statusis miniWebis gadawyvetileba unda miiRon (winaswari mokvlevis stadiaze gamomZieblma, gamomZieblma, prokurorma an sasamarTlom) rogorc ki amgvari safuZvlebis arseboba dadgindeba (muxli 87.4).
62. ,,danaSaulis msxverpls" aqvs inter alia Semdegi saproceso uflebebi: sisxlis samarTlis saqmes daurTos masalebi; winaswari gamoZiebis nebismier etapze moiTxovos kerZo gamoZiebis statusi; sagamoZiebo organos
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
qmedebebi eWvqveS daayenos; daayenos Suamdgomlobebi; xeli miuwvdebodes saqmis masalebsa da Canawerebze; iyos informirebuli da moipovos sisxlis sagamoZiebo organos saproceso gadawyvetilebaTa aslebi (sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis Sewyvetis gadawyvetilebis CaTvliT); gaasaCivros saproceso qmedebebi an gadawyvetilebebi da sxva (muxli 87.6). amisgan gansxvavebiT, samarTalwarmoebaSi mowmis statusiT monawile pirs xeli miuwvdeba saqmis im masalebsa da Canawerebze, romlebic mas ukavSirdeba (muxli 95.6.8).
63. sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis mxareebi (agreTve sxva pirebi, romlebic samarTalwarmoebaSi monawileoben sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT gansazRvrul SemTxvevebSi) uflebamosilni arian, gaasaCivron sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebze sagamoZiebo organos mier miRebuli saproceso qmedebebi an gadawyvetilebebi. winaswari mokvlevis gamomZieblis an gamomZieblis saproceso qmedebebi an gadawyvetilebebi SesaZloa gasaCivrdes zedamxedvel prokurorTan, am ukanasknelisa ki ierarqiulad zemdgom prokurorTan (muxlebi 122.2.1 da 122.2.2). sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 449.3 muxliT gansazRvruli zogierTi xasiaTis saproceso qmedeba an gadawyvetileba (miRebuli winaswari mokvlevis gamomZieblis, gamomZieblis an zedamxedveli prokuroris mier) SesaZloa gasaCivrdes pirdapir zedamxedvel sasamarTloSi (muxli 122.2.3).
64. sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebze sagamoZiebo organos mier miRebul saproceso qmedebaTa an gadawyvetilebaTa pirdapir zedamxedvel sasamarTloSi gasaCivreba SeuZliaT Semdeg pirebs: (1) braldebuls (eWvmitanils) an mis warmomadgenels, (2) dazaralebul mxares (danaSaulis msxverpls) an mis warmomadgenels da (3) sxva pirebs, romelTa uflebebic dairRva sadavo qmedebiT an gadawyvetilebiT (muxli 449.2). sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb gadawyvetileba SeiZleba gasaCivrdes inter alia zedamxedvel sasamarTloSi (muxli 449.3.5).
65. sisxlis saproceso kodeqsis 264-272-e muxlebi adgens procedurebs eqspertizis Catarebis Sesaxeb. kerZod, muxli 268.1.4-is Tanaxmad, danaSaulSi braldebul an eWvmitanil pirs ufleba aqvs inter alia Caataros ,,alternatiuli eqspertiza" da moiTxovos am eqspertizis Sedegebis darTva sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze.
C. samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoeba
66. 2000 wlis samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis muxli 77.1-is mixedviT, samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis TiToeul mxares valdebuleba ekisreba, misi moTxovnebisa da miznebis safuZvlebi daamtkicos.
67. samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis muxli 245.1.4-is Tanaxmad, mosamarTle valdebulia, SeaCeros samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoeba, Tu SeuZlebelia sarCelis ganxilva misTvis xelSemSleli sxva sakonstitucio, samoqalaqo, sisxlis an administraciuli samarTalwarmoebis dasrulebamde.
68. samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis muxli 265.4-is Tanaxmad, Tu sasamarTlo samoqalaqo sarCelis ganxilvisas danaSaulebriv niSnebs aRmoaCens saqmis mxareebis an mesame pirTa qmedebebSi, amis Sesaxeb specialuri dadgenilebiT (x�susi qrardad) unda mimarTos sazogadoebriv prokurors.
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
III. Sesabamisi saerTaSoriso angariSebi da dokumentebi
A. gaeros mier miRebuli ZiriTadi principebi Zalis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT
69. samarTaldamcveli organoebis qcevis kodeqsis (miRebulia gaeros generaluri asambleiis 1979 wlis 17 noembris 34/169 rezoluciiT) Sesabamisi amonaridebi ase ikiTxeba:
muxli 3
,,samarTaldamcvelma organoebma Zala unda gamoiyenon mxolod mkacri aucileblobisas da maTi samsaxurebrivi uflebamosilebis farglebSi".
muxli 5
,,dauSvebelia samarTaldamcveli piris mier wameba an sxva sastiki, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyroba an dasja, waqezeba an Sewynareba. aseve dauSvebelia, samarTaldamcvelma pirma moixmos zemdgomis brZanebebi an gamonaklisi garemoebebi _ rogoricaa saomari mdgomareoba an omis safrTxe, erovnuli uSiSroebis safrTxeSi yofna, Sida politikuri arastabiluroba an sxva sagangebo mdgomareoba _ wamebis an sxva sastiki, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an dasjis gasamarTleblad."
70. samarTaldamcveli pirebis mier Zalisa da cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyenebis ZiriTadi principebis (miRebulia kubaSi, havana, 1990 wlis 27 agvistodan 7 seqtembramde, danaSaulis prevenciisa da damnaSaveTa mopyrobis Sesaxeb gaeros merve kongresis mier) Sesabamis amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:
,,... 2. mTavrobebma da samarTaldamcvelma organoebma gamosayenebel saSualebaTa SeZlebisdagvarad farTo sia unda SeimuSaon da samarTaldamcveli pirebi sxvadasxva tipis iaraRiTa da sabrZolo masalebiT aRWurvon, rac maT saSualebas miscems, diferencirebulad gamoiyenon Zala da cecxlsasroli iaraRi. amaSi moiazreba qmedunarianobis SemzRudveli araletaluri iaraRis SemuSaveba Sesabamis situaciebSi gamosayeneblad, im mizniT, rom maqsimalurad SeizRudos sikvdilis an dazianebis gamomwvev saSualebaTa gamoyeneba. amave miznisTvis, samarTaldamcvel organoebs unda SeeZloT, aRiWurvon iseTi damcavi aRWurvilobiT, rogoricaa farebi, Cafxutebi, tyviagaumtari Jiletebi da satransporto saSualebebi, raTa nebismieri iaraRis gamoyenebis saWiroeba Semcirdes.
3. qmedunarianobis SemzRudveli araletaluri iaraRis SemuSaveba da samarTaldamcvelTa aRWurva sifrTxiliT unda iqnas Seswavlili, raTa Semcirdes neitralur pirTa safrTxeSi Cagdebis riski; amgvari iaraRis gamoyeneba sifrTxiliT unda gakontroldes.
4. samarTaldamcvelma pirebma TavianTi uflebamosilebis Sesrulebisas maqsimalurad unda scadon, araZaladobriv saSualebebs mimarTon Zalisa
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
da cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyenebamde.
5. roca gardauvalia Zalisa da cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyeneba, samarTaldamcvelma organoebma:
(a) Zalisa da iaraRis gamoyenebisas SezRudvebs unda mimarTon da imoqmedon danaSaulis simZimis proporciulad da kanonieri miznis misaRwevad;
(b) unda Seamciron zarali da ziani da pativi unda scen da gaufrTxildnen adamianis sicocxles;
(c) unda uzrunvelyon, rom yvela daSavebul an dazaralebul pirs adreul etapzeve aRmouCinon samedicino da sxvagvari daxmareba...
6. roca dazianeba an sikvdili gamoiwvia samarTaldamcvelTa mier Zalisa da cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyenebam, maT amis Sesaxeb swrafad unda acnobon TavianT zemdgomT, 22-e principis Sesabamisad.
7. mTavrobebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom samarTaldamcvelTa mier Zalisa da cecslsasroli iaraRis ukanono an uflebamosilebis gadametebiT gamoyeneba maTi kanonmdeblobebiT isjebodes rogorc sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli.
8. dauSvebelia gamonaklisi garemoebebis _ rogoricaa Sida politikuri arastabiluroba an sxva sagangebo mdgomareoba _ moxmoba am ZiriTadi principebidan gadasaxvevad. ...
... 22. mTavrobebma da samarTaldamcvelma organoebma unda Seqmnan me-6 da me-11 (f) principebSi aRniSnuli faqtebis efeqtiani moxsenebisa da ganxilvis procedurebi. mTavrobebma da samarTaldamcvelma organoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom am principebis Tanaxmad moxsenebul faqtebze arsebobdes efeqtiani ganxilvis procesi da, Sesabamis SemTxvevebSi, damoukidebel administraciul an sagamoZiebo organoebs SeeZloT iurisdiqciis ganxorcieleba. gardacvalebis, mZime dazianebis an sxva mZime Sedegebis SemTxvevebSi, dauyovnebliv unda gaegzavnoT detaluri angariSi administraciul ganxilvasa da sasamarTlo kontrolze pasuxismgebel, uflebamosil organoebs.
23. Zalis an cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyenebiT dazaralebul adamianebs an maT kanonier warmomadgenlebs xeli unda miuwvdebodeT damoukidebel procesze, sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis CaTvliT. amgvari adamianebis daRupvis SemTxvevebSi, es debuleba Sesabamisad gavrceldeba maT STamomavlebze.
24. mTavrobebma da samarTaldamcvelma organoebma unda uzrunvelyon zemdgom pirTa pasuxisgebaSi micema, Tu maT icodnen an unda scodnodaT, rom maT daqvemdebarebaSi myofma samarTaldamcvelma pirebma ukanonod gamoiyenes an gamoiyenebdnen Zalas an cecxlsasrol iaraRs da, maTi uflebamosilebis farglebSi, aranairi zomebisTvis ar miumarTavT zemoxsenebulis Tavidan asacileblad, aRsakveTad an Sesabamisi organosTvis mosaxseneblad."
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
B. saerTaSoriso organoebisa da adamianis uflebaTa sferos arasamTavrobo organizaciebis angariSebi
71. amonaridSi evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebis movaleobaTa da valdebulebaTa dacvis Sesaxeb komitetis (monitoringis komiteti) angariSidan ,,demokratiuli institutebis funqcionireba azerbaijanSi", romelic Sesrulda Tanamomxseneblebis, batoni grosisa da batoni martines kasanis mier (2004 wlis 12 ianvari, dok. 10030), vkiTxulobT:
,,D. arCevnebis Semdgomi movlenebi
34. arCevnebis dRes, SuadRidan, usafrTxoebis Zalebi mravlad iyvnen musavatis Stabis mimdebare teritoriaze. musavatis momxreebma saRamos partiis ofisis win daiwyes Sekreba, romelic arasanqcirebuli iyo, magram mSvidobiani. saarCevno ubnebis daxurvidan maleve musavatis momxreebma partiis liderebi gamarjvebulad gamoacxades. daiwyo mciredi SexlaSemoxla da demonstracia policielebma mswrafl CaaxSes. usafrTxoebis Zalebma, romlebic partiis ofisSi Sesvlas cdilobdnen misi warmomadgenlebis dasakaveblad, demonstrantebze Zalas mimarTes, rasac Zalismieri brZola mohyva.
