28538/21;31672/21;32173/21;35193/21;36381/21;36397/21;36431/21;36452/21;36455/21;36755/21;36887/21;36925/21;36938/21;36980/21;36995/21;37668/21;37845/21;37871/21;38171/21;38193/21;38868/21;38924/21

FIRST SECTION CASE OF BIREV AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA (Applications nos. 28538/21 and 21 others – see appended list)           JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG 18 January 2024       This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.   In the case of Birev and Others v. Russia, The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:  Péter Paczolay, President,  Gilberto Felici,  Raffaele Sabato, judges, and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 14 December 2023, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.  The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.  The Russian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.  The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.  The applicants complained of the disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies. They also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.  Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. JURISDICTION 6.  The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§ 68‑73, 17 January 2023). ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 11 OF THE CONVENTION 7.  The applicants complained principally of disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies, namely their arrest in relation to the dispersal of these assemblies and their conviction for administrative offences. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Article 11 of the Convention. 8.  The Court refers to the principles established in its case-law regarding freedom of assembly (see Kudrevičius and Others v. Lithuania [GC], no. 37553/05, ECHR 2015, with further references) and proportionality of interference with it (see Oya Ataman v. Turkey, no. 74552/01, ECHR 2006‑XIV, and Hyde Park and Others v. Moldova, no. 33482/06, 31 March 2009). 9.  In the leading cases of Frumkin v. Russia, no. 74568/12, ECHR 2016 (extracts), Navalnyy and Yashin v. Russia, no. 76204/11, 4 December 2014, and Kasparov and Others v. Russia, no. 21613/07, 3 October 2013, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 10.  Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion as to the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the interferences with the applicants’ freedom of assembly were not “necessary in a democratic society”. 11.  These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 12.  Some applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention and its Protocols, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. 13.  Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that these complaints also disclose violations of the Convention and its Protocols in the light of its findings in Svinarenko and Slyadnev v. Russia [GC], nos. 32541/08 and 43441/08, §§ 122-139, ECHR 2014 (extracts), concerning placement of applicants in a metal cage in courtrooms ; Lashmankin and Others v. Russia, nos. 57818/09 and 14 others, § 489, 7 February 2017, Butkevich v. Russia, no. 5865/07, §§ 63-65, 13 February 2018, Tsvetkova and Others v. Russia, nos. 54381/08 and 5 others, §§ 115-31, 10 April 2018, and Korneyeva v. Russia, no. 72051/17, §§ 34-36, 8 October 2019, as to various aspects of unlawful deprivation of liberty of organisers or participants of public assemblies; Karelin v. Russia, no. 926/08, §§ 58-85, 20 September 2016, concerning the absence of a prosecuting party in the proceedings under the Code of Administrative Offences (the CAO); and Martynyuk v. Russia, no. 13764/15, §§ 38-42, 8 October 2019, relating to the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal against the sentence of administrative detention. REMAINING COMPLAINTS 14.  Some applicants raised further additional complaints under the Convention. In view of the findings in paragraph 13 above, the Court considers that there is no need to deal separately with these remaining complaints. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 15.  Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see in particular Navalnyy and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 25809/17 and 14 others, § 22, 4 October 2022), the Court finds it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with these applications as they relate to facts that took place before 16 September 2022; Declares the complaints under Article 11 of the Convention and the other complaints under the well-established case-law of the Court, as set out in the appended table, admissible, and finds that there is no need to examine separately the remaining complaints raised by the applicants under the Convention; Holds that these complaints disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention; Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention and the Protocols thereto as regards the other complaints raised under the well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table); Holds (a)  that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)  that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 18 January 2024, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.    