Legal AI41088/05
WyrokETPCz2006-07-11ECLI:CE:ECHR:2006:0711JUD004108805
Analiza orzeczenia
Sekcja wygenerowana przez AI na podstawie treści orzeczenia — nie stanowi cytatu.
Zagadnienie prawne
Czy złe traktowanie przez policję, brak odpowiedniej opieki medycznej w areszcie, brak skutecznego śledztwa, nielegalne pozbawienie wolności oraz utrudnianie kontaktu z prawnikami i lekarzem naruszyły art. 3, art. 5 ust. 1 i 3 oraz art. 34 Konwencji?Ratio decidendi
Trybunał uznał, że państwo nie obaliło domniemania złego traktowania skarżącego w areszcie, co doprowadziło do urazów. Stwierdzono również brak odpowiedniej opieki medycznej, zwłaszcza w kontekście opóźnionej diagnozy i leczenia zaburzeń psychicznych. Śledztwo w sprawie zarzutów złego traktowania było nieskuteczne i nie niezależne. Areszt skarżącego po 23 lipca 2005 r. był nielegalny z powodu braku ważnego postanowienia sądowego, a sądy krajowe nie przedstawiły wystarczających powodów do utrzymania aresztu. Ponadto, przepisy krajowe uniemożliwiały zwolnienie za kaucją osobom oskarżonym o poważne przestępstwa. Odmowa dostępu prawników i niezależnego lekarza do skarżącego oraz jego dokumentacji medycznej stanowiła utrudnianie prawa do skargi indywidualnej.Stan faktyczny
Skarżący, Nicolae Boicenco, został aresztowany 20 maja 2005 r. w Mołdawii pod zarzutem oszustwa. W momencie aresztowania był zdrowy, ale po przewiezieniu na posterunek policji stracił przytomność i został przewieziony do szpitala, gdzie zdiagnozowano u niego uraz głowy i wstrząs mózgu, a później zaburzenia psychiczne. Skarżący twierdził, że został pobity przez policję. Pomimo jego poważnego stanu zdrowia, areszt był przedłużany bez wystarczających uzasadnień, a po 23 lipca 2005 r. był utrzymywany bez ważnego postanowienia sądowego. Władze odmawiały jego prawnikom i niezależnemu lekarzowi dostępu do niego i jego dokumentacji medycznej, co utrudniało przygotowanie skargi do ETPCz.Rozstrzygnięcie
Trybunał jednogłośnie: stwierdza dopuszczalność skargi; stwierdza naruszenie art. 3 Konwencji z powodu nieludzkiego i poniżającego traktowania 20 maja 2005 r.; stwierdza naruszenie art. 3 Konwencji z powodu braku odpowiedniej opieki medycznej od 20 maja do 20 września 2005 r.; stwierdza naruszenie art. 3 Konwencji z powodu braku skutecznego śledztwa w sprawie zarzutów złego traktowania przez policję; stwierdza naruszenie art. 5 ust. 1 Konwencji z powodu pozbawienia wolności bez podstawy prawnej od 23 lipca do 23 grudnia 2005 r.; stwierdza naruszenie art. 5 ust. 3 Konwencji z powodu niewystarczających powodów do aresztu od 23 maja do 23 lipca 2005 r.; stwierdza naruszenie art. 5 ust. 3 Konwencji, ponieważ art. 191 kodeksu postępowania karnego uniemożliwiał zwolnienie skarżącego na czas trwania postępowania; stwierdza, że państwo pozwane nie wypełniło swoich zobowiązań wynikających z art. 34 Konwencji; nakazuje państwu pozwanemu zapewnienie adwokatom i lekarzom skarżącego natychmiastowego i nieograniczonego dostępu do niego oraz jego dokumentacji medycznej; zasądza skarżącemu 40 000 EUR z tytułu szkody niemajątkowej oraz 6 823 EUR z tytułu kosztów i wydatków; odracza rozstrzygnięcie w kwestii szkody majątkowej.Pełny tekst orzeczenia
adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo
meoTxe seqcia
saqme boicenko moldovas winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi no. 41088/05) gadawyvetileba strasburgi 2006 wlis 11 ivlisi
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saqmeze boicenko modlovas winaaRmdeg, adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom (meoTxe seqcia), romlis palatam Semdegi SemadgenlobiT:
ser nikolas bratca, Tavmjdomare, b-ni j. kasadevali, b-ni j. bonello, b-ni m. pellonpaa, b-ni k. traia, b-ni s. pavlovCi, b-ni j. sikuta, mosamarTleebi, da b-ni T.l. elri, seqciis registratori, 2006 wlis 20 ivniss ganmartoebiT iTaTbira, gamoaqvs Semdegi gadawyvetileba, romelic miiRo amave dRes:
procedura
1. saqmes safuZvlad daedo ganacxadi (no. 41088/05) moldovis respublikis winaaRmdeg, romelic 2005 wlis 16 noembers Seitana sasamarTloSi adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa konvenciis (`konvencia~) 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad nikolae boicenkom (`ganmcxadebeli~).
2. ganmcxadebels warmoadgens b-ni vitali nagacevCi da b-ni vladislav gribincea, advokatebi, romlebic ewevian praqtikas CiSinauSi da romlebic arian arasamTavrobo organizaciis `advokatebi adamianis uflebebisaTvis~ wevrebi. moldovas mTavrobas (`mTavroba~) warmoadgens misi agenti, b-ni vitali parlogi.
3. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom is gaeqvemdebara sastik mopyrobas policiis mxridan da, rom xelisuflebas ar Cautarebia am SemTxvevis adekvaturi gamoZieba, rac arRvevs me-3 muxls. is aseve Civis patimrobis dros saTanado samedicino momsaxurebis ararsebobaze da Tavisuflebis uflebis darRvevaze, rac ganmtkicebulia konvenciis me-5 muxliT. is aseve Civis, rom erovnulma xelisuflebam mas xeli SeuSala, evropul sasamarTloSi saqmis SetanaSi, rac gaTvaliswinebulia 34-e muxliT.
4. ganacxadi gadaeca meoTxe seqcias. 2005 wlis 13 dekembers am seqciis palatam gadawyvita, rom Seetyobinebina mTavrobisaTvis ganacxadis Sesaxeb. konvenciis 29-e muxlis me-3 punqtis debulebaTa Sesabamisad, man gadawyvita, ganexila ganacxadis arsebiTi mxare mis dasaSvebobasTan erTad. ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobis mZime mdgomareobis gamo man aseve gadawyvita, mieniWebina prioriteti saqmisaTvis, rac ganmtkicebulia sasamarTlos reglamentis 41-e wesiT.
5. rogorc ganmcxadebelma, ise mTavrobam waradgina mosazrebebi arsebiT mxaresTan mimarTebiT (59-e wesis 1-li punqti).
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faqtebi
I. saqmis garemoebebi
6. ganmcxadebeli daibada 1961 wels da cxovrobs CiSinauSi.
1. ganmcxadeblis dakaveba da misi momdevno samedicino mdgomareoba
7. 2005 wlis 20 maiss ganmcxadebeli daakava ekonomikuri danaSaulisa da korufciis winaaRmdeg mebrZolma centrma, TaRliTobis CadenisaTvis eWvis gamo (edkmc).
8. misi dakavebis dros mis normalur fizikur mdgomareobas ar etyoboda aSkara anomalia. samedicino saqmis Tanaxmad, romelic daTariRebulia 2005 wlis martiT, ganmcxadebeli iwonida 133 kilograms.
9. im policielTa mier 2005 wlis 21 maiss Sedgenili angariSebis mixedviT, romlebmac is daakaves, ganmcxadebeli Seecada gaqcevas, miayena maT sityvieri Seuracxyofa da winaaRmdegobis gawevasac ki Seecada, pistoletis xelis davlebis mcdelobiT, romelic mas hqonda da misTvis wardgenili dakavebis orderis gadagdebis gziT. am angariSebidan ar Cans, rom raime Zala iqna gamoyenebuli ganmcxadeblis mimarT an, rom is raimenairad dazianda dakavebis dros. ganmcxadebeli uaryobs, rom man dakavebisas winaaRmdegoba gaswia.
10. policiis angariSebidan Cans, rom ganmcxadebeli daakaves daaxlovebiT saRamos 6 saaTsa da 45 wuTze. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom is daakaves saRamos 4 saaTsa da 30 wuTze.
11. ganmcxadeblis mxare amtkicebs, rom edkmc-s SenobaSi misi miyvanis Semdeg is scemes policiis TanamSromlebma, ris Sedegad man dakarga goneba. mTavroba uaryofs amas.
12. samedicino daskvnis mixedviT, romelic amave dRes, saRamos 8 saaTsa da 34-e wuTze Seadgina edkmc-is eqimma, ganmcxadebeli ugono mdgomareobaSi iyo. daskvnaSi eqimma aRniSna, rom, policiis TanamSromlebis TqmiT, man dakarga goneba `Zlieri sulieri aRelvebis gamo~, da rekomendacia gauwia, rom ganmcxadebeli moenaxulebina kardiologs. daskvnidan ar Cans, rom ganmcxadebeli ramenairad dazianda dakavebis dros.
13. erT-erTma mis advokatma ganmcxadebeli ixila daaxlovebiT saRamos 10 saaTsa da 20 wuTze edkmc-Si da aRniSna dakavebis oqmSi (proces verbal de reinere), romelic misi TandaswrebiT policiis TanamSromlebma Seadgines, rom ganmcxadebeli ugono mdgomareobaSi iyo. advokatis TxovniT gamoiZaxes saswrafo daxmareba saRamos 11 saaTsa da 37-e wuTze, xolo 2005 wlis 21 maisis dilis 1 saaTsa da
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30 wuTze ganmcxadebeli, jer kidev ugono mdgomareobaSi, waiyvanes kardiologiur saavadmyofoSi..