35. meore dRes, rogorc ki gamoqveynda winaswari monacemebi, musavatis partiam Sedegebi ararealisturad da gayalbebulad gamoacxada da momxreebs dedaqalaqis centralur moedanze demonstraciisken mouwoda. demonstrantebma policiis manqana moipares da mimarTes policielebis winaaRmdeg, ra drosac policieli gardaicvala. SetakebaSi, romelic am incidents mohyva, ramdenime adamiani _ rogorc demonstranti, aseve policieli _ mZimed daiWra. zogierTi wyaros cnobiT, Setakebisas oTxi adamiani daiRupa."
72. amonawerSi evropaSi usafrTxoebisa da TanamSromlobis organizaciis, demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa ofisis (OSCE/ODIHR) angariSidan, romelic momzadda 2003-2004 wlebSi azerbaijanSi sasamarTlos monitoringis proeqtis farglebSi (2005 wlis 4 Tebervali), vkiTxulobT:
,,arCevnebis Semdgom mswrafl, 15 da 16 oqtombers, baqoSi gaimarTa demonstraciebi, rasac usafrTxoebis Zalebsa da demonstrantebs Soris Zalismieri Setakeba mohyva.
15 oqtombris saRamos, partia musavatis Stabis win, OSCE/ODIHR-is arCevnebze sadamkvirveblo misiis wevrebma naxes, rogor daesxa Tavs policia opoziciis momxreebs. 16 oqtombers baqos centrSi azadliqis moedanze Seikriba ramdenime aTasi demonstranti da opoziciis mxardamWeri, raTa gaeprotestebinaT, maTi SefasebiT, moparuli arCevnebi. moednisken mimaval gzaze TviTmxilvelebma naxes, rogor vandalurad azianebdnen demonstrantebi Senobebsa da manqanebs da policiis Zalebs esrodnen metalis firfitebsa da qvebs. moedanze demonstrantebs swrafad Semoartyes
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
alya policiisa da usafrTxoebis Zalebma da ganusazRvrelad didi Zala ixmares brbos dasaSlelad. TviTmxilvelTa cnobiT, usafrTxoebis Zalebi demonstrantebs xelketebiT scemdnen mas Semdeg, rac daakavebdnen da safrTxes aRar warmoadgendnen, an roca moednidan gaqcevas cdilobdnen. videoCanawerebze aRbeWdilia mtkicebulebebi samTavrobo Zalebis mier Zalis gadametebisa da gamoyenebuli sisastikis Sesaxeb, demonstrantebis dasaZlevad.
Zaladobas mohyva dakavebebis talRa. Tanamdebobis pirTa gancxadebiT, daakaves pirebi, romlebic monawileobdnen Zaladobriv qmedebebSi an pasuxismgebelni iyvnen Zaladobis organizebaze. ... Sinagan saqmeTa ministrma ganacxada, rom Zalismieri Setakebis Semdgom daakaves 600-ze meti adamiani. ...
arCevnebTan dakavSirebiT dakavebul pirTa umravlesoba mogvianebiT braldebis gareSe gaaTavisufles. jamSi, arCevnebis Semdgom SetakebasTan dakavSirebiT, sisxlis samarTlebrivi brali waeyena 129 adamians, romelTagan am angariSis momzadebis periodisTvis 125 gasamarTlda. ...
winamdebare angariSze muSaobisas OSCE/ODIHR-isTvis cnobili ar gamxdara arc erTi saqme, romelSic policielebs an sxva Tanamdebobis pirebs waeyenaT braldeba sisastikis an demonstrantTa mimarT Zalis gadametebuli gamoyenebisTvis."
73. amonaridSi adamianis uflebaTa helsinkis saerTaSoriso federaciis 2003 wlis angariSidan vkiTxulobT:
,,15 oqtombris saRamos da momdevno dRes policiasa (aseve samxedroebs) da momitingeebs Soris Setakeba gadaizarda masobriv Zaladobriv konfrontaciaSi, radgan opozicia gayalbebul arCevnebs aprotestebda. policiam da samxedroebma azadliqis (Tavisuflebis) moedans alya Semoartyes da momitingeebis mimarT gamoiyenes cremlsadeni gazi, rezinis tyviebi, policiis ZaRlebi da xelketebi. isini momitingeebs sastikad scemdnen mas Semdegac, rac miwaze ecemodnen. daSavda bevri adamiani, maT Soris, presis warmomadgenlebi. aseve daSavda bevri policielic. winamdebare angariSis werisas gardacvlilTa raodenoba jer gaurkveveli iyo. sxvadasxva wyaroze dayrdnobiT, gardaicvala 2 an 4 adamiani, daSavda aTobiT, maT Soris xuTi wlis bavSvi. azerbaijanis xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma ganacxades, rom masobrivi daumorCilebloba waaqezes opoziciis liderebma, raTa azerbaijanSi momxdariyo destabilizacia, Tumca, uamravi adamianis cnobiT, policielTa qmedebebis provocireba ar momxdara."
74. adamianis uflebaTa helsinkis saerTaSoriso federaciis 2004 wlis angariSis Sesabamis amonaridSi vkiTxulobT:
,,16 oqtombers opoziciis aqtivistebma unebarTvo mitingis gamarTva scades azadliqis moedanze, baqos centrSi. policielebma isini scemes. aqtivistTagan erT-erTi, 52 wlis hamigada zahidovi, cemisas gardaicvala, asobiT adamiani daSavda. momitingeebi policielebs winaaRmdegobas qvebis sroliT uwevdnen, ra drosac aTobiT policieli daSavda. daiwyo sisxlis
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
samarTlebrivi gamoZiebebi, Tumca policielTa sisastikeze gamoZieba ar Catarebula. metic, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa da prokuraturis erTobliv gancxadebaSi aRniSnulia, rom opozicias ekisreba pasuxismgebloba momitingis sikvdilze."
75. amerikis saxelmwifo departamentis adamianis uflebaTa da praqtikis Sesaxeb 2003 wlis saxelmwifo angariSis Sesabamis amonaridSi vkiTxulobT:
,,16 oqtombers xalxis didi raodenoba arasanqcirebul mitingze baqos centrSi Seikriba. demonstraciam Zaladobrivi saxe miiRo. momitingeebi musavatis Stabidan azadliqis moednisaken gaemarTnen da gzad usafrTxoebis Zalebis aTobiT warmomadgenelze Zala ixmares, anadgurebdnen maT satransporto saSualebebs da azianebdnen samTavrobo Senobebs. roca aTasobiT usafrTxoebis warmomadgenelma moedans alya Semoartya, momitingeebma maT Seuties. usafrTxoebis Zalebma momitingeebTan gasamklaveblad gamoiyenes cremlsadeni gazi da xelketebi. am dros amoucnobi demonstrantebi moparuli samxedro tankiT policiis rigebSi SeiWrnen. usafrTxoebis Zalebma amas Zalis gadametebiT upasuxes, scemes bevri demonstranti, zogi gonebis dakargvamde, scemdnen maSinac roca demonstrantebi moednidan gaqcevas cdilobdnen, aseve scemdnen dakavebulebsac. cemis dros daiRupa erTi da daSavda, sul cota, 300 adamiani."
76. Human Rights Watch-is 2003 wlis 17 oqtombers presisTvis micemuli mimoxilvis (azerbaijani: arCevnebis Semdgom Setakebebi msxverpliT damTavrda) Sesabamis amonaridSi ikiTxeba:
,,guSin, 02:00 saaTze, opoziciis aTasobiT mxardamWeri baqos quCebSi gamovida. demonstracia male gadaizarda Zaladobriv SekrebaSi, nawilobriv imis gamo, rom rogorc ki momitingeebma Sekreba daiwyes, policiisa da samxedro Zalebma maSinve alya Semoartyes. momitingeebi Sekrebil usafrTxoebis Zalebs gaeridnen da azadliqis moednisaken gaemarTnen. gzad, momitingeebma sastikad scemes ramdenime policieli da samxedro piri, romelTa hospitalizacia gaxda saWiro. demonstrantebma aseve gaanadgures policiisa da samxedro pirTa ramdenime satransporto saSualeba da daazianes samTavrobo Senobebi.
azadliqis moedanze momitingeTa misvlidan Zalian male ramdenimeaTasianma meamboxeTa policiisa da samxedro SenaerTma moedans alya Semoartya. gauSves cremlsadeni gazi, momitingeebs dauSines rezinis tyviebi, miusies policiis ZaRlebi da scemdnen xelketebiT. iqve mdebare erT-erTi saxlis saxuravidan moTvalTvale Human Rights Watch-is mkvlevarma dainaxa, policia da samxedro Zalebi rogor imwyvdevdnen momitingeebs alyaSi da umowyalod scemdnen. bevr demonstrants maSinac scemdnen, roca isini miwaze ecemodnen. Human Rights Watch-ma daafiqsira mTavrobis momxre ramdenime samoqalaqo piric, romlebic usafrTxoebis ZalebTan erTad demonstrantebis cemaSi monawileobdnen.
policiam sikvdilamde scema, sul cota, erTi adamiani, 52 wlis hamidaga
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
zahidovi, romlis cxedaric Human Rights Watch-ma naxa saprotesto aqciis Semdeg. misi sxeuli sul Savi da lurji sisxlCaqcevebiT iyo dafaruli, Tavi ki - gaxeTqili da sisxlSi mosvrili... adgilobrivi saavadmyofoebisa da sxva wyaroebis monacemebiT, Setakebebisas mZimed dazianebulTa ricxvi dReisTvis daaxloebiT 300-ia. daWrilTagan bevrs siaruli ar SeeZlo da moednidan gaiyvanes. Human Rights Watch-ma dakiTxa aTze meti daWrili piri. yvelas CvenebiT, maT alya Semoartyes meamboxeTa policiisa da samxedro Zalebma da umowyalod scemes. cemisas bevrma goneba dakarga. ... daSavebulTa Soris arian ramdenime aTeuli policieli da samxedro mosamsaxure."