Viktoriya Maradudina Péter Paczolay  Acting Deputy Registrar President     APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 11 of the Convention (disproportionate measures against organisers and participants of public assemblies) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth   Representative’s name and location Name of the public event Location Date Administrative charges (code of administrative proceedings, CAO) Penalty Final domestic decision Court Name Date Other complaints under well-established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non‑pecuniary damage and costs and expenses (in euros)[1]     28538/21 02/06/2021 Nikolay Valeryevich BIREV Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Moscow City Court 30/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 2.22 p.m. to 8.30 p.m. on 31/01/2021,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 30/03/2021.   4,000     31672/21 07/06/2021 Roman Igorevich MAKSIMOV     Rally against rise of public transport ticket price   St Petersburg 10/11/2019     Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Velikiy Novgorod 23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 2 of CAO             article 20.2 § 8 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000             administrative detention of 8 days St Petersburg City Court 08/12/2020           Novgorod Regional Court 04/02/2021 Art. 3 - use of metal cages and/or other security arrangements in courtrooms – placement of the applicant in a metal cage during the hearing before the Basmannyy District Court of Moscow on 11/05/2022,   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”: - from 2.30 p.m. on 29/01/2021 to 10.50 a.m. on 31/01/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case, - from 4.00 p.m. on 29/04/2021 to 01/05/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decisions: St Petersburg City Court, 08/12/2020, and Novgorod Regional Court, 04/02/2021 and 06/05/2021,   Art. 10 (1) - conviction for making calls to participate in public events - calls, on 20/04/2021, on internet, for support of Mr A. Navalnyy scheduled for 21/04/2021 in Velikiy Novgorod, conviction under art. 20.2 § 8 of the CAO, 15 days of administrative detention. Final decision: Novgorod Regional Court, 06/05/2021. 9,750     32173/21 11/06/2021 Aleksey Georgiyevich ZAYTSEV Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy     Moscow 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Moscow City Court 16/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 5.50 p.m. on 31/01/2021 to 9.30 a.m. on 01/02/2021; the applicant spent more than 5 hours in the police van,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 16/03/2021   5,000     35193/21 18/06/2021 Aleksey Aleksandrovich STEPANOV     Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 17/01/2021   Rally against the war in Ukraine   Moscow 24/02/2022 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO         article 20.2 § 8 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000         administrative detention of 10 days Moscow City Court 14/04/2021       Moscow City Court 04/03/2022 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”: - from 7.45 p.m. on 17/01/2021 to 2.30 a.m. on 18/01/2021, while the said record had been drawn only on 27/01/2021, - from 7.50 p.m. on 24/02/2022 to 4.55 p.m. on 25/02/2023, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decisions: Moscow City Court, 14/04/2021 and 04/03/2022,    Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant by the court of first instance was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO. 5,000     36381/21 30/06/2021 Aleksandr Viktorovich SHAPOVALOV Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Moscow City Court 21/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 10.30 a.m. to 5.15 p.m. on 02/02/2021,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 21/05/2021. 4,000     36397/21 25/06/2021 (3 applicants) 1) Pavel Pavlovich BORODETSKIY   2) Andrey Mikhaylovich IVASHEV   3) Dmitriy Vladimirovich KUDASHEV Mezak Ernest Aleksandrovich Saint-Barthélemy-d’Anjou Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Syktyvkar 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 for each applicant Supreme Court of the Komi Republic, 31/03/2021, 17/03/2021 and 24/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, on 31/01/2021: - from 1.30 p.m. to 09.00 p.m. (1st applicant), - from 2.00 p.m. to 10.00 p.m. (2nd applicant), - from 1.25 p.m. to 9.35 p.m. (3rd applicant),   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decisions: Supreme Court of the Komi Republic, 31/03/2021, 17/03/2021 and 24/03/2021. 4,000, to each applicant     36431/21 30/06/2021 Oleg Aleksandrovich VTOROY Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 9 days Moscow City Court 04/02/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 10.45 p.m. on 02/02/2021 to 2.00 p.m. on 03/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 04/02/2021,   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - The sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant on 03/02/2021 was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO 5,000     36452/21 30/06/2021 Aleksandr Vasylovich AYUPOV Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 2 days Moscow City Court 04/02/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 10.40 p.m. on 02/02/2021 to 2.00 p.m. on 03/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 04/02/2021,   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO. 5,000     36455/21 30/06/2021 Ivar Askarovich TUGANBAYEV Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 7 days Moscow City Court 30/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances, from 11.30 p.m. on 02/02/2021 to 2.20 p.m. on 04/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case; the applicant spent 2h 10 in the police van; he was not released after the record had been compiled,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 30/03/2021,   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO. 5,000   36755/21 13/07/2021 Danil Andreyevich MATVEYEV Markin Konstantin Aleksandrovich Velikiy Novgorod Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Velikiy Novgorod 23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO community works of 20 hours Novgorod Regional Court 04/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - Escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 3.50 p.m. to 9.20 p.m. on 23/01/2021,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Novgorod Regional Court, 04/03/2021. 