14. kardiologiuri saavadmyofos samedicino Canawerebidan Cans, rom ganmcxadebeli gonebaze movida mas Semdeg, rac is iq moaTavses, magram ar aris naTeli rodis moxda es. samedicino Canawerebis Sesabamisad, mas awuxebda maRali arteriuli wneva da gaurkveveli warmomavlobis SfoTvis sindromi. ganmcxadebeli ar pasuxobda kiTxvebs da araferze reagirebda. mas aseve awuxebda Tavis tkivilebi da Rebineba. samedicino saqmeSi ar aris informacia hospitalizaciis dros misi wonis Taobaze. eqimebda rekomendacia misces, inter alia, rom ganmcxadebels Cautardes Tavis tvinis skanireba, raTa gamoiricxos ganmcxadeblis celebraluri dartymis SesaZlebloba. eqimebma daaskvnes, rom saboloo diagnozis dasma SesaZlebeli gaxdeba mxolod mas Semdeg, rac Catardeba moxseniebuli gamokvlevebi.
15. 2005 wlis 24 maiss ganmcxadebeli gadaiyvanes cixis saavadmyofoSi. 2005 wlis 25 maiss ganmcxadebeli moinaxula nevrologma, romelmac aRniSna samedicino saqmeSi, rom 2005 wlis 20 maiss mas awuxebda Tavis travma, rasac mohyva gonebis dakargva. nevrologma gasca rekomendacia, Catarebuliyo samedicino mkurnalobis sxvadasxva forma, magram ar gauwia rekomendacia, Catarebuliyo Tavis tvinis skanireba. 2005 wlis 26 maiss eqimma samedicino saqmeSi miuTiTa, rom ganmcxadebels hqonda tkivili filtvebis midamoebSi da wiTeli feris Sardi. 2005 wlis 2 ivniss ganmcxadebeli Seamowma saavadmyofos ufrosi eqimebisagan Semdgarma komisiam, romelmac daadgina, inter alia, Tavis Zlieri tramvis da Seryevis diagnozi da gauwia rekomendacia, inter alia, rom ganmcxadebels gaevlo fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva. 2005 wlis 7 ivniss eqimma gaakeTa Sesabamisi Canaweri samedicino saqmeSi, rom ganmcxadebeli dauyovnebliv saWiroebs mkurnalobas, magram arcerTi ar ganxorcielebula.
16. 2005 wlis 1 seqtembramde ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda cixis saavadmyofoSi, rodesac is gadaiyvanes cixeSi TxuTmeti dRiT, misi fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi Semdgomi gadayvanis mizniT. samedicino Canawerebis mixedviT, cixis saavadmyofoSi misi yofnisas is arasodes amdgara sawolidan. is Tavad ver ikvebeboda da mas momsaxure samedicino personali kovziT kvebavda Txevadi sakvebiT. is ar gadioda sapirfareSoSi, xolo iyenebda higienur baliSs, romelsac ganavlis mZafri suni hqonda. iSviaT SemTxvevebSi is pasuxobda eqimis kiTxvebs Zalian dalab xmaze an iyenebda Jestebs, romliTac miuTiTebda Tavis tkivilebze da tkivilze filtvebis midamoebSi. misi Sardi iyo wiTeli feris. umravles dros is ar reagirebda raime kiTxvebze da Tvalebi daxuWuli hqonda. xuTjer mainc 2005 wlis maisisa da agvistos ganmavlobaSi samedicino personalma warudgina xelmZRvanelebs werilobiTi informacia, rom
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misi mdgomareobis gamo, ganmcxadebels ar SeeZlo wamlebis gadaylapva. Svidjer mainc eqimebda samedicino saqmeSi miuTiTes, rom ganmcxadeblis mdgomareoba iyo damakmayofilebeli. ramdenjerme eqimebma dauSves samedicino saqmeSi, rom ganmcxadeblis mdgomareoba yalbi iyo.
17. ramdenjerme 2005 wlis maissa da seqtembers Soris ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma da misma meuRlem moiTxova, rom damoukidebeli eqimi SeeSvaT ganmcxadebelTan, magram maT ar miuRiaT pasuxi.
18. cixis saavadmyofoSi ganmcxadeblis yofnisas, misma meuRlem mxolod erTxel SeZlo misi monaxuleba, 2005 wlis 5 ivliss, 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi. mis dedas ar mieca neba, moenaxulebina is. erTxel man miwera werili buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos da cixis saavadmyofos da Txova, inter alia, misi suraTi; Tumca mas ar miuRia pasuxi.
19. 2005 wlis 1 agvistos cixis saavadmyofos mTavarma eqimma gasca rekomendacia, rom Catarebuliyo ganmcxadeblis fsiqiatriuli Semowmeba, raTa `daedasturebinaT an gamoericxaT simulacia~. 2005 wlis 3 agvistos buiukanis raionulma sasamarTlom gasca brZaneba ganmcxadeblis sasamarTlo-samedicino da fsiqiatriul gamokvleva.
20. 2005 wlis 18 da 30 agvistosa da 6 da 13 seqtembers ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma da mis meuRlem TxovniT mimarTa buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos da iusticiis saministros, rom ganmcxadebeli gadaeyvanaT fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi da, rom daeCqarebinaT fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva. isini amtkicebdnen, inter alia, rom mkafio diagnozis ararsebobis gamo, SeuZlebeli iyo am droisaTvis Sesabamisi samedicino mkurnaloba. ganmcxadeblis meuRlem aseve SesTavaza mis tranportirebasTan, Semowmebasa da samedicino mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli yvela xarjis dafarva. am Txovnebze pasuxi ar miRebula.
21. sasamarTlos 2005 wlis 3 agvistos brZanebis Sedegad, ganmcxadebels Cautarda sami samedicino gamokvleva. sasamarTlosamedicino gamokvleva Catarda 2005 wlis 28 agvistos da eqimebi daskvnaSi miuTiTebdnen, inter alia:
`2005 wlis 20 maiss ganmcxadebels awuxebda Tavis travma gonebis dakargviT.
hospitalizaciis dros mas awuxebda Tavis tkivilebi, Tavbrusxvevebi da Suilebi TavSi, Rebineba da daRliloba ... tkivili welis midamoSi ...
diagnozi: Tavis mwvave travma, saSualo simZimis Seryeva ...
ganmcxadeblis sxeulze ar yofila aRmoCenili xilvadi dazianebebi arc [kardiologiur saavadmyofoSi da arc cixis saavadmyofoSi] misi yofnis ganmavlobaSi; miuxedavad amisa, dadginda, rom mas awuxebda Tavis travma.
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2005 wlis 23 maiss, kardiologiuri saavadmyofos eqimebma daadgines centraluri nervuli sistemis aSliloba, romlis warmomavloba ver dadginda Tanamedrove klinikuri gamokvlevebis SeuZleblobis gamo (magnituri rezonansi, tvinis skanireba), da Sedegad, SeuZlebeli iyo adekvaturi samedicino mkurnalobis daniSvna.
2005 wlis 20 maissa da 2005 wlis 1 seqtembers Soris eqimebis mier gakeTebuli samedicino Canawerebis mixedviT, aSkaraa, rom am periodis ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadebels ar SeeZlo aqtiuri monawileoba mieRo sisxlissamarTlebriv gamoZiebaSi.~
22. 2005 wlis 20 seqtembers Catarda fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva. Tumca, buiukanis raionulma sasamarTlom miiCnia daskvna arasrulyofilad da gasca brZaneba damatebiTi gamokvlevis Catarebis Sesaxeb, romelic Sedga 2005 wlis 15 noembers. 2005 wlis 20 seqtembrisa da 15 noembris daskvnebi iTvaliswinebs, inter alia:
`... komisia askvnis, rom ganmcxadebels ar awuxebs raime qronikuli gonebrivi avadmyofoba, magram rom mas awuxebs Tavis travma da maRali arteriuli wneva ...
2005 wlis 26 maisidan ganmcxadebelma Sewyvita kiTxvebze pasuxis gacema; is arasodes amdgara sawolidan; is WuWyiania da ikvebeba mxolod Txevadi sakvebiT. ... is moiyvanes saavadmyofoSi sakaciT. is ar moZraobs, ar reagirebs sxvebze ... is wevs daxuWuli TvalebiT da xeli udevs mkerdze. mas fermkTali da anemiuri saxe aqvs, namianis kaniT ... is ar uwevs winaaRmdegobas samedicino gamokvlevas ..., is indiferentuli da pasiuria da ar TanamSromlobs eqimebTan. is ar uwevs winaaRmdegobas, rodesac mas uReben pirs, magram ar yofs enas. misi xelebi da xefebi usicocxloT ecema, rodesac maT zemoT weven.
rodesac eqimebi cdiloben Seamowmon misi gugebi, is Tvalebs maRla abrunebs. misi tansacmeli aris WuWyiani; is iyenebs higienur baliSs, romelsac aqvs Sardis mZafri suni. ... is Tavs ar uvlis ... da mas uvlis (xeliT kvebaven, banen da ucvlian) samedicino personali ...
... stresma (dakaveba, sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZieba) gamoiwvia reaqciuli fsiqozi depresiulobisa da fsiqikuri aSlilobis sindromiT (daqveiTebuli gonebrivi reagirebis unari arc iseTi mZimea, rogorc koma, rac imiT vlindeba, rom pirs mainc SeuZlia nawilobriv reagirebis moxdeba raime gamaRizianebelze, rogoricaa tkivili), ramac mouspo azrovnebis unari da mas sWirdeba mkurnaloba mkacri zedamxedvelobis qveS.~
23. 2005 wlis 15 seqtembers ganmcxadebeli iyo hospitalizebuli centralur fsiqiatriul saavadmyofos sasamarTlo gamoZiebis departamentSi, sadac is dResac imyofeba.