77. Human Rights Watch-is 2005 wlis msoflio angariSis (2004 wlis movlenebi, mokle mimoxilva azerbaijanze) Sesabamis amonaridSi vkiTxulobT:
,,arCevnebis Semdgomi sasamarTlo procesebi
asze meti opoziciuri partiis wevri da mxardamWeri gasamarTlda arCevnebis Semdgom ZaladobasTan dakavSirebuli braldebebiT. aqedan mxolod 4 adamiani gaaTavisufles giraoTi, danarCenebi ki winaswar patimrobaSi imyofebodnen 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi. azerbaijanis sasamarTloebma gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni gamoitanes yvela braldebulis mimarT, 46 adamians Tavisuflebis aRkveTa miesaja 2-dan 6 wlamde, danarCeni ki gaaTavisufles 3-dan 5 wlamde pirobiTi msjavris safuZvelze. 22 oqtombers mZime saqmeTa sasamarTlom opoziciis 7 liders 2,5-dan 5 wlamde patimroba miusaja arCevnebis Semdgom Zaladobis organizebaSi wvlilis gamo."
samarTali
1. konvenciis me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRveva
78. ganmcxadebeli Cioda, rom igi gaxda policiis sisastikis msxverpli, ramac gamoiwvia misi Zlieri fizikuri da sulieri tanjva. adgilobrivma organoebma, sagamoZiebo organoebisa da sasamarTloebis CaTvliT, ver SeZles am faqtis efeqtiani gamoZieba, riTac SeZlebdnen damnaSave policielis identificirebasa da dasjas, imis miuxedavad, rom misi braldebebi naTlad iyo ganmtkicebuli ramdenime mowmis CvenebebiT. am saCivris arsi xvdeba konvenciis me-3 muxlis farglebSi, romelic gulisxmobs Semdegs:
,,aravin SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros wamebas, araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas an dasjas".
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
A. dasaSveboba
1. mxareTa argumentebi
79. mTavrobis mtkicebiT, ganmcxadebels ar amouwuravs dacvis yvela SidasamarTlebrivi saSualeba.
80. pirvel rigSi, mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadebels uzenaesi sasamarTlos saboloo, 2005 wlis 2 Tebervlis gadawyvetilebis kanoniereba sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi ar gausaCivrebia.
81. meore mxriv, mTavrobam aRniSna, rom ganmcxadebels ar gausaCivrebia gamomZieblis 2004 wlis 26 noembris gadawyvetileba sisxlis saproceso kodeqsis 122-e da 449-e muxlebis Sesabamisad. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadebels ecnoba am gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb da, am mtkicebis gasamyareblad, warmoadgina gamomZieblis mier xelmowerili, 2004 wlis 26 noemberiT daTariRebuli werilis asli, romlis adresatic iyo ganmcxadebeli.
82. ganmcxadebelma ganacxada, rom sakonstitucio sarCeli damatebiTi saSualeba iyo, romlis amowurvac ar moeTxoveboda strasburgis sasamarTlosTvis mimarTvamde.
83. ganmcxadebelma damatebiT aRniSna, rom misTvis arasodes ucnobebiaT gamomZieblis mier 2004 wlis 26 noembers miRebuli gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb. igi amtkicebda, rom am gadawyvetilebis arseboba Seityo winamdebare saqmeze mTavrobis mier sasamarTlosTvis gagzavnili werilobiTi mimoxilvidan, romelic mas sasamarTlom gadmougzavna. maSasadame, is am gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebas ver SeZlebda.
2. sasamarTlos Sefaseba
84. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom aucilebelia dacvis mxolod efeqtiani SidasamarTlebrivi saSualebebis amowurva. mTavrobas, romelic irwmuneboda, rom SidasamarTlebrivi saSualebebi ar amowurula, ekisreba pasuxismgebloba _ sasamarTlos daumtkicos, rom dacvis SidasamarTlebrivi saSualeba Sesabamis dros efeqtiani iyo rogorc Teoriulad, aseve praqtikaSi, anu is xelmisawvdomi gaxldaT. am saSualebiT SesaZlebeli iyo ganmcxadeblis saCivarze reagireba da misiT sargeblobisas warmatebis gonivruli perspeqtiva isaxeboda. mtkicebis am tvirTis warmatebiT warmodgenis SemTxvevaSi, ukve ganmcxadebels evaleboda eCvenebina, rom mTavrobis mier aRniSnuli dacvis SidasamarTlebrivi saSualeba realurad amowura, an es saSualeba raime mizezis gamo saqmis konkretul garemoebebSi araadekvaturi an araefeqturi iyo, an arsebobda gansakuTrebuli garemoebebi, rac mas am saSualebis gamoyenebis moTxovnisgan aTavisuflebda (ix. saqme Akdivar and Others v. Turkey, 1996 wlis 16 seqtemberi, � 68, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996 IV).
85. metic, dacvis SidasamarTlebriv saSualebaTa amowurvis moTxovna moqnilad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli, yovelgvari gadaWarbebuli formalizmis gareSe. es wesi arc absoluturia da arc avtomaturad gamoiyeneba. am sakiTxze msjelobisas aucilebelia ara mxolod imis gaTvaliswi-
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
neba, rom Sesabamisi saxelmwifos samarTlebriv sistemaSi SidasamarTlebrivi saSualebebi formalurad arsebobs, aramed aseve am saxelmwifoSi zogadi samarTlebrivi da politikuri konteqstisac, iseve rogorc gansaxilveli saqmis konkretuli garemoebebisa. es imas niSnavs, rom inter alia sasamarTlom unda imsjelos _ saqmis yvela garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT _ ganmcxadebelma gaakeTa Tu ara yvelaferi, rac mas moeTxoveboda dacvis arsebuli SidasamarTlebrivi saSualebebis amosawurad (ix. Melnik v. Ukraine, # 72286/01, � 67, 2006 wlis 28 marti, da Hummatov v. Azerbaijan, # 9852/03 da 13413/04, � 91, 2007 wlis 29 noemberi).
86. rac Seexeba im sakiTxs, rom ganmcxadebels sakonstitucio sasamarTlosaTvis sarCeliT ar miumarTavs, sasamarTlo imeorebs mis adrindel daskvnas _ amgvari sarCeli ar iTvleba dacvis SidasamarTlebriv saSualebad, romlis amowurvac ganmcxadebels moeTxoveba strasburgis sasamarTlosTvis mimarTvamde. sakonstitucio sasamarTlo adekvaturad xelmisawvdomi ar aris, radgan sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi individualuri peticiis Sesatanad pirebs moeTxovebaT erovnul doneze sxva samarTlebrivi saSualebis gamoyeneba (uzenaesi sasamarTlos plenumze damatebiTi sakasacio procedura), romelic konvenciis 35-e muxlis 1-li punqtis SinaarsiT, araefeqturia (ix. Ismayilov v. Azerbaijan, # 4439/04, �� 39-40, 2008 wlis 17 ianvari). sasamarTlo mizezs ver poulobs, rom mis adrindel daskvnas gadauxvios da, Sesabamisad, mTavrobis argumentaciis am nawils ar eTanxmeba.
87. rac Seexeba sakiTxs, rom ganmcxadebelma ar gaasaCivra gamomZieblis gadawyvetileba, romelic exeboda sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebis Sewyvetas sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 122-e da 449-e muxlebis Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom mTavrobis argumentaciis es nawili warmoSobs kiTxvebs sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebis efeqtianobis Sesaxeb, es ki uSualod ukavSirdeba sarCelis arsebiT ganxilvas. amgvarad, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom es sakiTxebi unda dajgufdes arsebiTi ganxilvisas da masze msjeloba iqneba qvemoT, konvenciis ZiriTad debulebaze saubrisas.
88. sasamarTlo damatebiT aRniSnavs, rom winamdebare ganacxadi ar aris aSkarad dausabuTebeli konvenciis 35-e muxlis me-3 punqtis mniSvnelobiT. ganacxadi ar SeiZleba dauSveblad gamocxaddes raime sxva safuZvliT. Sesabamisad, igi cxaddeba arsebiT ganxilvaze dasaSvebad.
B. saqmis arsebiTi mxareebi
1. mxareTa argumentebi
89. mTavroba sadavos ar xdida sakiTxs, rom ganmcxadebeli daSavda, magram acxadebda, rom mas araadamianurad ar mopyrobian. mTavroba iSveliebda SidasamarTlebrivi gamoZiebis daskvnebs, romelTa Tanaxmad, ver dgindeboda, rom ganmcxadebelma dazianebebi miiRo policielis qmedebis Sedegad.
90. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadebelma ver SeZlo misi braldebe-
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
bis dasabuTeba. kerZod, mas ar SeeZlo im policielis amocnoba, vinc scema. mis sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze gamomZieblis mier dakiTxvisas ganmcxadebelma aRniSna, rom ar icoda irgvliv iyvnen Tu ara TviTmxilvelebi.
91. Tumca, Semdgom, erovnuli sasamarTloebis mier misi samoqalaqo sarCelis ganxilvisas, man ,,uceb" SeZlo ori mowmis warmodgena (A.A. da G.G.), romlebic mTel incidents Seeswrnen. mTavrobis argumentaciiT, SeuTavsebloba iyo mowmeebis, A.A. da G.G.-s CvenebebSi, aseve, faqtebze ganmcxadeblis versiasa da maT Cvenebebs Soris. kerZod, ganmcxadeblisa da ori mowmis Cvenebebi gansxvavdeboda im nawilSi, Tu ra moxda ganmcxadeblisTvis policielis pirveli savaraudo dartymis Semdeg da rogor miaciles dazaralebuli afTiaqamde. Tuki zogierTi Cvenebis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadebelma policielis mier xelketis meore moqneva TviTon aicila, sxvebis versiiT mas, savaraudod, sxva policielebma uTxres, rom meored dartymisgan Tavi Seekavebina. aseve gansxvavdeboda Cvenebebi im nawilSic, Tu vin miacila dazaralebuli afTiaqamde, ,,moxucma kacma" Tu adamianTa jgufma, romelTa Sorisac A.A. da G.G.-c iyvnen. amgvarad, mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadeblisaTvis sasargeblo mowmeTa mtkicebulebebi arasando iyo da aseTive gaxldaT daskvnac erovnuli sasamarTloebisa, romlebic ,,mtkicebulebaTa Sesaswavlad ukeTes pirobebSi imyofebodnen". mTavrobam aseve aRniSna, rom samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis muxli 77.1-is Tanaxmad, samoqalaqo sarCelis safuZvelTa mtkicebis tvirTi ganmcxadebels ekisreboda, rac man ver SeZlo.
92. mTavrobam aseve aRniSna, rom erovnul doneze Catarda efeqtiani sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba da mTavarma prokuraturam yvela saWiro RonisZiebas mimarTa ganmcxadeblis braldebaTa gamosaZieblad. gamomZiebelma dakiTxa yvela ,,SesaZlo mowme", im policielebis CaTvliT, romlebic 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers azadliqis moedanze ,,uflebamosilebas asrulebdnen". aseve daikiTxnen im afTiaqis TanamSromlebi, sadac, savaraudod, ganmcxadebeli miiyvanes incidentis Semdeg. zemoaRniSnul mowmeTa Cvenebebis Tanaxmad, arc erT maTgans ganmcxadebeli ar daunaxavs.
