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FIRST SECTION CASE OF KUSHTAYEV AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA (Applications nos. 24326/18 and 37 others – see appended list)           JUDGMENT         STRASBOURG 30 November 2023 This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Kushtayev and Others v. Russia, The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:  Péter Paczolay, President,  Gilberto Felici,  Raffaele Sabato, judges, and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 9 November 2023, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.  The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.  The Russian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.  The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.  The applicants complained of the disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies. They also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.  Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. JURISDICTION 6.  The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§ 68‑73, 17 January 2023). ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 11 OF THE CONVENTION 7.  The applicants complained principally of disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies, namely their arrest in relation to the dispersal of these assemblies and their conviction for administrative offences. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Article 11 of the Convention. 8.  The Court refers to the principles established in its case-law regarding freedom of assembly (see Kudrevičius and Others v. Lithuania [GC], no. 37553/05, ECHR 2015, with further references) and proportionality of interference with it (see Oya Ataman v. Turkey, no. 74552/01, ECHR 2006‑XIV, and Hyde Park and Others v. Moldova, no. 33482/06, 31 March 2009). 9.  In the leading cases of Frumkin v. Russia, no. 74568/12, ECHR 2016 (extracts), Navalnyy and Yashin v. Russia, no. 76204/11, 4 December 2014 and Kasparov and Others v. Russia, no. 21613/07, 3 October 2013, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 10.  Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion as to the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the interferences with the applicants’ freedom of assembly were not “necessary in a democratic society”. 11.  These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 12.  Some applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention and its Protocols, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. 13.  Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that these complaints also disclose violations of the Convention and its Protocols in the light of its findings in Butkevich v. Russia, no. 5865/07, §§ 63-65, 13 February 2018, Tsvetkova and Others v. Russia, nos. 54381/08 and 5 others, §§ 115-31, 10 April 2018, and Korneyeva v. Russia, no. 72051/17, §§ 34-36, 8 October 2019, as to various aspects of unlawful deprivation of liberty of organisers or participants of public assemblies; Karelin v. Russia, no. 926/08, §§ 58-85, 20 September 2016, concerning the absence of a prosecuting party in the proceedings under the Code of Administrative Offences (the CAO); Martynyuk v. Russia, no. 13764/15, §§ 38-42, 8 October 2019, relating to the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal against the sentence of administrative detention; Korneyeva, cited above, §§ 62-65 as to the right of organisers or participants of public assemblies not to be tried and punished twice for the same offence; and Elvira Dmitriyeva v. Russia, nos. 60921/17 and 7202/18, §§ 77‑90, 30 April 2019, concerning administrative convictions for making calls to participate in public events. REMAINING COMPLAINTS 14.  Some applicants raised further additional complaints under Article 6 of the Convention. In view of the findings in paragraphs 11 and 13 above, the Court considers that there is no need to deal separately with these remaining complaints. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 15.  Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see in particular Navalnyy and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 25809/17 and 14 others, § 22, 4 October 2022), the Court finds it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with the applicants’ complaints as they relate to facts that took place before 16 September 2022; Declares the complaints under Article 11 of the Convention and the other complaints under the well-established case-law of the Court, as set out in the appended table, admissible, and finds that there is no need to examine separately the remaining complaints under Article 6 of the Convention; Holds that there has been a breach of Article 11 of the Convention in respect of these applicants; Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention and the Protocols thereto as regards the other complaints raised under the well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table); Holds (a)  that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)  that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 30 November 2023, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.    