5,000   36887/21 05/07/2021 Nikolay Sergeyevich ANDRIYUK Zatonskaya Yuliya Vladimirovna Lipetsk Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Lipetsk 23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Lipetsk Regional Court 25/02/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 3.00 p.m. to 11.00 p.m. on 23/01/2021,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Lipetsk Regional Court, 25/02/2021. 4,000   36925/21 05/07/2021 Igor Anatolyevich ZHULIMOV     Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Penza 23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 2 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Penza Regional Court 17/06/2021   4,000   36938/21 16/07/2021 Danila Alekseyevich KLYUYEV Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 30/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 1.37 p.m. on 23/01/2021 to 00.10 a.m. on 24/01/2021; the applicant spent more than 5 hours in the police van,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 30/03/2021.   4,000   36980/21 16/07/2021 Omar Igorevich KHARCHILAVA Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Rostov-on-Don 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Rostov Regional Court 07/04/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 2.30 p.m. on 31/01/2021 to 2.00 p.m. 01/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Rostov Regional Court, 07/04/2021 4,000   36995/21 16/07/2021 Anton Aleksanrovich BUYDALIN Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 7 days Moscow City Court 18/02/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 12.15 a.m. on 31/01/2021 to 8.30 p.m. on 01/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case; the applicant spent 3 hours in the police van,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 18/02/2021,   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant by the court of first instance was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO. 5,000   37668/21 27/06/2021 Daniel Edmundo VERDUGO NOSOV Bochilo Anna Yevgenyevna Barnaul Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 24/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence, from 4.30 p.m. to 6.30 p.m. on 23/01/2021, while the said record was drawn up only on 26/01/2021,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 24/03/2021. 4,000   37845/21 09/07/2021 Nikita Ruslanovich STARCHENKOV Antokhin Yevgeniy Vyacheslavovich Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 5 days Moscow City Court 10/03/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 3.00 p.m. on 31/01/2021 to 02/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 10/03/2021,   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO. 5,000   37871/21 13/07/2021 Aleksey Yanovich KLIMOVICH Aksenova Darya Dmitriyevna Kolomna Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 14 days Moscow City Court 12/02/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from on 3.00 p.m. on 31/01/2021 to 01/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 12/02/2021. 5,000   38171/21 16/07/2021 Oleg Leonidovich KONONENKO Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Vladivostok 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO community works of 30 hours Primorye Regional Court 27/04/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 1.30 p.m. to 7.10 p.m. on 31/01/2021,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Primorye Regional Court, 27/04/2021 4,000   38193/21 14/07/2021 Aleksandr Sergeyevich ZAKHAROV Pershakova Yelena Yuryevna Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 15 days Moscow City Court 03/02/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 5.15 p.m. on 31/01/2021 to 01/02/2021,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 12/02/2021,   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO 5,000   38868/21 18/07/2021 Yefim Nikolayevich TARASENKO Aksenova Darya Dmitriyevna Kolomna Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 10 days Moscow City Court 06/04/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 11.40 p.m. on 02/02/2021 to 03/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 06/04/2021 5,000   38924/21 22/07/2021 Anton Yevgenyevich METAKOVSKIY Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally in support of Mr A. Navalnyy   Moscow 31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO administrative detention of 13 days Moscow City Court 09/02/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty: escorting to a police station for the purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence; detention in excess of 3 hours and without “exceptional circumstances”, from 1.30 p.m. on 31/01/2021 to 1.15 p.m. on 01/02/2021, hearing in the applicant’s administrative-offence case,   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings - final decision: Moscow City Court, 09/02/2021,   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO.   5,000     [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.