93. metic, gamomZiebelma ori samedicino eqspertiza daniSna ganmcxadeblis saqmeze. eqspertizebis Sesaxeb ganmcxadebels droulad acnobes da igi orives piradad eswreboda. samedicino eqspertebma daaskvnes, rom dazianebebi ganmcxadeblis saxeze ver iqneboda miyenebuli xelketiT. gancxadebels SeeZlo saxelmwifo samedicino eqspertebis daskvnebi sadavo gaexada ,,alternatiuli eqspertizis" moTxovniT _ sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis muxli 268.1.4 Sesabamisad _ rac mas ar gaukeTebia.
94. mTavrobis daskvniT, gamoZiebis Sewyveta swori nabiji iyo, radgan ver damtkicda, rom moxda sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli. imave mizeziT, ganmcxadebeli ,,danaSaulis msxverplad" ar cnes gamoZiebis procesSi.
95. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, igi gaxda policiis sisastikis msxverpli, rac mis mier provocirebuli ar yofila. xelketiT cema utoldeboda konvenciis me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul araadamianur da damamcirebel mopyrobas. man damatebiT aRniSna, rom adgilobrivma organoebma ver SeZles swrafi, yovlismomcveli da efeqtiani oficialuri gamoZieba, riTac SesaZlebeli gaxdeboda damnaSave policielebis indentificireba da dasja.
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96. ganmcxadebelma warmoadgina sami mowmis (A.A. G.G. da I.G.) gancxadebebi, romlebSic isini imeorebdnen erovnuli samarTalwarmoebisas micemul Cvenebebs, srulad Tanmxvedri rom iyo ganmcxadeblis versiisa incidentTan dakavSirebiT (ix. zemoT punqtebi 50-52). ganmcxadebelma uaryo, rom am mowmeTa Cvenebebi winaaRmdegobrivi gaxldaT. piriqiT, sagamoZiebo organoebma ar dakiTxes Sesabamisi mowmeebi da arsebiTad ar ucdiaT masze moZalade policiis oficris identifikacia. metic, ganmcxadebelma ganacxada, rom mTavrobis mier daniSnuli samedicino eqspertizebis daskvnebi TvaliT ar unaxavs sasamarTloSi winamdebare samarTalwarmoebis dawyebamde. man aRniSna, rom gamoZiebaSi efeqtianad monawileobas ver axerxebda da miuxedavad misi araerTi mcdelobisa, winaswari gamoZiebis Semdeg pirispir Sexvedroda gamomZiebels, amis saSualeba ar mieca. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, ganmcxadebeli irwmuneboda, rom sasamarTloSi samarTalwarmoebis dawyebamde misTvis arasodes ucnobebia 2004 wlis 26 noembris gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb, romelic mis saqmeze sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebis Sewyvetas gulisxmobda. ganmcxadebelma mTavrobis mier sasamarTlosTvis miwodebuli gadawyvetilebis aslis avTentikuroba sadavo gaxada.
2. sasamarTlos Sefaseba
(a) zogadi principebi
(i) me-3 muxlis Sinaarsobrivi mxare
97. rogorc araerTxel aRniSnula sasamarTlos mier, me-3 muxliT daculia demokratiul sazogadoebaTa erT-erTi yvelaze mTavari Rirebuleba. konvencia absoluturad krZalavs wamebas, araadamianur da damamcirebel mopyrobasa da dasjas iseT mZime garemoebebSic ki, rogoricaa brZola terorizmisa da organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg. konvenciis umetesi arsebiTi muxlebisa da 1-li da me-4 oqmebisgan gansxvavebiT, me-3 muxlze ar moqmedebs gamonaklisebi da dauSvebelia misi debulebidan gadaxveva _ me-15 muxlis me-2 punqtis Tanaxmad _ Tundac sagangebo mdgomareobisas, roca safrTxeSia eris sicocxle (ix. Selmouni v. France [GC], #. 25803/94, � 95, ECHR 1999 V, da Assenov and Others v. Bulgaria, 28 oqtomberi, 1998, � 93, Reports 1998 VIII).
98. arasaTanado mopyroba me-3 muxlis farglebSi xvdeba, Tu igi aRwevs sisastikis minimalur zRvars. am minimaluri zRvris Sefaseba damokidebulia saqmis yvela garemoebaze, rogoricaa mopyrobis xangrZlivoba, misi fizikuri da sulieri zemoqmedeba da, zogierT saqmeebSi, msxverplis sqesi, asaki da janmrTeloba (ix. Ireland v. the United Kingdom, 18 ianvari 1978, � 162, Series A # 25; Kudla v. Poland [GC], # 30210/96, � 91, ECHR 2000-XI; da Peers v. Greece, # 28524/95, � 67, ECHR 2001-III). sasamarTlom mopyroba ,,araadamianurad" miiCnia, radgan inter alia igi iyo winaswar dagegmili, Seuwyvetlad grZeldeboda ramdenime saaTis ganmavlobaSi da gamoiwvia sxeulis dazianeba an Zlieri fizikuri Tu sulieri tanjva. mopyroba, romelic msxverplSi SiSis grZnobas, sulier tanjvasa da arasrulfasovnebis gancdas
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
iwvevda _ rac amcirebda da akninebda mas _ CaiTvala ,,damamcireblad" (ix. Kudla, citirebulia zemoT, � 92).
99. sasamarTlo sensitiuria misi funqciis subsidiuri bunebisadmi da acnobierebs, rom Zalian frTxili unda iyos pirveli instanciis tribunalis funqciis SeTavsebisas, roca calkeuli saqmeebis garemoebebi amis saSualebas iZleva (ix. magaliTad, McKerr v. the United Kingdom (dec.), # 28883/95, 4 aprili, 2000). Tumca, roca braldebebi konvenciis me-3 muxlis farglebSi xvdeba, sasamarTlom gansakuTrebuli gulmodginebiT unda Seiswavlos saqme, Tundac adgilobriv doneze konkretuli RonisZiebebi iyos miRebuli da gamoZieba _ Catarebuli (ix. mutatis mutandis, Ribitsch v. Austria, 4 dekemberi 1995, � 32, Series A # 336, da Avar v. Turkey, # 25657/94, �� 283-84, ECHR 2001 VII (amonaridebi)).
(ii) me-3 muxlis procesualuri mxare
100. rodesac piri Civis, rom igi policielis seriozuli arasaTanado mopyrobis msxverpli gaxda me-3 muxlis darRveviT, es ukanaskneli, saxelmwifos mier konvenciis 1-li muxliT nakisr zogad valdebulebasTan erTobliobaSi _ ,,TavianTi iurisdiqciis farglebSi yvelasaTvis uzrunvelyon am konvenciaSi ...gansazRvruli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi" _ moiTxovs efeqtian saxelmwifo gamoZiebas. am gamoZiebiT SesaZlebeli unda gaxdes damnaSaveTa gamovlena da dasja. sxva SemTxvevaSi, wamebis da araadamianuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobisa da dasjis zogadi samarTlebrivi akrZalva, misi fundamenturi mniSvnelobis miuxedavad, praqtikaSi araefeqtiani iqneba da, zog SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifo moxeleebs SesaZleblobas miscems, rom faqtobrivi dausjelobiT, mis kontrolqveS myof pirTa uflebebi daarRvion (ix. Assenov and Others, citirebulia zemoT, � 102, da Labita v. Italy [GC], # 26772/95, � 131, ECHR 2000 IV).
101. arasaTanado mopyrobis seriozul braldebebze unda Catardes gulmodgine gamoZieba. es imas niSnavs, rom xelisuflebis organoebi yovelTvis srulad unda ecadon, gamoarkvion, Tu ra moxda, da ar unda daeyrdnon naucbaTev da dausabuTebel daskvnebs gamoZiebis Sewyvetisas an TavianT gadawyvetilebaTa dasasabuTeblad (ix. Assenov and Others, citirebulia zemoT, � 103 et seq.). xelisuflebis organoebma maT xelT arsebuli yvela gonivruli nabiji unda gadadgan incidentTan dakavSirebuli mtkicebulebis mosapoveblad, inter alia TviTmxilvelTa Cvenebebisa da samedicino mtkicebulebebis CaTvliT (ix. Tanrikulu v. Turkey [GC], # 23763/94, ECHR 1999-IV, � 104 et seq. da G�l v. Turkey, # 22676/93, � 89, 14 dekemberi 2000). gamoZiebisas nebismieri uzustoba _ rac akninebs xelisuflebis organoTa SesaZleblobas, daadginon zianis mizezi an gamoavlinon damnaSaveebi _ am standartis darRvevis safrTxes qmnis.
(b) am principebis gamoyeneba winamdebare saqmeSi
102. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadebelma 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers marjvena Tvalsa da quTuToze mZime dazianebebi miiRo. saqmeSi arsebu-
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li masalebi sakmarisia imis dasadgenad, rom ganmcxadebeli azadliqis moedanze imyofeboda im dRes, arasanqcirebuli demonstraciis mimdinareobisas, roca is amboxebaSi gadaizarda da Setakeba moxda samarTaldamcvel organoebsa da momitingeebs Soris. am daskvnas amyarebs ganmcxadeblis Cvenebebi, misi 2003 wlis 16 oqtombris samedicino istoria da mowmeTa Cvenebebi (ix. zemoT punqti 108). am faqts sadavos arc mTavroba da adgilobrivi organoebi xdian, romlebsac arasodes dauyenebiaT eWvqveS 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers ganmcxadeblis azadliqis moedanze yofnis faqti.
103. metic, winamdebare saqmeSi mxareebi ar davoben imaze, rom xelisuflebis organoebma Zalas mimarTes, gamoiyenes xelketebi, cremlsadeni gazi da sxva saSualebebi momitingeTa daSlisa da areulobis aRmofxvris mizniT. aseve udavoa faqti, rom am movlenebisas ramdenime momitinge da samarTaldamcveli piri daSavda. Tumca, rac Seexeba ganmcxadebels, mTavroba sadavos xdis faqts, rom misi dazianeba amgvarma Zalis gamoyenebam gamoiwvia.
104. Sesabamisad, aucilebelia dadgindes, arian Tu ara xelisuflebis organoebi pasuxismgebelni ganmcxadeblis travmaze, da Tu asea, mis mimarT arasaTanado mopyroba xvdeba Tu ara konvenciis me-3 muxlis farglebSi. sasamarTlo, winamdebare saqmesTan dakavSirebiT, pirvel rigSi, mtkicebis standarts gaiTvaliswinebs.
(i) mtkicebis tvirTis gadanawileba
105. sasamarTlo xazs usvams, rom arasaTanado mopyrobasTan dakavSirebuli braldebebi unda myardebodes Sesabamisi mtkicebulebiT. am mtkicebulebis Sefasebisas sasamarTlo zogadad mimarTavs ,,gonivrul eWvs miRma" mtkicebis standarts. Tumca, aseTi mtkiceba SesaZloa daefuZnos sakmarisad myar, naTel da Tanmxvedr daskvnebs an msgavs myar, faqtobriv prezumfciebs (ix. Ireland v. the United Kingdom, citirebulia zemoT, � 161).
106. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadebeli 2003 wlis 16 oqtombris movlenebisas an mas Semdeg ar daukavebiaT. Sesabamisad, winamdebare saqmis garemoebebi gansxvavdeba im saqmeTagan, romlebSic pirebs dazianebebi miadgaT dakavebis izolatorebSi an sxvagvarad, policiis daqvemdebarebaSi yofnisas. aseT saqmeebSi mtkicebis tvirTi uciloblad saxelmwifo organoebs ekisrebaT. maT unda warmoadginon sakmarisi da damajerebeli axsna-ganmarteba, Tu ra gaxda dazianebebis mizezi (ix. sxva saqmeebTan erTad, saqmeebi Selmouni v. France [GC], # 25803/94, � 87, ECHR 1999 V; Salman v. Turkey [GC], # 21986/93, � 100, ECHR 2000 VII; Pruneanu v. Moldova, # 6888/03, � 44, 16 ianvari 2007; da Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, # 34445/04, � 60, 11 ianvari 2007).
107. metic, winamdebare saqme aseve unda ganvasxvaoT im saqmeTagan, romlebSic aravin davobda faqtze, rom ganmcxadeblebma dazianebebi saxelmwifo moxeleTa mier Zalis gamoyenebis Sedegad miiRes konkretuli usafrTxoebis Zalebis operaciisas. am usafrTxoebis operaciaTa msxverplni iyvnen xolme an pirebi, romlebic dakavebisas Sesabamis Zalebs winaaRmdegobas uwevdnen, an meamboxe patimrebi, an arasanqcirebuli mitingis monawileebi. aseT saqmeebze sasamarTlom daadgina, rom mTavrobas ekisreboda mtkicebis tvirTi _ eCvenebina, rom Zala gadametebiT ar gamoye-
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
nebula (ix. magaliTad, Zelilof v. Greece, # 17060/03, �� 46-47, 24 maisi 2007; Kurnaz and Others v. Turkey, # 36672/97, �� 53-55, 24 ivlisi 2007; Vladimir Romanov v. Russia, # 41461/02, �� 60-61, 24 ivlisi 2008; Saya and Others v. Turkey, # 4327/02, � 20, 7 oqtomberi 2008; Bal�ik and Others v. Turkey, # 25/02, �� 30-31, 29 noemberi 2007; da Matko v. Slovenia, # 43393/98, �� 101 104, 2 noemberi 2006). winamdebare saqmeSi TviT is faqti, rom ganmcxadebels dazianebebi policielis mier Zalis gamoyenebis Sedegad miadga, davis sagania (gansxvavebiT saqmisagan Stoica v. Romania, # 42722/02, �� 48 da 66, 4 marti 2008).
108. Tumca, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom ganmcxadebelma sakmarisad Zlieri mtkicebulebebis Segroveba SeZlo SemTxvevis miseuli versiis gasamyareblad da safuZveli Cauyara prima facie saqmes policielTa mxridan arasaTanado mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT. kerZod, misi 2003 wlis 16 da 17 oqtombris samedicino Canawerebi amyareben ganmcxadeblis monaTxrobs, rom 2003 wlis 16 oqtombris Rames, azadliqis moedanze areulobisas, igi dazianda. man aseve SeZlo ori mowmis mtkicebulebis mopoveba, romlebic srulad imeorebdnen misi braldebis Sinaarss, rom ganmcxadebelma dazianeba policiis mier xelketis Cartymis Sedegad miiRo (ix. punqtebi 51-52 zemoT); aseve moipova sxva gancxadebac, romelic arapirdapir ganamtkicebda mis braldebas da Tanmxvedri iyo SemTxvevis miseuli versiisa (ix. zemoT punqti 50). sasamarTlo ar iziarebs mTavrobis arguments, rom mowmeebis, A.A.-sa da G.G.-s Cvenebebi urTierTgamomricxavi iyo da, aseve, ar emTxveoda ganmcxadeblis Cvenebas. konkretulad, am orive mowmem naTlad da ramdenjerme aRniSna, rom dainaxes, rogor Caartya policiis oficerma ganmcxadebels saxeSi xelketi. am mimarTulebiT, sasamarTlo mowmeTa CvenebebSi veranair arsebiT gansxvavebas an SeuTavseblobas ver xedavs ganmcxadeblis braldebis ZiriTad arsTan _ kerZod, im aspeqtSi, rom dazianeba mas miadga policielis mier Cartymis Sedegad. miuxedavad imisa, rom mowmeTa monayolSi mciredi gansxvavebebia im nawilSi, romelic exeba xelketis savaraudo Cartymis Semdgom movlenebs, maTi monaTxrobebi urTierTgamomricxavi ar aris da, amgvarad, imdenad umniSvneloa, rom Cvenebebis sandoobas eWvqveS ver ayenebs. amgvarad, aman ar unda imoqmedos mtkicebulebTa Sefasebaze. im faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom es mowmeebi erovnuli organoebis winaSe daikiTxnen incidentidan ramdenime Tvis Semdeg, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom drois gasvla gardauval gavlenas axdens mowmis SesaZleblobebze, faqtebi gaixsenos detalurad da sruli sizustiT (saqmesTan pek v. Turkey,#. 25760/94, � 116, ECHR 2004 II SedarebiT (amonaridebi)). nebismier SemTxvevaSi, am mowmeTa damoukidebloba da sandooba arasodes damdgara kiTxvis niSnis qveS erovnul doneze da ar dadgenila, rom romelime maTgani cruobda sasamarTlos winaSe (ix. aseve qvemoT punqti 122). amgvar garemoebebSi, sasamarTlo am mowmeTa Cvenebebis dauSveblobis mizezs ver poulobs.
109. metic, winamdebare saqmis garemoebebSi gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda daeTmos faqts, rom ganmcxadebelma dazianeba miiRo im teritoriaze, sadac samarTaldamcveli organoebi operacias atarebdnen da, masobrivi daumorCileblobis aRkveTis mizniT, Zalas mimarTes. amasTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom konvenciis me-3 muxli Zalis gamoyenebas
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ar krZalavs kargad gansazRvrul konkretul garemoebebSi. Tumca, Zalis aseTi gamoyeneba ar unda iyos gardauvali da gadametebuli (ix. Kurnaz and Others, citirebulia zemoT, � 52, da Ivan Vasilev v. Bulgaria, # 48130/99, � 63, 12 aprili 2007). fizikuri Zalis gamoyeneba, rac mkacrad aucilebeli ar iyo TviT am piris saqcielidan gamomdinare, amcirebs adamianis Rirsebas da konvenciis me-3 muxliT garantirebuli uflebis darRvevaa.
110. saqmeSi arsebul masalebsa da sajaro wyaroebze dayrdnobiT _ romlebic aRweren 2003 wlis 16 oqtomberis movlenebs (ix. zemoT punqtebi 71-77) _ sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom pirvel rigSi, mis xelT arsebuli informacia mwiria da saWiroebs damatebiT detalebs, ris gamoc rTulia movlenaTa zusti da detaluri mimdinareobis suraTis Seqmna. Tumca, SesaZlebelia zogierTi faqtis im donemde dadgena, rac sakmarisia winamdebare saqmis gasaanalizeblad. kerZod, ramdenime momitingem namdvilad vandalurad daaziana sazogadoebrivi da kerZo sakuTreba da im teritoriaze manamde ganlagebul policielebs Tavs daesxa. sasamarTlo aRiarebs, rom aseTi saqcieli swrafad SeiZleba gadaizardos amboxebaSi, romelic saWiroebs usafrTxoebis Zalebis Carevas. Tumca, aseve faqtia, rom nawili momitingeebisa agresiul qmedebebSi ar monawileobda da saxelmwifo Zalebs ar dapirispirebia, maT ar miumarTavT aranairi ZaladobisTvis. es ukanaskneli daskvna mtkicdeba angariSebiT, romelTa Tanaxmad, savaraudod aTasobiT momitingeTagan, daaxloebiT 600 daakaves da 125-s waredgina ZaladobasTan dakavSirebuli sisxlis samarTlis braldeba (ix. zemoT punqtebi 72 da 76-77).
111. aseve dgindeba, rom Zalovnebma damatebiTi Zalebi moixmes da momitingeebs saSualeba misces, azadliqis moedanze Sekrebiliyvnen, vidre maT alyas Semoartyamdnen da areulobis aRmosafxvrelad operacias daiwyebdnen. amgvarad, roca xelisuflebis organoebma Zalas mimarTes, maTi operacia Semofargluli iyo qalaqis mcire teritoriiT. sasamarTlo aseve iTvaliswinebs, rom operaciaSi CarTulni iyvnen ara mxolod meamboxeTa policiis TanamSromlebi, aramed samxedro Zalebic. yvela maTgani srulad iyo aRWurvili CafxutebiT, farebiT, xelketebiTa da sxva specialuri aRWurvilobiT. xelisuflebis organoebma Zalebis didi raodenobiT gadmosxma (aTasobiTac ki, rogorc aRniSnulia ramdenime angariSSi) SeZles umokles droSi. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom xelisuflebis organoTa unari _ am masStabiT Careuliyvnen demonstraciaSi _ raRac xarisxiT winaswar momzadebas saWiroebda. metic, im faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom ramdenime mitingi da momitingeebsa da policias Soris dapirispireba daiwyo ukve 16 oqtombris movlenebis wina Rames, xelisuflebis organoebs unda gamoeCinaT sifrTxile mosalodnel garTulebebsa da Zaladobis SesaZlo eskalaciasTan dakavSirebiT. Sesabamisad, rogorc Cans, xelisuflebis Sesabamisi Zalebis mobilizeba moulodnelad, uceb da winaswari momzadebis gareSe ar momxdara (ix. Rehbock v. Slovenia, # 29462/95, � 72, ECHR 2000 XII), maT SeeZloT winaswar ganeWvritaT movlenaTa ganviTareba da raime RonisZiebisTvis mainc miemarTaT arasaWiro riskebis Sesafaseblad da Tavidan asacileblad. maT Tavi unda SeekavebinaT Zalis gamoyenebisagan dauSvebeli da ganurCeveli formiT.
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112. sasamarTlo, iTvaliswinebs ra zemoxsenebul fonsa da im faqts, rom ganmcxadebelma gansakuTrebiT mZime dazianeba miiRo im arealSi yofnisas, sadac Zalovnebma Zala gamoiyenes, aseve, xazgasmiT aRniSnavs ra im faqts, rom ganmcxadebelma Tavisi braldebebi sakmarisad Zlieri da harmoniuli mtkicebulebebiT ganamtkica, askvnis, rom ganmcxadebelma prima facie warmoadgina policiis mxridan arasaTanado mopyrobis saqme, romelic efeqtian saxelmwifo gamoZiebas saWiroebda. Sesabamisad, mtkicebis tvirTi saxelmwifozea, romelmac unda warmoadginos damakmayofilebeli da damajerebeli axsna-ganmarteba ganmcxadeblis dazianebis mizezebze.