Viktoriya Maradudina Péter Paczolay  Acting Deputy Registrar President     APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 11 of the Convention (disproportionate measures against organisers and participants of public assemblies) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth   Representative’s name and location Name of the public event Location Date Administrative offence Penalty Final domestic decision Court Name Date Other complaints under well-established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros)[1]     24326/18 08/05/2018 Taskali Kaliyevich KUSHTAYEV Yelanchik Oleg Aleksandrovich Moscow Protest rally   Moscow 05/11/2017     Article 19.3 § 1 of CAO       Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO 15 days of detention       fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 08/11/2017     Moscow City Court 16/04/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 05-07/11/2017 the applicant remained in detention after an offence report had been compiled;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in both sets of the administrative-offence proceedings;   Prot. 7 Art. 4 - right not to be tried or punished twice in criminal proceedings - overlap of the facts constituting the basis for the applicant’s prosecution and punishment in the second set of the proceedings with substantially the same facts underlying his conviction in the first set of the proceedings 5,000     37646/18 26/07/2018 Maksim Aleksandrovich ZHILIN Pershakova Yelena Yuryevna Moscow Rally to support A. Navalnyy   Perm 07/10/2017 Article 20.2 § 2 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Perm Regional Court 26/01/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 07-09/10/2017 escorting to and detention in a police station for and after compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 10 (1) - conviction for making calls to participate in public events (final decision on 26/01/2018 by Perm Regional Court)     4,000     38962/18 07/08/2018 Vladimir Sergeyevich ASTAFYEV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 07/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000     39066/18 07/08/2018 Vladislav Dmitriyevich ZHUKOV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 07/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000     39070/18 07/08/2018 Artemiy Sergeyevich KOROLEV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 07/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000     40393/18 14/08/2018 Anastasiya Andreyevna ANDREYEVA Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 1 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Volgograd Regional Court 21/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000     40573/18 18/07/2018 Yegor Olegovich RYABCHENKO Peredruk Aleksandr Dmitriyevich St Petersburg "Voters’ Strike" rally   St Petersburg 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 St Petersburg City Court 19/04/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500     41191/18 20/08/2018 Vladimir Mikhaylovich KRUGLYAKOV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 27/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000     41307/18 14/08/2018 Salavat Shamgunovich SABIROV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 21/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   41309/18 14/08/2018 Roman Olegovich ZAYTSEV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 1 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Volgograd Regional Court 21/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station from compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   42033/18 20/08/2018 Vladimir Stepanovich TELPUK Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018   Rally to support A. Navalnyy   Volgograd 31/01/2021 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO         Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000       fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 27/02/2018       Volgograd Regional Court 10/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 and 31/01/2021 escorting to and detention in a police station for and after compiling offence reports;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in two sets of the administrative-offence proceedings 5,000   42034/18 20/08/2018 Yelena Viktorovna SHEINA Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018   Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 27/02/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report 4,000   42073/18 24/05/2018 Aleksandr Valeryevich KOLODKA Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 01/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   42829/18 24/08/2018 Tatyana Alekseyevna KHOKHLOVA Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 5,000 Volgograd Regional Court 01/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   43204/18 28/08/2018 Sergey Viktorovich LYAKHOV Benyash Mikhail Mikhaylovich Sochi Rally to support A. Navalnyy   Krasnodar 07/10/2017   Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Krasnodar Regional Court 28/03/2018   3,500   43426/18 27/08/2018 Alena Nikolayevna KORNILKOVA Pershakova Yelena Yuryevna Moscow Rally to support A. Navalnyy   Perm 07/10/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 5,000 Perm Regional Court 27/02/2018   3,500   43942/18 05/09/2018 Mariya Mikhaylovna YEVTYUNINA Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 14/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   44286/18 03/09/2018 Vladimir Albertovich IVAKHNENKO Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius Rally to support A. Navalnyy   Rostov-on-Don 24/12/2017 Article 20.2  § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Rostov Regional Court 13/03/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500   44294/18 04/09/2018 Galina Alekseyevna ZABOLOTNEVA Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 14/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   44689/18 13/09/2018 Konstantin Sergeyevich DNEPROV Kholodtsova Inna Vadimovna Moscow Protest rally   Moscow 04/11/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 14/03/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500   