24. 2005 wlis dekemberSi mTavrobis mier warmodgenili samedicino saqmidan aSkarad Cans, rom am droisaTvis, drois umravlesoba ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomareobaSi. is gonze movida sami kviris ganmavlobaSi, 2005 wlis 2-dan 24 oqtombramde., magram winandel mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda mas
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Semdeg, rac daeqvemdebara sxeulebriv Cxrekas saavadmyofos
kafeteriaSi. mTavrobam warmoadgina 2005 wlis oqtombris, noembrisa
da dekembris TveebSi ganmcxadeblis medikamentebisaTvis gaweuli
danaxarjebis qviTrebis aslebi.
25. sasamarTlos ar aqvs informacia imis Sesaxeb, gamosula
Tu ara odesme ganmcxadebeli fsiqikuri aSlilobis
mdgomareobidan. naTelia, rom 2003 wlis 23 dekembers buiukanis
raionulma sasamarTlom gasca brZaneba, rom ganmcxadebeli
daetovebinaT
centralur
fsiqiatriul
saavadmyofoSi
samkurnalod, mis srul gamojanmrTelebamde.
26. ganmcxadeblis erT-erTi advokatis TxovniT, doqtorma i.
bergim, fsiqiatrma 2005 wlis 5 dekembers gasca samedicino daskvna,
romlis mixedviT, mkurnalobis gareSe datovebulma fsiqozurma
mdgomareobam depresiulobisa da fsiqikuri aSlilobis sindromiT,
rac travmatul mdgomareobaSi rCeba, SeiZleba gamoiwvios
qronikuli fsiqiatriuli daavadebis ganviTareba.
27. ganmcxadeblis erT-erTi advokatis TxovniT,
ganmcxadeblis ojaxis eqimis, doqtor t. morarus mier 2005 wlis 6
Tebervals gacemuli samedicino daskvnis mixedviT, ganmcxadebels,
didi xniT adre, vidre 2005 wlis 20 maiss miiRebda Tavis travmas,
awuxebda diabeti da maRali arteriuli wneva. cixis saavadmyofoSi
misi yofnis ganmavlobaSi is arasakmarisad ikvebeboda da dakarga
30-35 kilogrami. fsiqikuri aSlilobis gamo is ver ikvebeboda da
Sesabamisad, saWiroebda glukozis, aminomJavebis, C da D da sxva
vitaminebis gadasxmas. misi mdgomareobis gamo is diabeturi komis,
insultisa da gulis Setevis ganviTarebis didi riskis winaSe idga.
cixis saavadmyofos samedicino saqmidan naTelia, rom is ar iyo
uzrunvelyofili sakmarisi samedicino momsaxurebiT da samedicino
gamokvleviT. misi fsiqikuri aSlilobis sindromi aRmoCenil iqna 4- Tvis Semdeg.
28. 2005 wlis 28 marts ganmcxadeblis advokati b-ni gribincea
miiRo fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos mTavari eqimis moadgilem, b-ma i.
katrinicma, romelmac acnoba b-n gribinceas, inter alia, rom
fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi hospitalizaciis droisaTvis,
ganmcxadebeli iwonida 100 kilogramze naklebs da mogvianebiT,
wonis momatebis Semdeg, is iwonida daaxlovebiT 100 kilograms. b-ma
katrinicma aseve acnoba advokats, rom ganmcxadebels ori kviris
win Cautarda tvinis skanireba. mTavrobas es sadavod ar gauxdia.
2. sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb ganmcxadeblis saCivari
29. 2005 wlis 27 maiss, rodesac droebiT ganmcxadebeli gonebaze movida, man uTxra Tavis erT-erT advokats, eqimis TandaswrebiT, rom is scema policiam da, rom mas aqvs Zlieri Tavis tkivilebi da tkivilebi filtvebis midamoebSi. eqimma acnoba
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advokats, rom ganmcxadebels awuxebda Tavis travma da garkveuli
tkivili filtvebSi.
30. 2005 wlis 31 maiss ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma
Seitana
saCivari
generalur
prokuraturaSi
edkmc-is
warmomadgenelTa mier ganmcxadeblis mimarT sastiki mopyrobis
Sesaxeb da Txova sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvra. man Seatyobina
prokuraturas imis Sesaxeb, rac mas ganucxada ganmcxadebelma da
eqimma.
31. msgavsi saCivrebi Seitana ganmcxadeblis meuRlem oTxjer wlis ivnissa da agvistoSi.
32. 2005 wlis 10 agvistosa da 10 oqtombers ganmcxadeblis
advokatma generalur prokuraturas mimarTa kiTxviT, ganixiles Tu
ara misi 2005 wlis 31 maisis saCivari. mas ar miuRia raime pasuxi.
33. mxolod 2005 wlis 23 dekembers, ganmcxadeblis mimarT
sisxlis samarTlis saqmis ganxilvisas sasamarTlo sxdomaze
gakeTebuli ganmeorebiTi Txovnis Semdeg, ganmcxadeblis advokatma
gadasca 2005 wlis 8 ivnisis gadawyvetileba, romliTac mis 2005
wlis 31 maisis saCivarze uari eTqva. gadawyvetilebas xels awerda
b-ni nikolae katana, igive prokurori, romelmac wauyena brali
ganmcxadebels da mimarTa sasamarTlos misi dapatimrebis Sesaxeb
(ix. qvemoTmoyvanili 45-e da 46-e punqtebi).
34. b-ma katanam sadavod gaxada, inter alia, zemoxsenebuli
gadawyvetileba, rom vinaidan advokatis 2005 wlis 31 maisis
saCivari ar Seicavda raime konkretul informacias sastiki
mopyrobis garemoebebTan dakavSirebiT, da situaciis gasarkvevad, is
Seecada piradad Sexvedroda ganmcxadebels 2005 wlis 25 da 30
maiss. Tumca, ganmcxadebeli kategoriul uarze iyo, rom esaubra
masTan. ufro metic, eqimebmac ki daadastures, rom ganmcxadebeli
uars ityoda, gasaubreboda gamomZieblebs da prokurorebs da, rom
daelaparakeboda mxolod Tavis advokatebs da eqimebs da, rom is
axdenda Tavisi simptomebis simulirebas. b-ma katanam daaskvna, rom
nebismier SemTxvevaSi dasaSvebi iyo, rom ganmcxadebels
ganzraxuli hqonda, gamoeyenebina pistoleti misi dakavebis dros.
aseT garemoebebSi, policiis TanamSromlebs hqondaT ufleba,
gamoeyenebinaT Zala da maT mier Zalis gamoyeneba SeiZleba miCneul
iqnes, rogorc kanonieri Tavdacva.
35. dauzustebel dRes ganmcxadeblis advokatma gaasaCivra wlis 8 ivnisiT daTariRebuli generaluri prokuraturis
gadawyvetileba.
36. 2006 wlis 23 Tebervals raskanis raionuli sasamarTlos
mosamarTlem georg morozanma uari ganacxada gasaCivrebaze. is
amtkicebda, inter alia, rom gamoZieba Catarda srulyofilad da
obieqturad kanonis raime darRvevis gareSe. man daadgina, rom
ganmcxadebelma 2005 wlis 25 da 30 maiss uari ganacxada
prokurorTan gasaubrebaze. ufro metic, ganmcxadebels ar
9
miumarTavs saCivriT prokurorisaTvis wamebasa da fizikur ZaladobasTan dakavSirebiT. arc eqimebs uTqvamT raime prokurorisaTvis sastik mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom isini valdebulni arian, Seatyobinon mas aseTi SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb. samedicino saqmidan ar Cans raime xilvadi niSnebi ganmcxadeblis sxeulis mimarT ZaladobasTan dakavSirebiT.
3. saCivrebi samedicino momsaxurebis ararsebobis gamo
37. 2005 wlis 1 ivliss ganmcxadeblis meuRlem mimarTa
saCivriT generalur prokuraturas, inter alia, rom mas ar darTes
neba, moenaxulebina Tavisi meuRle da, rom mas uzrunveleyo is
samedicino momsaxurebiT. cixis saavadmyofis policielebi da
eqimebi saidumlod inaxavdnen ganmcxadeblis samedicino
mdgomareobas, raTa daemalaT wamebis niSnebi. is aseve asaCivrebda,
rom mis Txovnaze, damoukidebeli eqimisaTvis daerToT neba,
konsultacia gaewia ganmcxadeblisaTvis, uari ganucxades.
prokuraturas ar gaucia pasuxi am werilze.
38. 2005 wlis 18 agvistos ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma
saCivriT mimarTa buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos, rom
fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva, romelzec man 2005 wlis 3 agvistos
miiRo brZaneba, ar Catarebula gaurkveveli mizezebis gamo.
ganmcxadeblisaTvis
saTanado
samedicino
momsaxurebis
uzrunvelsayofad, sasamarTlos eTxova, gaeca Sesabamisi
organoebisaTvis brZaneba, raTa kerZo eqimisaTvis daerToT
ganmcxadeblisaTvis konsultaciis gawevis nebarTva da, rom
daeCqarebinaT fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva. buiukanis raionul
sasamarTlos arasodes ganuxilavs es Txovna.
39. 2005 wlis 6 seqtembers ganmcxadeblis meuRlem gaasaCivra
buiukanis raionul sasamarTloSi is, rom fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva
ar tardeboda. man acnoba sasamarTlos, rom man daadgina, rom
ganmcxadebeli ver iqneboda gadayvanili fsiqiatriul
saavadmyofoSi gonebadakarguli pirebis transportirebisaTvis
saWiro aRWurvolobis ararsebobis gamo. is amtkicebda, rom misi
meuRlis janmrTelobis mdgomareoba gauaresdeboda da, rom
diagnozis ararsebobis gamo Sesabamisi samedicino mkurnaloba
SeuZlebeli iqneboda. man SesTavaza, rom dafaravda ganmcxadeblis
transportirebasTan, samedicino gamokvlevasa da samedicino
mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebul xarjebs. es saCivari arasodes
ganuxilavs buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos.