(ii) ganmcxadeblis dazianebis mizezebis dadgena da arasaTanado mopyrobis sisastikis farglebis Sefaseba
113. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom xelisuflebis organoebis mier Zalis gamoyenebisas, gamoyenebul Zalaze maTi angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelsayofad, raime formiT am qmedebaze damoukidebeli monitoringi unda momxdariyo, romelic proporciulobis sakiTxsac Seafasebda (ix. mutatis mutandis, Satik and Others v. Turkey, # 31866/96, � 58, 10 oqtomberi 2000). amgvari angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelsayofad, unda Semowmdes - saTanadod Tu regulirdeboda operacia da imgvarad Tu iyo organizebuli, rom SesaZlo minimumamde daeyvanaT adamianTaTvis sxeulis mZime dazianebis riski (ix. Kurnaz and Others, citirebulia zemoT, � 56).
114. marto dapirispirebaSi monawileTa da daSavebulTa raodenobiT Tu vimsjelebT, udavoa, rom 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers moxda farTomasStabiani konfrontacia didi raodenobiT momitingesa da samarTaldamcvel pirs Soris, ra drosac orive mxarem masStabur Zaladobas mimarTa. Sesabamisad, garemoeba iTxovda gansakuTrebiT gulmodgined Seswavliliyo ara mxolod momitingeTa, aramed samarTaldamcvelTa Zaladobrivi qmedebebic. Tumca, mTavrobam Tavis werilobiT mimoxilvaSi aRniSna mxolod is, rom aucilebeli gaxda Zalis gamoyeneba momitingeTa misamarTiT, da ar warmoudgenia aranairi axsna-ganmarteba da dokumentacia, romliTac naTels mohfenda gamoyenebuli Zalis zust bunebasa da farglebs. mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia aranairi mtkicebuleba, romliTac aCvenebda, rom adgilobriv doneze raime saxis monitoringi ganxorcielda xelisuflebis organoTa qmedebebze. maT am incidentze ar warmoudgeniaT raime oficialuri angariSi, romelSic detalurad aRwerdnen movlenaTa Tanmimdevrobas, Seafasebdnen gamoyenebuli Zalis aucileblobasa da proporciulobas da gaaanalizebdnen nakleb Zaladobriv an araZaladobriv saSualebaTa gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas (an SeuZleblobas). maSin, roca sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba oficialurad daiwyo momitingeTa Zaladobrivi qmedebebis gamosaZieblad, sasamarTlosTvis mxareTa mier miwodebuli masalebidan bundovani rCeba sakiTxi, Catarda Tu ara amgvari oficialuri mokvleva samarTaldamcvel pirTa qmedebebze. winamdebare saqmesTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom aseTi mokvleva ganmcxadeblis individualur saCivarze dawyebul gamoZiebas metad efeqtians gaxdida da sagamoZiebo organoebs saSualebas miscemda, misi braldebebi
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saTanado konteqstSi ganexilaT. 115. sasamarTlo damatebiT aRniSnavs, rom mTavrobis argumentebi gan-
mcxadeblis dazianebis mizezebTan dakavSirebiT, ZiriTadad, Semoifargla erovnuli organoebis daskvnaTa gameorebiT. kerZod, isini amtkicebdnen, rom ganmcxadeblis wamoyenebulma braldebebma sandooba dakarges adgilobrivi gamoZiebis dros.
116. rac Seexeba ganmcxadeblis dazianebis mizezs, mTavroba amtkicebda, rom adgilobrivi samedicino eqspertebis daskvniT, is ar iyo policiis xelketiT miyenebuli. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mxareebi imazec ver Tanxmdebodnen, xelisuflebis organoebis mier daniSnulma samedicino eqspertebma ganmcxadebeli daaTvalieres Tu ara gancalkevebiT. maSin, roca, saqmis masalebSi aRniSnulia, rom ganmcxadebels ecnoba gamomZieblis gadawyvetileba pirvel samedicino eqspertizasTan dakavSirebiT, verc erTi samedicino eqspertizis angariSidan ver irkveva, eqspertebma orive SemTxvevaSi gancalkevebiT daaTvalieres ganmcxadebeli Tu ubralod daeyrdnen manamde arsebul mis samedicino Canawerebs. Tumca, am sakiTxis dadgena aucileblobas ar warmoadgens qvemoT naCvenebis fonze.
117. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom ganmcxadeblisTvis miyenebuli ziani da misi simZime damtkicebulia ganmcxadeblis 2003 wlis 16 da 17 oqtombris samedicino istoriebiT. erTaderTi aSkara mizani Semdgomi samedicino eqspertizebis moTxovnisa gaxldaT eqspertis azris mopoveba im sakiTxze, SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara am dazianebis mizezi policiis xelketis dartyma yofiliyo. sasamarTlo iTvaliswinebs, rom pirveli samedicino daskvna gamoica zianis miyenebidan cxra Tvis, meore ki erTi wlis Semdeg da, Sesabamisad, xuTi da rva Tvis mere ganmcxadeblis mier sisxlis samarTlis sarCelis Setanidan. ganmcxadeblisTvis am dagvianebebis mizezi aravis ucnobebia. sasamarTlo am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT imeorebs, rom samedicino mtkicebulebis droulad uzrunvelyofis sakiTxi erTerTi mniSvnelovani faqtoria arasaTanado mopyrobis faqtebze gamoZiebis efeqtianobis Sesafaseblad (ix. Mammadov, citirebulia zemoT, � 74).
118. sasamarTlo damatebiT aRniSnavs, rom pirvel samedicino saeqsperto daskvnas ar gamouricxavs is SesaZlebloba, rom dazianeba miyenebuli iyo ,,viwro formis myari blagvi sagniT... im garemoebebSi, romlebsac aRwerda ganmcxadebeli". sasamarTlo winamdebare daskvnas Semdegnairad xsnis _ dazianeba SesaZloa miyenebuliyo xelketiT. Tumca, saeqsperto daskvnis Tanaxmad, eqspertma ver SeZlo dazianebis mizezis ufro konkretulad Sefaseba, ris gamoc dainiSna meore eqspertiza.
119. mTavrobisa da adgilobrivi organoebis TqmiT, meore samedicino saeqsperto daskvnam calsaxad gamoricxa imis SesaZlebloba, rom dazianeba policiis xelketis dartymis Sedegi iyo. Tumca, sasamarTlom es mosazreba ar gaiziara. igi iTvaliswinebs, rom meore eqspertizis daskvna iZleva mokle da, amave dros, bundovan da arazust pasuxebs SekiTxvebze. kerZod, dazianebis Sedegebze angariSi ambobs, rom is iyo ,,misi travmis Sedegi", am travmis mizezis miTiTebis gareSe. metic, konkretul kiTxvaze _ ganmcxadeblis Tvalis konkretuli dazianeba SeiZleba Tu ara policiis xelketiT miyenebuliyo _ daskvna sakmaod bundovania da ambobs,
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rom ,,qalbatoni muradovas sxeulze ar aRmoCenila dazianeba, romelic tipuri iqneboda policiis xelketiT miyenebuli dazianebisa". Tumca, angariSSi es pasuxi dausabuTebelia da ar mtkicdeba samedicino saeqsperto mecnierebis safuZvelze gakeTebuli analiziTa Tu argumentaciiT. sasamarTlos azriT, amgvari dausabuTebuloba samedicino eqspertizis Catarebis mizans Zirs uTxris, eqspertizis daskvnas ki ukanonos xdis. am mizezTa gamo sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom eqspertizis meore daskvna ver CaiTvleba sando mtkicebulebad, romelic damajerebel axsnas iZleva ganmcxadeblis dazianebebze.
120. metic, mTavrobis argumentTan dakavSirebiT, rom ganmcxadebels SeeZlo ,,alternatiuli eqspertizis" moTxovna, sasamarTlo iTvaliswinebs, rom sisxlis samarTlos saproceso kodeqsis muxli 268.1.4 amgvar uflebas aniWebs mxolod sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulSi eWvmitanil an braldebul pirebs (ix. zemoT 65-e punqti). winamdebare saqmeSi ganmcxadebeli arc eWvmitanili iyo da arc braldebuli, Sesabamisad, mTavrobis argumenti uadgiloa. sasamarTlo aseve adgens, rom am argumentis gansamtkiceblad, mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia aranairi mtkicebuleba an dokumenti, romliTac aCvenebda Sesabamis dros ,,alternatiuli eqspertizis" Casatareblad saWiro saSualebaTa praqtikul xelmisawvdomobas. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani iqneboda im magaliTebis warmodgena, romlebSic amgvari eqspertizis daskvnebi sagamoZiebo organoebma sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebs daurTes, rogorc Zalis mqone samedicino saeqsperto mtkicebuleba. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom arasaTanado mopyrobis saqmeebSi sagamoZiebo organoebs _ da ara ganmcxadebels _ ekisrebaT valdebuleba, uzrunvelyon damoukidebeli da sando samedicino eqspertizis Catareba (ix. zemoT punqti 101).
121. sasamarTlo damatebiT xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom arsebuli samedicino Canawerebis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadebelma marjvena Tvalis areSi da quTuToze miiRo seriozuli dazianeba, romelic iyo myari blagvi sagnis dartymis Sedegi. SeuZlebelia imis mtkiceba, rom amgvari dazianebebi ver iqneboda xelketiT miyenebuli, Tu eqsperti sapirispiros Sesaxeb damajerebel argumentacias ar warmoadgenda, gamyarebuls samedicino saeqsperto mecnierebis Rrma codniT. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, winamdebare saqmeSi es ar momxdara. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom dazianebebi Tavisuflad SeiZleboda xelketis Cartymis Sedegad miyenebuliyo.
122. amas garda, ganmcxadebelma adgilobriv samoqalaqo procesze ori mowmis warmodgena SeZlo, romlebmac mis mier dayenebuli braldebebis gamamyarebeli Cvenebebi misces. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, sasamarTlo am mowmeTa CvenebebSi arsebiT SeuTavseblobas ver poulobs (ix. zemoT punqti 108). sasamarTlo agrZelebs, rom ganmcxadeblis sasargeblod dakiTxuli arc erTi mowme manamde sasamarTlos SecdomaSi SeyvanaSi ar mxilebula. adgilobrivi samarTalwarmoebisas ar damtkicebula, rom maTi Cvenebebi cru an damabneveli iyo, arc maTi piradi simtkice da sandooba dasmula kiTxvis niSnis qveS. sasamarTlo, iTvaliswinebs ra am yvelafers da, damatebiT, adgilobrivi sasamarTlos mier am mtkicebulebis Sefasebas, gancvifrebulia adgilobrivi sasamarTlos gadawyveti-
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lebaSi samarTlebrivi dasabuTebulobis naklebobiT da misi uunarobiT _ mowmeTa Cvenebebze raime Sefaseba warmoadginos winamdebare saqmeSi. samoqalaqo sasamarTlom mowmeTa gancxadebebi erTi winadadebiT ukuagdo, rogorc safuZvels moklebuli, mciredi analizis an sxvagvari axsnaganmartebis gareSe, Tu ratom ver gamodgeboda es Cvenebebi ,,safuZvlad" ganmcxadeblis braldebebis gasamyareblad (ix. zemoT punqti 53). mTavrobis argumenti, rom samoqalaqo saqmeebze mtkicebis sxva standartebi gamoiyeneba, ararelevanturi axsnaa imisa, ratom ar scada samoqalaqo sasamarTlom winamdebare saqmeSi faqtobriv garemoebaTa Seswavla da misi gadawyvetilebebi samarTlebrivad ratom ar daasabuTa.