45221/18 14/09/2018 Nikita Aleksandrovich VYSHKVARKA Yatsenko Irina Aleksandrovna Moscow Anticorruption rally   Moscow 12/06/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Moscow City Court 14/03/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500   45675/18 19/09/2018 Ivan Gennadyevich SMIRNOV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Volgograd 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Volgograd Regional Court 21/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings     4,000   45858/18 16/09/2018 Irina Ivanovna STRUBINA Yatsenko Irina Aleksandrovna Moscow Protest rally   Moscow 05/11/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 16/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 05/11/2017 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   45906/18 12/09/2018 Marina Frankovna NATAPOVA Prikhodina Yelizaveta Aleksandrovna Moscow Rally for freedom to political prisoners   Moscow 30/06/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 5,000 Moscow City Court 30/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 30/06/2017 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   46176/18 21/09/2018 Sergey Vladimirovich GALENKO Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius "Voters’ Strike" rally   Moscow 28/01/2018 Article 19.3 § 1 of CAO 7 days of detention Moscow City Court 22/03/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention – on 28-29/01/2018 detention in a police station after compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 6 (1) - and Art. 6 (3) (d) - unfair trial in view of restrictions on the right to examine witnesses - the right to examine police officers whose pre-trial statements or reports were used for convicting the applicant 5,000   46401/18 21/09/2018 Polina Aleksandrovna SIDELNIKOVA Valiulin Sergey Aleksandrovich Vladivostok "Voters’ Strike" rally   Vladivostok 28/01/2018     Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Primorye Regional Court 18/04/2018   3,500   46911/18 12/09/2018 Alisa Georgiyevna BORTNIK Pershakova Yelena Yuryevna Moscow Anticorruption rally   Perm 07/10/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO 20 hours of community work Perm Regional Court 12/03/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500   46939/18 19/09/2018 Timur Ramilyevich ISANBAYEV Chernyavskaya Andzhelika Viktorovna Oktyabrskiy Rally to support A. Navalnyy   Novosibirsk 30/09/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 5,000 Novosibirsk Regional Court 20/03/2018   3,500   47025/18 25/09/2018 Irina Vladimirovna KHOMYAKOVA Zubarev Dmitriy Vladimirovich Vladivostok "Voters’ Strike" rally   Vladivostok 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Primorye Regional Court 12/03/2018   (received not earlier than 25/03/2018)   3,500   47195/18 29/09/2018 Aleksandr Dmitriyevich YANTURAYEV Glukhov Aleksey Vladimirovich Novocheboksarsk "Voters’ Strike" rally   Ufa 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Supreme Court of the Bashkortostan Republic 02/04/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500   48410/18 01/10/2018 Sergey Pavlovich DERKACHEV Zubarev Dmitriy Vladimirovich Vladivostok "Voters’ Strike" rally   Vladivostok 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Primorye Regional Court 02/04/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500   48893/18 05/10/2018 Aleksandr Nikolayevich KHOTS Vlasov Aleksey Valeryevich Tula "Voters’ Strike" rally   Tula 28/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Tula Regional Court 04/04/2018   (received not earlier than 12/04/2018) Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 28/01/2018 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   49691/18 12/10/2018 Dmitriy Stanislavovich LAZAREV Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Protest rally   Moscow 08/10/2017 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 12/04/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 08/10/2017 escorting to a police station for compiling an offence report;    Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 4,000   49975/18 11/10/2018 Nadezhda Anatolyevna KOKOYEVA Glukhov Aleksey Vladimirovich Novocheboksarsk Opposition rally   Moscow 22/01/2018 Article 20.2 § 8 of CAO fine of RUB 300,000 Moscow City Court 12/04/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 7,400   49977/18 10/10/2018 Mark Yuryevich TUMANOV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius Opposition rally   Voronezh 05/05/2018 Article 19.3 § 1 of CAO 5 days of detention Voronezh Regional Court 18/06/2018 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - on 05-06/05/2018 detention in a police station for and after compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 5,000   50032/18 10/10/2018 Irina Georgiyevna SOTNIKOVA Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius Opposition rally   Voronezh 05/05/2018   Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 5,000 Voronezh Regional Court 19/06/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500   50051/18 10/10/2018 Mstislav Igorevich PISMENKOV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius Opposition rally   Tyumen 05/05/2018 Article 20.2 § 8 of CAO fine of RUB 200,000 Tyumen Regional Court 06/06/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 6,200   50053/18 10/10/2018 Artem Alekseyevich MAKHONOV Zhdanov Ivan Yuryevich Vilnius Opposition rally   Voronezh 05/05/2018 Article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Voronezh Regional Court 04/06/2018 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 3,500     [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.