40. 2005 wlis 6 seqtembers ganmcxadeblis dedam miwera
buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos werili da Txova, rom, inter alia,
mas mieRo brZaneba misi SvilisaTvis daCqarebuli fsiqiatriuli
Sefasebis uzrunvelyofis, araadamiunuri mopyrobisa aRkveTis da
adamianisaTvis Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebis uzrunvelyofis
10
Sesaxeb. es saCivari arasodes ganuxilavs buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos.
41. 2005 wlis 13 seqtembers ganmcxadeblis meuRlem miwera werili buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos, generalur prokuraturas da cixis saavadmyofos direqtors. is Cioda, inter alia, rom misi meuRlis fsiqiatriuli Sefaseba, policiis mier Segnebulad gaiwela da, rom aman SeuZlebeli gaxada misTvis Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxurebiT uzrunvelyofa. ganmcxadeblis meuRles ar miuRia raime pasuxi am saCivarze.
42. 2005 wlis 5 oqtombers ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma werili miwera buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos, rom 2005 wlis 20 seqtembris fsiqiatriuli gamokvlevis Sedegad gairkva, rom ganmcxadebels daudginda seriozuli fsiqiatriuli mdgomareoba. vinaidan cixis saavadmyofom, sadac ganmcxadebeli dapatimrebuli iyo 2005 wlis 1 seqtembramde, ar umkurnala fsiqiatriul daavadebebs, diagnozis dasmac da Sesabamisi mkurnalobis Catarebac SeuZlebeli iyo. Sesabamisad, mas ar mieca samedicino momsaxurebis saSualeba, rac saWiro iyo adamianisaTvis da daeqvemdebara sastik tanjvas. buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos arasodes upasuxia am werilisaTvis.
43. 2005 wlis 6 oqtombers ganmcxadeblis meuRlem saCivari Seitana buiukanis raionul sasamarTloSi, inter alia, rom misi meuRle ar iyo uzrunvelyofili Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxurebiT cixis saavadmyofoSi yofnisas. sasamarTlos arc am saCivarze mouxdenia reagireba.
44. 2005 wlis 24 noembers ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma mimarTa buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos nebarTvis TxovniT, rom momxdariyo kerZo eqimis viziti ganmcxadebelTan. man Seatyobina sasamarTlos, rom eqvs Tveze meti drois ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadebeli ar mosula gons da, rom saxelmwifos mier uzrunvelyofili mkurnaloba ar yofila efeqturi. man aseve acnoba sasamarTlos, rom mis Txovnaze pasuxis dagvianeba Seadgenda ganmcxadeblis araadamianur da damamcirebel mopyrobas, misi gamojanmrTelebisaTvis xelis SeSlis gamo. man aseve acnoba sasamarTlos, rom yvela xarji daifareba ganmcxadeblis ojaxis mier. sasamarTlos arasodes ar ganuxilavs es Txovna.
4.
ganmcxadeblis
samarTalwarmoeba
patimrobasTan
dakavSirebuli
45. 2005 wlis 23 maiss prokuroris nakolae katanas moTxovnis Sedegad, buiukanis raionulma sasamarTom gasca brZaneba ganmcxadeblis 10 dRiT dapatimrebis Sesaxeb. brZanebis gacemasTan dakavSirebuli mizezebi, romlebsac miuTiTa sasamarTlom, Semdegia:
11
`[ganmcxadebeli] eWvmitanilia Zalian mZime danaSaulis CadenaSi, romlisTvisac kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs or weliwadze meti vadiT patimrobas; sasamarTlosaTvis wardgenili mtkicebuleba mopovebul iqna kanonierad; aucilebelia eWvmitanilis izolireba sazogadoebisagan; is SeiZleba gaeqces samarTaldamcav organoebs an sasamarTlos; man SeiZleba xeli SeuSalos gamoZiebas WeSmaritebis dadgenaSi an xelaxla Caidinos danaSauli~.
46. 2005 wlis 25 maiss ganmcxadebels braldeba oficialurad
warudgina prokurorma nikolae katanam.
47. 2005 wlis 25 maiss ganmcxadebelma gaasaCivra patimrobis
Sesaxeb brZaneba da amtkicebda, inter alia, rom ar arsebobda misi
mimalvis, gamoZiebisaTvis xelis SeSlis an danaSaulis xelaxla
Cadenis
riskis
mtkicebuleba.
man
miuTiTa,
rom
sisxlissamarTlebrivi samarTalwarmoeba mimdinareobda 2004 wlis
Tebervlidan da rom am periodidan misi saqcieli ar iZleoda misi
amgvari ganzraxvis safuZvels. ufro metic, misi samedicino
mdgomareoba iyo mniSvnelovani argumenti gaTavisuflebis
sasargeblod.
48. 2005 wlis 27 maiss CiSinaus saapelacio sasamarTlom raime
mizezebis gareSe uari ganacxada apelaciaze, romelic Seitanes
ganmcxadeblis advokatebma.
49. 2005 wlis 30 maissa da 22 ivniss imave safuZvliT buiukanis
raionulma sasamarTlom gaagrZela patimrobis vada. CiSinaus
sasamarTlom patimrobis gagrZelebis Sesaxeb apelaciaze
ganmcxadebels uari uTxra Sesabamisad 2005 wlis 3 da 30 ivniss.
50. brZanebas patimrobis Sesaxeb 2005 wlis 23 ivliss gauvida
vada, magram ganmcxadebeli ar ganTavisuflebula.
51. 2005 wlis 25 ivliss prokuraturam kompetentur
sasamarTlos warudgina sisxlissamarTlis saqme.
52. 2005 wlis 26 ivliss ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma
mimarTa
TxovniT
buiukanis
raionul
sasamarTlos,
gaeTavisuflebinaT ganmcxadebeli patimrobidan, radgan, inter alia,
brZanebas patimrobis Sesaxeb ramdenime dRis win gauvida vada. am
Txovnaze mas uari ganecxada 2005 wlis 3 agvistos.
5. kerZo eqimis mier ganmcxadeblisa da misi samedicino saqmis Semowmeba misi fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi gadayvanis Semdeg
53. am Tavis qveS warmodgenili faqtebi efuZneba ganmcxadeblis mtkicebebs da mis mier warmodgenil dokumentebs. mTavrobam isini ar uaryvia.
54. 2005 wlis 16 noembris Semdeg, kerZo eqimma mxolod erTxel moinaxula ganmcxadebeli, 2006 wlis ianvris dasawyisSi. ganmcxadeblis informaciiT, eqimis vizitis mizani iyo misi samedicino mdgomareobisa da momavali mkurnalobis xarjebis Sefaseba.
12
55. ganmcxadebelTan konsultaciebis Semdeg, eqimma t. morarum daaskvna, rom aucilebeli iqneboda rigi gamokvlevis Catareba, rom mas mieRo saboloo daskvna. misi werilobiTi daskvna gaegzavna fsiqiatriul saavadmyofos da buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos. ganmcxadeblis meuRlem SesTavaza yvela samedicino xarjebis dafarva.
56. 2006 wlis TebervalSi eqimi t. moraru Seecada, kidev erTxel moenaxulebina ganmcxadebeli misTvis gamokvlevis Casatareblad, magram mas ar darTes amis neba.
57. 2006 wlis 8 Tebervals ganmcxadeblis meuRlem Seitana sarCeli buiukanis raionul sasamarTloSi fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos uaris gamo, rom daerToT ganmcxadeblis monaxulebis neba eqimi t. morarusaTvis, magram masze uari ganacxada sasamarTlom 2006 wlis 10 Tebervals im safuZvliT, rom sasamarTlos ar hqonda ufleba, Careuliyo ganmcxadeblis samedicino mkurnalobis procesSi saavadmyofos eqimebisaTvis instruqciebis micemis gziT. msgavs ganmeorebiT Txovnebze ganmcxadeblis meuRlisa da advokatis mier uari gacxadda 2006 wlis 16 da 19 Tebervals, xolo sasamarTlom damatebiT aRniSna, rom vinaidan sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna ganmcxadeblis mimarT SeCerebulia, is SeZlebs gamosces brZaneba mis Sesaxeb mxolod maSin, rodesac samarTalwarmoeba ganaxldeba.
58. dauzustebel dRes ganmcxadeblis meuRlem iTxova nebarTva fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofosagan, rom misi meuRle gamoekvlia kerZo eqims. 2006 wlis 16 Tebervals fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos mTavari eqimis moadgilem miwera werili ganmcxadeblis meuRles, rom ganmcxadebeli ar saWiroebs monaxulebas eqimi t. morarus mier, radgan is iRebs yvela saWiro samedicino momsaxurebas saavadmyofos eqimebisagan.
59. ganmcxadeblis meuRlem mimarTa msgavsi warumatebeli TxovniT 2006 wlis 22 Tebervals.
60. 2006 wlis 14 da 22 marts ganmcxadeblis erT-erTma advokatma (b-ni gribincea) daureka saxelmwifo agentis samsaxurs da Txova q-n lilia grimaSis daxmareba, rom moenaxulebinaT ganmcxadebeli da, rom misi samedicino saqme misTvis da kerZo eqimisaTvis xelmisawvdomi gamxdariyo. misi Txovna warumatebeli iyo.
61. 2006 wlis 20 da 28 marts ganmcxadeblis advokatebma mimarTes fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos mTavar eqims ori TxovniT, b-n t. morarus mier ganmcxadeblis monaxulebasTan da misi samedicino saqmis xelmisawvdomobasTan dakavSirebiT. isini Tavis moTxovnebSi amtkicebdnen, rom es saWiro iyo, raTa saqme ganexila evropul sasamarTlos da moiSvelies, inter alia, konvenciis 34-e muxli.