123. mTavrobis argumentze, rom ganmcxadebelma ver SeZlo sisxlis samarTlis sagamoZiebo organoebis informireba am mowmeTa (kerZod, A.A.sa da G.G.-s) arsebobis Sesaxeb, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom samoqalaqo sarCelis ganxilva Catarda 2004 wlis 16 marts gamomZieblis mier ganmcxadeblis dakiTxvidan daaxloebiT sami Tvis Semdeg, ra droSic ganmcxadebels SeeZlo am mtkicebulebis arsebobis Sesaxeb Setyoba. metic, gamomZieblis mier winaswari dakiTxvis Semdeg ganmcxadebeli, savaraudod, ver axerxebda sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebaSi efeqtianad monawileobasa da damatebiT mtkicebulebaTa warmodgenas (ix. aseve punqtebi 130-131 qvemoT). sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom rogorc konvenciis me-2 muxlTan dakavSirebuli saqmeebis SemTxvevaSi, ra meTodebi an sagamoZiebo moqmedebebic unda iqnas gamoyenebuli adgilobriv doneze me-3 muxlTan dakavSirebul saCivrebTan mimarTebiT, rogorc ki am saqmis Sesaxeb Seityoben xelisuflebis organoebi, maT sakuTari iniciativiT unda imoqmedon da sagamoZiebo procedurebis Catarebaze pasuxismgebloba ganmcxadebels ar unda miandon (ix. mutatis mutatis, Gongadze v. Ukraine, # 34056/02, � 175, ECHR 2005 XI). winamdebare saqmeSi arsebul gansakuTrebul garemoebebSi, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom radgan ganmcxadebelma SeZlo damatebiTi mtkicebulebis warmodgena samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebisas, amiT man es faqti saxelmwifos Seatyobina. sasamarTlo iTvaliswinebs, rom rogorc mTavrobam aRniSna, samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 254.1.4 muxli moiTxovs, samoqalaqo sasamarTlom SeaCeros samarTalwarmoeba, Tu SeuZlebelia sarCelis ganxilva sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis (romelic am ganxilvas xels uSlis) dasrulebamde. Tumca, winamdebare saqmeSi sasamarTlom, faqtobrivad, gaagrZela sarCelis ganxilva da saqmis arsebiTad ganxilvis Semdeg gamoitana gadawyvetileba. samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis muxli 265.4-is Tanaxmad, Tu samoqalaqo sarCelis ganixlvisas sasamarTlo saqmis mxareTa an mesame pirTa qmedebebSi danaSaulis elementebs gamoavlens, unda gamoitanos specialuri dadgenileba (x�susi qrardad), romliTac sazogadoebriv prokurors informacias miawvdis. miuxedavad imisa, ganmcxadeblis samoqalaqo sarCelSi naTlad iyo naCvenebi, rom igi gaxda sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis msxverpli da samoqalaqo sasamarTlo informirebuli gaxldaT, rom am saqmeze sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba kvlav grZeldeboda, man mainc daarRvia samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis muxlebi 254.1.4. da 265.4. mTavrobas axsna-ganmarteba ar warmoudgenia imaze, Tu ratom ar gamoitana winamdebare saqmeze
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samoqalaqo sasamarTlom specialuri dadgenileba, romliTac sisxlis samarTlis sagamoZiebo organoebs ecnobebodaT inter alia saqmeSi axal mowmeTa arsebobis Sesaxeb.
124. metic, sasamarTlo iTvaliswinebs faqts, rom 2004 wlis 18 maiss mTavarma prokuraturam nazimis saqalaqo sasamarTlos Seatyobina, rom sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba mimdinareobda imave braldebebze, romlebic ganmcxadebelma samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebisas daayena. Sesabamisad, orive, rogorc samoqalaqo sasamarTlo, aseve sisxlis sagamoZiebo organoebi, informirebulni iyvnen, rom cal-calke ganixilavdnen saqmeebs erTi da imave arasaTanado mopyrobis braldebebze, Tumca, arc erTma ar gamoikiTxa, Tu riT dasrulda meore procesi. amgvari uyuradReboba gansakuTrebiT SemaSfoTebelia sagamoZiebo organoebis mxridan, romelTac evalebaT, yvela SesaZlo, gonivruli nabiji gadadgan arasaTanado mopyrobis braldebasTan dakavSirebuli yvela mtkicebulebis mosapoveblad (ix. Mammadov, citirebulia zemoT, � 74). gamomZiebels samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis Sedegi rom gamoekiTxa, Seityobda, rom ganmcxadebelma misi braldebebis gamamyarebeli axali mtkicebuleba warmoadgina.
125. adgilobrivi sagamoZiebo organoebis mxridan amgvari uyuradRebobis fonze, ganmcxadeblis mier gamomZieblisTvis A.A.-sa da G.G.-s CvenebaTa Seutyobinebloba mis winaaRmdeg ver gamoiyeneba, radgan rac man gaakeTa, sakmarisi iyo xelisuflebis Sesabamisma organoebma sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebisas saTanadod ar gaiTvaliswines mowmeTa es Cvenebebi, ramac didwilad ganapiroba gamoZiebis adaefeqturoba.
126. metic, sagamoZiebo organoebs ar ucdiaT, moeZebnaT da moesminaT im pirTa Cvenebebi, romlebic ganmcxadebelma naTlad moixsenia saxeliT an aRwerilobiT 2004 wlis 13 da 16 marts micemul CvenebebSi (ix. zemoT punqti 25). kerZod, man axsena I.G. (romelmac mogvianebiT aseve misca Cveneba samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebisas) da WaRara qalbatoni, romelic muSaobda #259 afTiaqSi. metic, marTalia ganmcxadebelma konkretulad aRniSna, rom igi afTiaqidan gadaiyvanes gadaudebeli daxmarebis saavadmyofoSi, sagamoZiebo organoebi ar dainteresdnen arc am saavadmyofos CanawerebiT 2003 wlis 16 oqtombris saswrafo gamoZaxebaTa Sesaxeb da arc im eqimebis, meddebisa da saswrafo daxmarebis manqanis mZRolis CvenebebiT, romlebmac im dRes ganmcxadebeli saavadmyofoSi gadaiyvanes. mTavrobas aranairi axsna-ganmarteba ar warmoudgenia, ratom ar gaakeTes zemoxsenebuli Sesabamisma organoebma. am mowmeTa Cvenebebs didi albaTobiT SeeZlo saTanado organoebis daxmareba ganmcxadeblis braldebaTa WeSmaritebis dadgenaSi.
127. amis nacvlad, sagamoZiebo organoebma TavianTi saqmianobis areali Semofargles sxva rva mowmis dakiTxviT, romlebic, sasamarTlos azriT, gansaxilvel incidentTan Zalian mcire, an saerTod aranair kavSirSi ar iyvnen. xelmisawvdomi dokumentebidan irkveva, rom es mowmeebi dakiTxes gansaxilveli incidentidan erTi wlis Semdeg da, amocnobis mizniT, maT ganmcxadeblis erTaderTi foto aCvenes.
128. am rva mowmeTagan eqvsi iyo 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers azadliqis moedanze myofi policieli. sxva ganmartebis miuTiTebloba gvafiqrebinebs, rom isini SemTxveviT SeirCnen im dRes azadliqis moedanze myof
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policielTa rigebidan. ar miTiTebula, am SemTxveviT SerCeul policielTa ra SesaZlo Cvenebebi SeiZleboda daxmareboda gamoZiebas saqmis faqtebis dasadgenad. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom am policielTa uaryofiTi Cvenebebi ar unda CaiTvalos Rirebulad, radgan ganmcxadeblis mimarT arasaTanado mopyrobis dadgeniT, am policielebsa da maT kolegebs sisxlis samarTlebrivi an sxva pasuxismgebloba daekisrebodaT (SeadareT saqmeebs Mammadov, citirebulia zemoT, � 75; Afanasyev v. Ukraine, # 38722/02, � 76, 5 aprili 2005; da Akko� v. Turkey, #22947/93 da #22948/93, � 89, ECHR 2000 X).
129. gamomZiebeli aseve daeyrdno mowmeebis _ A.V.-s da R.G.-s _ Cvenebebs, romlebmac Tavi #259 afTiaqis TanamSromlebad warmoadgines. maT ganmcxadeblis foto aCvenes, romelic ver amoicnes da ganacxades, rom 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers ganmcxadebeli afTiaqSi ar unaxavT. maTi Cvenebebi ewinaaRmdegeboda ganmcxadeblis versias da mowmeebis, A.A.-s, G.G.-sa da I.G.-s Cvenebebs. Tumca, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadebels ar mieca saSualeba, piradad dapirispireboda A.V.-sa da R.G.-s da maTi sandooba da Cvenebebis WeSmariteba gamoecada. metic, gamomZiebelma mowmeebi A.A. G.G. da I.G rom ar dakiTxa da ecada, epova da daekiTxa sxva mowmeebi (ix. zemoT punqti 126), gamoZiebas daukarga A.V.-sa da R.G.-s CvenebaTa SefasebiT miRebuli sargebeli, sxva bevri mowmis Cvenebebis fonze, romlebic amyarebdnen ganmcxadeblis braldebebs. am mizezTa gamo sasamarTlos seriozuli eWvebi aqvs A.V.-sa da R.G.-s CvenebaTa sandoobasTan dakavSirebiT da miiCnevs, rom isini aseve ar gamxdara seriozuli Seswavlis sagani.
130. metic, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom arsebobda sxva mravali faqtori, romlebmac xeli Seuwyo adgilobrivi samarTalwarmoebis araefeqtianobas da, amgvarad, eWvqveS daayena winamdebare saqmeze mTavrobis mier mowodebul axsna-ganmartebaTa WeSmariteba. kerZod, arasaTanado mopyrobis Sesaxeb seriozuli braldebebis miuxedavad, ganmcxadebels ,,danaSaulis msxverplis" statusi ar mianiWes, ramac sagrZnoblad SezRuda misi gamoZiebaSi monawileobisa da gamomZieblis qmedebaTa gasaCivrebis SesaZlebloba (ix. zemoT punqtebi 61-62). amasTanave, gamoZieba droSi Zalian gaiwela. sagamoZiebo organoebis mier daniSnuli saxelmwifo samedicino eqspertizebi gaugebrad didxans grZeldeboda. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, ar gadadgmula arc erTi efeqtiani nabiji incidentis garemoebebis gamosaZieblad da, miuxedavad amisa, cxra Tve gavida, vidre gamomZiebeli gamoZiebis Sewyvetas gadawyvetda.