62. imave dRes ganmcxadeblis advokats, b-n gribinceas Sexvedra hqonda fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos mTavar eqimTan, b-n i.
13
katrinicTan, romelmac zepirad uari ganacxada mis Txovnaze da amtkicebda, rom sasamarTlos brZanebis gareSe ganmcxadeblis monaxuleba SeuZlebeli iyo.
63. 2006 wlis 31 marts b-ma i. katrinicma gasca werilobiTi pasuxi 2006 wlis 28 martis werils, romelSic araferi iyo miTiTebuli, garda or enaze, ruminulad da rusulad, fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-9 muxlisa (ix. qvemoTmiTiTebuli 69-e punqti).
II. Sesabamisi erovnuli kanonmdebloba da praqtika
A. patimroba
64. moldovis respublikis konstituciis 25-e muxlis Sesabamisi nawili iTvaliswinebs Semdegs:
`(4) dapatimreba xdeba mosamarTlis mier gacemuli brZanebis safuZvelze 30�dRiani maqsimaluri vadiT. brZanebis kanoniereba SeiZleba gasaCivrdes kanonis Sesabamisad, zemdgom sasamarTloSi. patimroba SeiZleba gagrZeldes mxolod sasamarTlos mier, kanonis Sesabamisad, maqsimum Tormet Tvemde.~
65. sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis (`sssk~) Sesabamisi debulebebi iTvaliswinebiT:
176-e muxli
`(1) prevenciuli RonisZiebebi SeiZleba gamoiyenos prokuraturis organom an sasamarTlom mxolod iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac arsebobs seriozuli safuZveli varaudisa, rom braldebuli ... miimaleba, xels SeuZlis sisxlissamarTlebrivi samarTalwarmoebis dros WeSmaritebis dadgenas an xelaxla Caidens danaSauls, an isini SeiZleba gamoiyenos sasamarTlom, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnes sasjelis aRsruleba.
(2) patimroba da alternatiuli prevenciuli RonisZiebebi SeiZleba Sefardebul iqnes mxolod iseTi danaSaulebis SemTxvevaSi, romelTa mimarT kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs or welze meti droiT patimrobas. iseTi danaSaulebis SemTxvevaSi, romelTa mimarT kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs or welze naklebi droiT patimrobas, isini SeiZleba Sefardebul iqnes, Tu ... braldebuls ukve Cadenili aqvs 1-el punqtSi moxseniebuli danaSauli.
(3) prevenciuli RonisZiebis aucileblobis gadawyvetisas, prokuraturis organo da sasamarTlo mxedvelobaSi miiRebs Semdeg damatebiT kriteriumebs:
1) danaSauliT miyenebuli zianis xasiaTi da xarisxi,
2) braldebulis ... pirovneba,
3) misi asaki da janmrTelobis mdgomareoba,
4) misi saqmianoba,
14
5) misi ojaxuri mdgomareoba da masze damokidebuli pirebis arseboba,
6) misi ekonomikuri mdgomareoba,
7) misi mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili,
8) sxva arsebiTi garemoebebi.
...
177-e muxli
...
(2) patimroba ... SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes mxolod sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze ...
185-e muxli. patimroba
(1) patimroba niSnavs eWvmitanili, braldebuli an msjavrdebuli piris dakavebul mdgomareobas kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli adgilebsa da pirobebSi.
(2) patimroba SeiZleba Seefardos pirs im garemoebebsa da pirobebSi, rac gaTvaliswinebuli 176-e muxliT, aseve, rodesac:
1) eWvmitanils, braldebuls an msjavrdebuls ar aqvs mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili moldovis respublikis teritoriaze;
2) eWvmitanilis, braldebulis an msjavrdebuli piris vinaoba ucnobia;
3) eWvmitanilma, braldebulma an msjavrdebulma pirma daarRvia misTvis Sefardebuli pirobebi sxva prevenciul RonisZiebasTan dakavSirebiT.
... (4) gadawyvetileba, romliTac patimrobaze gaica brZaneba, SeiZleba gasaCivrdes zemdgom sasamarTloSi sarCelis Setanis gziT.
186-e muxli. patimrobis xangrZlivoba da misi gagrZeleba
(1) piris patimrobis drois aTvla iwyeba misi dakavebis momentidan, an, Tu piri ar aris dakavebuli, sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis momentidan, romelic exeba brZanebas patimrobis Sesaxeb. ...
(2) patimroba samarTalwarmoebis gamoZiebis etapze, vidre saqmis masalebi gadaegzavneba kompetentur sasamarTlos [prokuroris mier] ar gastans 30 dReze meti xniT, garda winamdebare kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa. samarTalwarmoebis gamoZiebis etapze patimrobis vadis aTvla wydeba im dRes, rodesac prokurori ugzavnis sisxlis samarTlis saqmis masalebs sasamarTlos da rodesac patimroba gauqmda an Seicvala sxva prevenciuli RonisZiebiT, rac ar saWiroebs Tavisuflebis aRkveTas.
...
(5) patimrobis gaxangZliveba ar daiSveba 30 dReze meti vadiT.
15
(6) Tu aucilebelia braldebulis piris patimrobis vadis gaxangrZliveba, prokurori, patimrobis brZanebis vadis gasvlamde araugvianes 5 dRisa, mimarTavs aseTi TxovniT gamomZiebel mosamarTles.
(7) rodesac miiReba gadawyvetileba gamomZieblis Txovnaze patimrobis vadis gagrZelebis Sesaxeb, gamomZiebel mosamarTles, an, SemTxvevidan gamodinare, sasamarTlos ufleba aqvs, Secvalos patimroba Sina patimrobiT, ganTavisuflebiT sasamarTlos zedamxedvelobis qveS an giraoTi.
(8) sasamarTlosaTvis sabraldebo daskvnis wardgenis Semdeg patimrobasTan dakavSirebuli yvela Txovnas ganixilavs sasamarTlos, romelic ixilavs sisxlis samarTlis saqmes.
(9) patimrobis vadis gagrZeleba 6 Tvemde gadawydeba gamomZiebeli mosamarTlis mier raionis prokuroris moTxovnis safuZvelze. 6 Tveze meti vadiT patimrobis gagrZelebis saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi moTxovnas waradgens raionis prokurori generaluri prokurorisa an misi moadgilis TanxmobiT.
(10) gadawyvetileba patimrobis gagrZelebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba gasaCivrdes zemgdom sasamarTloSi.
190-e muxli
pirs, romelic dapatimrebulia 185-e muxlis debulebaTa Sesabamisad, SeuZlia, sisxlis samarTlis saqmis gamoZiebis nebismier etapze, moiTxovos Tavisi droebiTi gaTavisufleba sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis an giraos safuZvelze.
191-e muxli. dapatimrebuli piris droebiTi ganTavisufleba sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis qveS
(1) dapatimrebuli piris an im piris, romlis mimarT gakeTda aseTi moTxovna dapatimrebis Sesaxeb, ganTavisufleba sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis qveS, SeiZleba dakmayofildes gamomZiebeli mosamarTlis an sasamarTlo mier mxolod iseTi danaSaulis SemTxvevaSi, romelic Cadenilia gaufrTxileblobiT an romelic exeba ganzrax Cadenil danaSauls, romlisTvisac gaTvaliswinebulia sasjeli 10 welze naklebi droiT patimrobis saxiT.
(2) droebiTi ganTavisufleba sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis qveS ar SeiZleba dakmayofildes im braldebulis mimarT, romelsac mouxdeli aqvs sisxlissamarTlebrivi sasjeli mniSvnelovani, Zalian mniSvnelovani an gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani danaSaulisaTvis an Tu arsebobs informacia, rom is Caidens sxva danaSauls, Seecdeba gavlena moaxdinos mowmeebze, Seexdeba gaanadguros mtkicebuleba an miimaleba.
(3) dapatimrebuli piris droebiTi ganTavisufleba sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis qveS moxdeba erTi an ramdenime qvemoTmoyvanili valdebulebis Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi:
1) ar datovos Tavisi sacxovrebeli qalaqi, garda iseTi pirobebisa, romlebic gansazRvrulia gamomZiebeli mosamarTlis an sasamarTlo mier;
2) Seatyobinos sagamoZiebo organos an sasamarTlos misamarTis nebismieri cvlilebis Sesaxeb;
16
3) ar ewvios garkveul adgilebs;
4) warsdges sagamoZiebi organis an sasamarTlos winaSe gamoZaxebis SemTxvevaSi;
5) ar daamyaros kavSiri garkveul pirebTan;
6) ar Caidinos moqmedeba, romelsac SeuZlia SeuSalos xeli WeSmaritebis dadgenas.
7) ar marTos avtomobili an ar misdios raime profesias, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes danaSaulis Casadenad.
...
195-e muxli
(1) gamoyenebuli prevenciuli RonisZieba SeiZleba Seicvalos ufro mkacri RonisZiebiT, Tu misi saWiroeba dadasturebulia mtkicebulebiT, an ufro msubuqi RonisZiebiT, Tu misi gamoyenebiT uzrunvelyofilia braldebulis saTanado qceva, rac miznad isaxavs sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebis normalur mimdinareobas da Sefardebuli sasjelis aRsrulebas.
329-e muxli
(1) sasamarTlo saqmis ganxilvisas, ex-officio an mxareTa moTxovnisa da maTi azris mosmenis Semdeg, uflebamosilia gamoiyenos, gaauqmos an Sewyvitos prevenciuli RonisZiebis gamoyeneba braldebulis mimarT. axali moTxovna prevenciuli RonisZiebis gamoyenebis, Secvlis an gauqmebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba wardgenil iqnes, Tu arsebobs aseTi moTxovnis safuZveli, magram es ar SeiZleba moxdes erT Tveze ufro adre ukanaskneli gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi Sesvlis TariRidan an Tu ar warmoiSva axali garemoebebi.