131. dabolos, marTalia, mTavrobam warmoadgina gamomZieblis 2004 wlis 26 noembriT daTariRebuli werili, romliTac ganmcxadebels gamoZiebis Sewyvetas atyobinebda (ix. zemoT punqti 81), magram werils ar hqonda safosto marka da mTavrobas sxva aranairi mtkicebuleba ar wamouwevia imis saCveneblad, rom es werili, gamoZiebis Sewyvetis Taobaze 26 ivnisis gadawyvetilebasTan erTad, namdvilad gaegzavna an sxvagvarad Cabarda ganmcxadebels. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo adgens, rom ganmcxadebeli saTanadod ar yofila informirebuli am gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb. amgvar garemoebebSi, man dakarga SesaZlebloba, sasamarTlosTvis moeTxova am gadawyvetilebis kanonierebis gadasinjva, ra drosac igi
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inter alia ori samedicino eqspertizis daskvnaTa sandoobazec idavebda da gaasaCivrebda sagamoZiebo organoebis sxva Secdomebsac, maT Soris imas, rom maT ar moipoves arsebiTi mowmeebis Cvenebebi.
132. sasamarTlo iTvaliswinebs zemoxsenebuls da askvnis, rom adgilobrivma organoebma ver SeZles garemoebebis efeqtiani da damoukidebeli gamoZieba ganmcxadeblis mier 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers miRebul dazianebaTa irgvliv, da rom mTavrobis mier mowodebuli axsna-ganmarteba ver CaiTvleba sakmarisad da damajereblad. sasamarTlo, iTvaliswinebs ra ganmcxadeblis braldebebs, romlebic myardeba sakmaod Zlieri da SeTanxmebuli mtkicebulebiT, aseve imas, rom mTavrobam ver SeZlo sarwmuno axsna-ganmartebis warmodgena, adgens, rom ganmcxadeblis dazianebebi gamoiwvia policiis mier Zalis gamoyenebam, kerZod, daudgeneli policielis mier moqneuli xelketis Cartymam.
133. rac Seexeba sakiTxs, iyo Tu ara gadametebuli ganmcxadeblis mimarT gamoyenebuli Zala, sasamarTlo am sakiTxis Zireulad Sefasebis gareSe uSvebs, rom SesaZlebeli iyo xelisuflebis organoebis gamarTleba raRac zRvramde, wesrigis aRdgenis mizniT, amboxebuli momitingeebis winaaRmdeg garkveuli zomiT Zalis gamoyenebaSi. Tumca, winamdebare saqmis garemoebebSi, sasamarTlo mxolod im sakiTxze msjelobs, iyo Tu ara gadametebuli ganmcxadeblis mimarT gamoyenebuli Zala. amasTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia arc erTi argumenti, romelic axsnida an gaamarTlebda ganmcxadeblis winaaRmdeg gamoyenebul Zalas. ar arsebobs mtkicebuleba, romelic aCvenebda, rom ganmcxadebeli demonstraciisas ramenairad monawileobda Zaladobriv qmedebebSi. 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers igi ar daukavebiaT _ an daupatimrebiaT _ Sesabamisi organoebisTvis winaaRmdegobis gawevis gamo. incidentis dros igi cdilobda azadliqis moednis datovebas aSkara mizeziT _ safrTxe Tavidan aecilebina. ar arsebobs imis mimaniSnebeli informaciac, rom ganmcxadebelma Tavisi saqcieliT provocireba moaxdina an saWiro gaxada policiis mier masze Zalis gamoyeneba. Sesabamisad, ganmcxadeblis mimarT gamoyenebuli Zala ar iyo saWiroebiT ganpirobebuli da gadametebuli gaxldaT.
134. metic, sasamarTlo adgens, rom ganmcxadeblisTvis miyenebul dazianebebs mohyva Zlieri fizikuri tkivili da tanjva. es dazianebebi mis janmrTelobazec aisaxa _ igi samudamod dabrmavda marjvena TvaliT. arasaTanado mopyrobam da misma Sedegebma ganmcxadebels mniSvnelovani sulieri tanjvac miayena da misi Rirseba daaknina. amgvar garemoebebSi, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom arasaTanado mopyroba, romelzec ganmcxadebeli Cioda, aRwevs sisastikis minimalur zRvars _ me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT _ da unda CaiTvalos araaadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobad.
(iii) daskvna
135. sasamarTlo, zemoT, 131-e punqtSi gakeTebul daskvnebze dayrdnobiT, ukuagdebs mTavrobis argumentaciis nawils dacvis SidasamarTlebriv saSualebaTa amowurvis Sesaxeb da am sakiTxze imsjelebs arsebiT ganxilvaze. rac Seexeba arsebiT ganxilvas, sasamarTlo imeorebs Tavis
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
daskvnas, rom 2003 wlis 16 oqtombers ganmcxadebeli gaxda araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobis msxverpli da askvnis, rom ganmcxadeblis saCivris gamoZieba, zemoaRniSnuli sxvadasxva mizezis gamo, ver akmayofilebda konvenciis me-3 muxlis moTxovnebs.
136. maSasadame, dairRva konvenciis me-3 muxli, rogorc arsebiT, aseve procesualur nawilSi.
II. konvenciis me-6 da me-13 muxlebis savaraudo darRvevebi
137. ganmcxadebeli Cioda, rom adgilobrivi sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba araefeqtiani iyo, mis mier wamowyebuli samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoeba ki usamarTlo. igi amtkicebda, rom sasamarTloebi faqtebis Sefasebisas ar iyvnen obieqturni da reagireba ar moaxdines zianze, rac mas miadga policielis mier cemis Sedegad. igi eyrdnoboda konvenciis me-6 da, me-13 muxlebs.
138. konvenciis me-6 muxlis Tanaxmad:
,,samoqalaqo uflebaTa da movaleobaTa gansazRvrisas ... yvelas aqvs ... misi saqmis samarTliani ... ganxilvis ufleba ... sasamarTlos mier..."
139. konvenciis me-13 muxlSi vkiTxulobT:
,,yvelas, visac daerRva am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, unda hqondes samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualeba erovnuli xelisuflebisagan, Tundac es darRveva Caidinos pirma, romelic samsaxureobriv uflebamosilebas axorcielebda".
140. mxareTa argumentebi emTxveoda an arsebiTad msgavsi iyo maTi argumentebisa me-3 muxlis procesualur mxaresTan dakavSirebiT.
141. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom es saCivrebi ukavSirdeba zemoT ganxilul saCivars da, mis msgavsad, dasaSvebad unda gamocxaddes.
142. Tumca, me-3 muxlis procesualuri mxaris darRvevis Sesaxeb dadgenilebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romelic exeboda adgilobrivi sagamoZiebo organoebisa da sasamarTloebis mier warmoebuli gamoZiebis araefeqtianobas, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom konvenciis me-6 da me-13 muxlebi sxva damatebiT sakiTxebs ar wamoweven da adgens, rom saWiro ar aris am saCivrebis calke ganxilva.
III. konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba
143. konvenciis 41-e muxlis Tanaxmad:
,,Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom dairRva konvencia da misi oqmebi, xolo Sesabamisi maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTali darRvevis mxolod nawilobrivi gamosworebis SesaZleblobas iZleva,
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo dazaralebul mxares samarTlian dakmayofilebas miakuTvnebs".
A. ziani
144. ganmcxadebeli aramaterialuri zianis sanacvlod moiTxovda 850 000 axal azerbaijanul manaTs da miuTiTebda mis dazianebebsa da mxedvelobis dakargvis Sedegad gaCenil sulier SegrZnebebze, rogoricaa SiSi, SfoTva da nervuli aSliloba.
145. am moTxovnaze mTavrobas komentari ar gaukeTebia. 146. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom ganmcxadebelma udavod ganicada aramaterialuri ziani, romelic mxolod darRvevis dadgeniT ver anazRaurdeba. sasamarTlo aseve iTvaliswinebs im faqtsac, rom ganmcxadebelma gansakuTrebiT mZime dazianeba miiRo, rac mis janmrTelobaze mudmivad aisaxeba. saqmis konkretul garemoebebSi, samarTlianobis principze dayrdnobiT, sasamarTlo ganmcxadebels aniWebs 25 000 evros aramaterialuri zianis sanacvlod. amas daemateba nebismieri gadasaxadi, romliTac SeiZleba daibegros es Tanxa.
B. xarjebi da danaxarjebi
147. ganmcxadebeli damatebiT iTxovda 1800 axal azerbaijanul manaTs xarjebisa da danaxarjebis asanazRaureblad, erovnuli sasamarTloebisa da strasburgis sasamarTlos winaSe gaweuli xarjebisaTvis. es moTxovna ar iyo gamyarebuli raime dokumentiT.
148. am moTxovnaze mTavrobas komentari ar gaukeTebia. 149. sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTlis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadebels ufleba aqvs, miiRos anazRaureba xarjebisa da danaxarjebisaTvis mxolod im moculobiT, romliTac SeuZlia daadasturos, rom es xarjebi gaiRo realurad da aucileblobidan gamomdinare da gonivruli iyo Tavisi moculobiT. winamdebare saqmeSi im faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom ganmcxadebelma ver SeZlo raime dokumenturi dasabuTebis warmodgena, sasamarTlo uars ambobs ganmcxadeblis mier moTxovnili xarjebisa da danaxarjebis kompensaciaze.
C. sauravi
150. sasamarTlo Sesaferisad miiCnevs, rom sauravi ganisazRvros evropis centraluri bankis mier dadgenili minimaluri nixriT, rasac unda daematos Tanxis sami procenti.
muradova azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg
xsenebuli mizezebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo erTxmad
1. acxadebs ganacxads dasaSvebad;
2. adgens, rom konvenciis me-3 muxli dairRva rogorc arsebiT, aseve procesualur nawilSi;
3. adgens, rom saWiro ar aris konvenciis me-6 da me-13 muxlebis Tanaxmad saCivrebis calke ganxilva;
4. adgens,
(a) konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad, saboloo gadawyvetilebis miRebis dRidan 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadebels aramaterialuri zianis sanacvlod unda gadauxados 25 000 evros ekvivalenti axal azerbaijanul manaTebSi, gadaxdis dRes arsebuli kursiT. amas daemateba nebismieri gadasaxadi, romliTac SeiZleba daibegros es Tanxa.
(b) zemoxsenebuli samTviani vadis gasvlis Semdeg, Tanxis gadaxdamde, aRniSnul Tanxas daemateba sauravi im moculobiT, rac utoldeba evropuli bankis sesxisaTvis gankuTvnil minimalur procents, romelsac unda daematos samprocentiani ganakveTi.
5. uaryofs ganmcxadeblis moTxovnis danarCen nawils samarTlian dakmayofilebasTan dakavSirebiT.
Sesrulebulia inglisur enaze da gacxadebulia werilobiT 2009 wlis 2 aprils, sasamarTlos reglamentis 77-e muxlis me-2 da me-3 punqtebis Sesabamisad.
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qristos rozakisi Tavmjdomare
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© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 14.07.2026. · Źródło