345-e muxli (1) aTi dRis vadaSi mas Semdeg, rac saqme darigda gadawyvetilebis misaRebad, mosamarTle an mosamarTleebi, saqmis ganxilvis Sedegad, adgens saqmis winaswari mosmenis TariRs. winaswari mosmena iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac piri dakavebulia, Catardeba dauyovnebliv da prioritetuli wesiT.
... (4) winaswar mosmenaze ganixileba Semdegi sakiTxebi:
... 6) prevenciuli da dacviTi RonisZiebebi.
351-e muxli
... (7) saqmis ganxilvis TariRis dadgenis dros, sasamarTlo gascems brZanebas prevenciuli RonisZiebis SenarCunebis, gauqmebis, an Setyvetis Sesaxeb, winamdebare kodeqsis Sesabamisad.~
66. uzenaesi sasamarTlos plenaruli sxdomis 2005 wlis 28 martis ganmartebiTi ganaCeni adgens, inter alia, rom ganTavisufleba sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis pirobiT SeiZleba dakmayofildes gamomZiebeli mosamarTlis mier an saqmis ganmxilveli sasamarTlos
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mier mxolod im pirebis mimarT, romlebsac Cadenili aqvT danaSauli gaufrTxileblobiT an romelic exeba ganzrax Cadenil danaSauls, romlisTvisac gaTvaliswinebulia sasjeli 10 welze naklebi vadiT patimrobis saxiT.
67. 2005 wels gamocemuli sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis komentari, romlis avtorebi sxvebTan erTad arian uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare, ramdenime mosamarTle da samarTlis ramdenime Rvawlmosili profesori, 191-e muxlTan mimarTebiT uTiTebs Semdegs:
`191-e muxlis pirveli punqti adgens pirvel pirobas sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis qveS gaTavisuflebis dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebiT, rac ganisazRvreba danaSaulis simZimiT, romelSic braldebuls wayenebuli aqvs brali. es piroba [danaSaulis simZime] ganisazRvreba dokumentebSi, romlebic gacemulia sagamoZiebo organos an prokuroris mier, romelic axdens danaSaulis kvalifikacias...
gamomZiebeli mosamarTle ar aris uflebamosili Seafasos aris Tu ara danaSaulis samarTlebrivi kvalifikacia swori, vinaidan is ar ixilavs im mtkicebulebas, romelzec keTdeba kvalifikacia ...
sasamarTlo ganxilvis etapze, saqmis ganmxilveli sasamarTlos SeuZlia misces axali kvalifikacia im danaSauls, romelic braldebuls brali aqvs wayenebuli...~
B. Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saSualebebi, romelsac eyrdnoba mTavroba
68. saqmeze drugalevi Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa da finansTa saministros winaaRmdeg (CiSinaus saapelacio sasamarTlos 2004 wlis 26 oqtombris saboloo ganaCeni) ganTavisuflebis Semdeg ganmcxadebelma moiTxova da miiRo kompensacia araadamianur da damamcirebel pirobebSi moTavsebisaTvis winaswari dakavebis etapze, rac Seadgenda daaxlovebiT 950 evros (EUR). sasamarTlom Tavisi gadawyvetileba kompensaciis Sesaxeb daafuZna uSualod konvenciis me-3 muxlze.
69. konstituciis 53-e muxli iTvaliswinebs Semdegs:
`(1) pirs, romlis uflebebi daarRvia sajaro xelisuflebam administraciuli aqtiT an kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil droSi moTxovnis ganuxilvelobiT, aqvs ufleba miiRos moTxovnili uflebis aRiareba, aqtis gauqmeba da kompensaciis miRebis ufleba miyenebuli zianisaTvis.
(2) saxelmwifo kisrulobs materialur pasuxismgeblobas, kanonis Sesabamisad, im zianisaTvis, romelic pirs miadga sagamoZiebo organoebisa da sasamarTlos mier sisxlissamarTlebrivi samarTalwarmoebis dros daSvebuli SecdomisaTvis.~
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70. samoqalaqo kodeqsis Sesabamisi debulebebi iTvaliswinebs Semdegs:
`1405-e muxli. saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba sagamoZiebo organoebis, prokuraturisa da sasamarTlos mier miyenebuli zianisaTvis
(1) ziani, romelic miadga fizikur pirs ukanono msjavrdebis, ukanono devnis, prevenciuli RonisZiebis ukanono gamoyenebis Sedegad, rac gamoixata patimrobiT an qalaqis ardatovebis Sesaxeb werilobiTi valdebulebiT, da administraciuli dakavebis ukanono gamoyenebiT an sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo samuSaos SesrulebiT, unda iqnes srulad kompensirebuli saxelmwifos mier, miuxedavad imisa, moxda Tu ara es sagamoZiebo organoebis TanamSromelTa, prokuraturis TanamSromelTa Tu mosamarTleTa braliT. ...~
71. sagamoZiebis organoebis, prokuraturis organoebisa da sasamarTloTa ukanono moqmedebiT miyenebuli zianisaTvis kompensaciis Sesaxeb No.1545 kanonis Sesabamisi debulebebi iTvaliswinebs Semdegs:
`1-li muxli
(1) winamdebare kanonis Sesabamisad, iuridiul da fizikur pirebs aqvT ufleba kompensaciaze moraluri da materialuri zianisaTvis, rac gamoiwvia:
a) ukanono patimrobam, ukanono dakavebam, ukanono msjavrdebam, ukanono braldebam;
b) gamoZiebis an sasamarTlo ganxilvis etapze ganxorcielebulma ukanono Cxrekam, konfiskaciam, sakuTrebaze yadaRis dadebam, samsaxuridan ukanono daTxovnam, iseve rogorc procesualurma moqmedebebma, romlebmac SezRuda piris uflebebi;
c) ukanono administraciulma dakavebam an brZanebam sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo samuSaos Sesrulebis Sesaxeb, sakuTrebis ukanono konfiskaciam, ukanono jarimis dakisrebam;
d) ukanono sagamoZiebo RonisZiebebis gatarebam;
e) sabuRaltro dokumentis, sxva dokumentis, fulis an beWdis ukanono amoRebam, iseve rogorc sabanko angariSebis blokirebam.
(2) miyenebuli ziani srulad anazRaurdeba, miuxedavad sagamoZiebo organoebis, prokuratiris organoebis an sasamarTloebis bralis xarisxisa.
me-4 muxli
pirs aqvs kompensaciis ufleba winamdebare kanonis Sesabamisad, Tu dakmayofilda erT-erTi Semdegi piroba:
a) gamamarTlebeli ganaCenis gamocxadeba;
b) braldebis moxsna an gamoZiebis Setyveta mareabilitirebel safuZvelze;
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c) gadawyvetilebis miReba, romliTac administraciuli patimroba gauqmebulia mareabilitirebel safuZvelze;
d) adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos an evropis sabWos ministra komitetis mier gadawyvetilebis miReba zianTan dakavSirebiT an msxverplsa da adamianis uflebaTa evropul sasamarTloSi moldovis respublikis warmomadgenels Soris morigebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebis miRwevasTan dakavSirebiT. morigebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebis miRweva unda moiwonos moldovis respublikis mTavrobam; ...~
C. samedicino saidumloeba da samedicino xasiaTis informaciis Tavisufleba
72. fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-9 muxli iTvaliswinebs Semdegs:
`nebismieri informacia gonebrivi avadmyofobis Sesaxeb, romliTac piri aris daavadebuli, misi Txovna fsiqiatriuli samedicino daxmarebis da fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi mkurnalobis Sesaxeb, aseve raime sxva informacia misi gonebrivi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb aris samedicino saidumloeba. Tavisi uflebebisa da interesebis ganxorcielebis mizniT, pirs, romelic daavadebulia gonebrivi avadmyofobiT an mis iuridiul warmomadgenels, SeuZlia miiRos nebismieri informacia Tavisi fsiqiatriuli janmrTelobisa da miRebuli fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis Sesaxeb.~
kanonmdebloba
73. konvenciis me-3 muxlis safuZvelze ganmcxadebelma gaasaCivra policiis mxridan 2005 wlis 20 maiss mis mimarT sastiki mopyrobis gamoyeneba, Tavis travmis miyeneba da amis Sedegad xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi gamowveuli fsiqikuri aSliloba. is aseve asaCivrebs patimrobis periodSi Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebis ararsebobas da sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb misi saCivris saTanadod gamouZieblobas. konvenciis me-3 muxli iTvaliswinebs Semdegs:
`aravin SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros wamebas, araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas an dasjas.~
74. ganmcxadebeli aseve asaCivrebs, rom misi patimroba 2005 wlis 23 maisidan 2006 wlis 23 ivlisamde ar emyareboda `Sesabamis da sakmaris~ mizezebs. sasamarTlom aseve miiCnia saWirod, ganexila ex officio, Seesabameboda Tu ara sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 191-e muxlis debulebebi konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqts. me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis Sesabamisi nawili adgens:
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`am muxlis 1-li c punqtis debulebebis Tanaxmad, dakavebul an dapatimrebul yvela pir[s] ... ufleba unda hqondes misi saqme ganixilos sasamarTlom gonivrul vadaSi, an gaTavisufldes saqmis ganxilvis ganmavlobaSi.~
75. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebs, rom misi patimroba 2005 wlis 23-dan 25 ivlisamde, rodesac brZanebas dapatimrebis Sesaxeb vada hqonda gasuli, ar iyo `kanonieri~ konvenciis me-5 muxlis 1-li punqtis gagebiT. me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis safuZvelze is aseve asaCivrebs, rom dapatimrebis Sesaxeb brZanebis vadis gasvlis Semdeg piri imyofeboda ukanono patimrobaSi. sasamarTlom gadawyvita ex officio, ganixilos me-5 muxlis 1-el punqtTan dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblis mier wamoWrili problemebi, saqmis Branowski v. Poland (no. 28358/95, ECHR 2000-III) gaTvaliswinebiT da ganixilos mxareTa argumentebi am sakiTxze. me-5 muxlis 1-li punqtis Sesabamisi nawili iTvaliswinebs:
`yvelas aqvs Tavisuflebisa da piradi xelSeuxeblobis ufleba. aravis SeiZleba aRekveTos Tavisufleba, garda Semdegi SemTxvevebisa da kanoniT gansazRvruli proceduris Sesabamisad:
... (c) piris kanonieri dakaveba an dapatimreba uflebamosili sasamarTlo organos winaSe mis warsadgenas, rodesac arsebobs samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis safuZvliani eWvi, an safuZvlianad aris miCneuli piris mier samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis Tu misi Cadenis Semdeg mimalvis aRkveTis aucilebloba; ...~
76. sabolood, konvenciis 34-e muxlis safuZvelze ganmcxadebeli asaCivrebs, rom mis advokatebs ar miecaT misi samedicino saqmis gacnobis saSualeba da rom damoukidebel eqims ar hqonda misi monaxulebis saSualeba, raTa Seefasebina misi janmrTelobisaTvis miyenebuli ziani, am saqmeze evropul sasamarTloSi mosazrebebis warsadgenad. 34-e muxlis Sesabamisi nawili iTvaliswinebs:
` ... maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi kisruloben valdebulebas, arafriT SeuSalon xeli am uflebis efeqtian ganxorcielebas.~
I. saCivrebis dasaSveboba
A. saCivari sisxlis samarTlis saqmis xelmisawvdomobis
ararsebobis
Sesaxeb
patimrobasTan
dakavSirebiT
samarTalwarmoebis dros
77. Tavis pirvelad ganacxadSi konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqtis safuZvelze ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom xeli ar miuwvdeboda sisxlis samarTlis saqmis im nawilze, romelic
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Seicavda mtkicebulebebs, romlebsac eyrdnoboda devnis mxare, ganmcxadeblis dapatimrebis Sesaxeb Tavisi gadawyvetilebis gasamyareblad. Tumca, Tavis komentarebSi ganacxadis dasaSvebobasa da arsebiT mxaresTan dakavSirebiT, ganmcxadebelma acnoba sasamarTlos, rom sisxlissamarTlebrivi samarTalwarmoebis momdevno etapze, mas Semdeg, rac misTvis sisxlissamarTlis saqmis masalebi xelmisawvdomi gaxda, man aRmoaCina, rom is ar Seicavda raime aseT mtkicebulebas. Sesabamisad, man mimarTa TxovniT evropul sasamarTlos, Seewyvita misi saCivris ganxilva. Sesabamisad, evropuli sasamarTlos ar ganixilavs mas.
B. Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saSualebebis amouwurveloba
78. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom ganmcxadebelma ar amowura misTvis xelmisawvdomi yvela Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saSualeba, Sesabamisi detalebis dazustebis gareSe. kerZod, mTavrobam es daasabuTa imiT, rom ganmcxadebels SeeZlo, magram ar gaakeTa, esargebla konstituciis 53-e muxlis da samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1405-e muxlis debulebebiT (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 69-e-71-e punqtebi). ufro metic, mas SeeZlo moeSveliebina uSualod konvenciis me-3 muxli, rogorc es gaakeTa ganmcxadebelma drugalevis saqmeze (ix. zemomoxseniebuli 68-e punqti).
79. ganmcxadebeli ar daeTanxma mTavrobas da is amtkidebda, rom man amowura misTvis xelmisawvdomi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi dacvis yvela saSualeba. is aseve amtkicebda, rom mTavrobis mier miTiTebuli dacvis saSualebebi yvela SemTxvevaSi uadgilo iyo am saqmisaTvis.
80. sasamarTlo ixseniebs, rom individs ar moeTxoveba, scados uflebis aRdgenis erTze meti saSualeba, rodesac xelmisawvdomia ramdenime (sxva saqmeebTan erTad ix. Yagiz v. Turkey, App. No. 19092, 75 D.R. 207). evropuli sasamarTlosaTvis wardgenili dokumentebidan aSkarad Cans da mTavroba amas ar ewinaaRmdegeba, rom ganmcxadebelma gaasaCivra 2005 wlis 20 maisis sastiki mopyroba prokuraturisa da/an erovnuli sasamarTloebis winaSe (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 29-e-36-e punqtebi), Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebis ararseboba (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 37-e-44-e punqtebi) da misi ukanono patimroba (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 45-e-52-e punqtebi). mTavrobas ar umtkicebia, rom dacvis is saSualebebi, romelTa gamoyenebis mcdeloba hqonda ganmcxadebels, araefeqturi iyo da rom mas ar unda amoewura.
81. aseT viTarebaSi, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom ganacxadi ar SeiZleba gamocxaddes dauSveblad Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi dacvis saSualebebis amouwurvelobis gamo da, rom, Sesabamisad, mTavrobis Sepasuxebas uari unda eTqvas.
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C. daskvna dasaSvebobis Sesaxeb
82. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom me-3, me-5 da 34-e muxlebis safuZvelze ganmcxadeblis saCivari warmoSobs faqtebTan da samarTalTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs, romlebic aris sakmarisad mniSvnelovani, rom maTi gansazRvra damokidebuli iqnes saqmis arsebiTi mxaris ganxilvaze da ver daadginda maTi dauSveblad gamocxadebis sxva safuZveli. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo acxadebs am saCivrebs dasaSvebad. 29-e muxlis me-3 punqtis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb Tavisi gadawyvetilebis Sesabamisad (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli me-4 punqti), sasamarTlo dauyovnebliv ganixilavs am saCivrebis arsebiT mxares.
II. konvenciis me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRveva
A. mxareTa argumentebi
1. savaraudo sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb
83. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom 2005 wlis 20 maiss, mas Semdeg, rac ganmcxadebeli moiyvanes policiis ganyofilebaSi, man dakarga goneba. mis mier gonebis dakargva ar iyo gamowveuli policiis moqmedebiT, radgan aravis daurtyams misTvis. is faqti, rom mis mimarT ar gamoyenebula sastiki mopyroba, mtkicdeba cixis saavadmyofos eqimebis daskvnebiT, romelTa mixedviT, mas ar aReniSneboda sisxlCaqcevebi sxeulze. Tavis mwvave travmisa da saavadmyofos eqimebis mier dadgenili tvinis Seryevis diagnozi subieqturia, vinaidan is dadginda mxolod ganmcxadeblis Civilis safuZvelze, rom mas awuxebda Tavis tkivilebi, davbrusxvevebi, Rebineba, tkivili zurgis midamoebSi da sxva. ufro metic, ganmcxadebels ar warmoudgenia raime mtkicebuleba, riTac warmoaCenda, rom mis mimarT gamoiyenes sastiki mopyroba da man detalurad ar aRwera savaraudo cudi mopyroba.
84. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom eqimebis bergis da moraros daskvnebi (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 26-e da 27-e punqtebi) ar unda iqnes mxedvelobaSi miRebuli, radgan am eqimebs xeli ar miuwvdebodaT samedicino saqmisadmi 2005 wlis 15 seqtembris Semdgomi periodis ganmavlobaSi da, rom maT ar unaxavT ganmcxadebeli. rac Seexeba ganmcxadeblis mtkicebas, rom mis SardSi iyo sisxli, mTavroba aRniSnavs, rom laboratiriulma Semowmebas ver aRmoaCina sisxli. mTavrobas ar dauzustebia rodis Catarda Semowmeba da mas ar warudgenia Sesabamisi samedicino daskvnebis aslebi.
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85. ganmcxadebeli miuTiTebda im faqtze, rom mTavroba sadavod ar xdis, rom is janmrTeli iyo 2005 wlis 20 maiss, dakavebis momentisaTvis da, rom man dakarga goneba patimrobaSi yofnis dros. is miuTiTebs cixis saavadmyofos eqimebis 2005 wlis 25 maisiT daTariRebul diagnosze, rom mas awuxebda Tavis travma, rasac 2005 wlis 20 maiss mohyva gonebis dakargva da aseve miuTiTebs samedicino saqmeSi arsebul Canawerze, rom ganmcxadebels awuxebda tkivili filtvebis midamoebSi da hqonda wiTeli feris Sardi. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom mTavrobam ar axsna, rogor miiRo man zemoxsenebuli dazianebebi patimrobaSi yofnis dros. ganmcxadebeli aseve aRniSnavs, rom mas ar aqvs samedicino istoria, rac daadasturebda, rom is moulodnelad kargavs gonebas an daavadebulia filtvebis daavadebiT.
2. parimrobis dros Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebis savaraudo ararsebobis Sesaxeb
86. mTavrobis azriT, ganmcxadebels aRmoeCina yvela
aucilebeli samedicino momsaxureba misi patimrobis dros. 2005
wlis 21-dan 24 maisamde kardiologiur saavadmyofoSi yofnis dros
is moinaxula nevrologma, romelmac gasca rekomendacia,
Catarebuliyo tvinis skanireba, raTa dadgeniliyo saboloo
diagnozi. Tumca, aseTi proceduris Catareba SeuZlebeli gaxda,
radgan ganmcxadeblis sxeulis wonam, romelic 147 kilogrami iyo,
gadaaWarba skanirebis aparatisaTvis dasaSveb maqsimalur wonas,
rac 135 kilogrami iyo. mTavrobam warmoadgina skanirebis aparatis
broSuris asli Sesabamisi teqnikuri maxasiaTeblebiT. rekomendacia
tvinis skanirebis Sesaxeb ar dadasturda sxva nevrologis mier,
romelmac ganmcxadebelTan 2005 wlis 25 maiss Caatara konsultacia
cixis saavadmyofoSi. fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos arc mesame
nevrologs mouTxovia skanirebis Catareba.
87. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadebeli uzrunvelyofili
iyo sruli samedicino momsaxurebiT 2005 wlis 24 maisidan 2005
wlis wlis 1 seqtembramde cixis saavadmyofoSi misi yofnis
ganmavlobaSi.
mTavrobam
warmoadgina
ganmcxadeblis
medikamentebisaTvis gaweuli danaxarjebis qviTrebis aslebi 2005
wlis oqtombris, noembrisa da dekembris TveebisaTvis da
amtkicebda, rom aSkaraa samedicino saqmidan, rom ganmcxadebeli
uzrunvelyofili iyo Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebiT.
ganmcxadebeli ver daamtkicebs, rom uari eTqva Sesaferis
samedicino momsaxurebaze, radgan is uars acxadebda wamlebis
gadaylapvaze. mas srulad SeeZlo, mieRo wamlebi, radgan
samedicino saqme adasturebs, rom 2005 wels erTxel maisSi,
oTxjer ivnisSi, erTxel ivlisSi da erTxel agvistoSi, misi
mdgomareoba damakmayofileblad CaiTvala.
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88. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom misi azriT, fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva, romlis Catarebaze brZaneba gaica 2005 wlis 3 agvistos, ganxorcielda gonivrul vadaSi. is faqti, rom gamokvleva ver Catarda 2005 wlis 20 seqtembramde, ganpirobebuli iyo dadgenili aucilebeli winaswari administraciuli procedurebiT, rogoricaa sasamarTlo brZanebis Sesaxeb Setyobineba, gamokvlevis CatarebisaTvis yvela aucilebeli elementis momzadeba, fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofosaTvis Sesabamisi dokumentebis gadacema, cixis administraciisaTvis TxovniT mimarTva, rom gadmoeyvanaT ganmcxadebeli saavadmyofoSi da ganmcxadeblis saavadmyofoSi gadmoyvana. 2005 wlis 8 oqtombers Sedegebis miRebis Semdeg, sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom gamokvleva arasrulyofili iyo da gasca brZaneba damatebiTi gamokvlevis Sesaxeb. damatebiTi gamokvleva Catarda 2005 wlis 15 noembers da, misi Sedegebis safuZvelze, 2005 wlis 23 dekembers sasamarTlom gasca brZaneba ganmcxadeblis hospitalizaciis Sesaxeb specializebul fsiqiatriul dawesebulebaSi, fsiqikuri aSlilobisagan mis srul gamojanmrTelebamde.
89. ganmcxadebeli pirvel rigSi amtkicebs, rom policiis TanamSromlebi adekvaturad ar reagirebdnen gonebis dakargvaze. miuxedavad imisa, rom man goneba dakarga saRamos 8 saaTsa da 34 wuTze, saswrafo samedicino daxmareba ar yofila gamoZaxebuli sami saaTis ganmavlobaSi da isic mxolod misi advokatis daJinebuli moTxovniT. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, misi advokati daaxlovebiT saaTnaxevris ganmavlobaSi daJinebiT cdilobda, daerwmunebina policiis TanamSromlebi, rom gamoeZaxaT saswrafo samedicino daxmareba. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom mTavrobam ver SeZlo, warmoedgina damajerebeli axsna policiis mxridan dauyovneblivi reagirebis ararsebobis gamo.
90. ganmcxadeblis azriT, mTavrobam aseve ver daasaxela mizezebi, ratom ar moxda misi tvinis skanireba, rogorc es rekomendebuli iyo kardiologiuri saavadmyofos eqimebis mier. man uaryo mTavrobis mtkiceba, rom is iwonida 147 kilograms da amtkicebda, rom es argumenti mTavrobam gamoigona da is ar dasturdeba. man warmoadgina amonaridi Tavisi samedicino saqmidan, romlic mixedviT 2005 wlis 4 marts is iwonida 133 kilograms. asea Tu ise, ganmxadebeli amtkicebda, rom misi dakavebidan 2005 wlis 20 maisidan 2005 wlis 15 seqtembramde man daiklo wonaSi 30-35 kilogrami; Tumca mas gaukeTda tvinis skanireba mxolod 2006 wlis martSi. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom tvinis skanireba mniSvnelovani iyo misi mkurnalobisa da mdgomareobis mizezebis dasadgenad.
91. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebda, rom cixis saavadmyofoSi yofnisas is mudmivad Cioda tkivilebze filtvebis midamoebSi, magram samedicino gamokvleba ar Catarebula.
25
92. is aseve amtkicebda, rom 2005 wlis 2 ivniss cixis saavadmyofos eqimebma gasces rekomendacia fsiqiatriuli gamokvlevis Sesaxeb, magram maTi rekomendacia ugulebelyofil iqna.
93. cixis saavadmyofoSi ganmcxadeblis yofnis ganmavlobaSi sakmarisi samedicino momsaxurebis ararseboba dadasturda 2005 wlis 28 oqtombris sasamarTlo-samedicino gamokvlevis daskvniT da samedicino saqmis CanaweriT, romelic gaakeTa eqimma 2005 wlis 7 ivniss.
94. ganmcxadebeli aseve uCioda arasakmaris kvebas cixis saavadmyofoSi misi yofnis ganmavlobaSi, rac dasturdeba 99 dRis ganmavlobaSi 35 kilogramis daklebiT. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebda, rom masze saTanadod ar zrunavda momsaxure samedicino pesonali. man miuTiTa eqimebis mier gakeTebul samedicino saqmis Canawerebze, romlis mixedviT oTaxSi, sadac ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda, idga ganavlis mZafri suni, misi zewari iyo WuWyiani da mas uvlidnen sxva patimrebi.
95. 2005 wlis 1 seqtembridan 15 seqtembramde ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda cixis N3 samedicino ganyofilebaSi, romlis pirobebi ar iyo misaRebi fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomareobaSi myofi pirisaTvis.
96. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebda, rom fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva, romlis Catarebaze sasamarTlom 2005 wlis 3 agvistos gasca brZaneba mxolod 2005 wlis 15 noembers dasrulda, anu 75 dRis Semdeg. misi azriT, misi mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT, es ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos gonivrul vadad.
97. ganmcxadebelma daaskvna, rom mas Segnebulad amyofebdnen cixis saavadmyofoSi, raTa daemalaT sastiki mopyrobis kvali. im sastik mopyrobisa, romelsac ganmcxadebeli savaraudod daeqvemdebara da aRmoCenili samedicino momsaxurebis araadekvaturobis safuZvelze, ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom isini Seadgens wamebas konvenciis me-3 muxlis gagebiT.
3. gamoZiebis savaraudo araadekvaturobis Sesaxeb
98. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadeblis gancxadebebi ar dasturdeba prima facie mtkicebulebiT. nebismier SemTxvevaSi prokuraturam Caatara sruli gamoZieba, ris Sedegad man 2005 wlis 8 ivniss gadawyvita, ar aReZra sisxlis samarTlis saqme. 2005 wlis 1 ivniss ganmcxadeblis advokatis mier saCivris Setanis Sedegad prokuraturam dakiTxa policiis TanamSromlebi, romlebmac daakaves ganmcxadebeli da cixis saavadmyofos eqimebi da Seecada daekiTxa ganmcxadebeli 2005 wlis 25 da 30 maiss, magram am ukanasknelma uari ganacxada prokurorTan saubarze. ufro metic,
26
samedicino saqmeSi ar moipoveba raime mtkicebuleba, rom ganmcxadebeli daeqvemdebara sastik mopyrobas da im droisaTvis eqimebi eWvobdnen, rom ganmcxadebeli azviadebda Tavis simptomebs. arc ganmcxadebels da arc mis advokats detalurad ar auRweria savaraudo cudi mopyroba.
99. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, inter alia, rom sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb misi saCivris gamoZiebasTan dakavSirebuli sisxlis samarTlis masalebi ar Seicavda im eqimebis an policiis TanamSromlebis mtkicebulebas, romlebic daikiTxnen misi mdgomareobisa da 2005 wlis 20 maisis movlenebis Sesaxeb. is aseve amtkicebda, rom 2005 wlis 25 da 26 maiss eqimebda gaakeTes Canawerebi samedicino saqmeSi, rom 2005 wlis 20 maiss ganmcxadebels awuxebda Tavis travma, rasac mohyva gonebis dakargva da, rom mas hqonda tkivili filtvebis midamoebSi da misi Sardi iyo wiTeli feris. miuxedavad amisa, prokurorma daadgina, rom samedicino saqme ar Seicavs mtkicebulebas sastiki mopyrobis raime formis Sesaxeb. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom prokurori arc ki gacnobia samedicino saqmis masalebs. is faqti, rom man ar esaubra prokurors 2005 wlis 25 da 30 maiss, ganpirobebuli iyo misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobiT; Tumca, am faqtis miuxedavad, prokurori ekisreboda gamoZiebis valdebuleba.
100. ufro metic, ganmcxadebelisaTvis gamoZiebis Sedegebi cnobili gaxda 2005 wlis 23 dekembers, rac ar SeiZleba miiCneodes gonivrul vadad.
101. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebda, rom is prokurori, romelmac gamoiZia misi saCivari sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb, ar iyo damoukidebeli, radgan is iyo igive prokurori, romelic pasuxismgebeli iyo ganmcxadeblis sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze.
B. sasamarTlos Sefaseba
1. savaraudo sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb
102. rogorc sasamarTlom araerTxel ganacxada, me-3 muxli ganamtkicebs demokratiuli sazogadoebis erT-erT yvelaze fundamentur faseulobas. Zalian rTul situaciaSic ki, rogoricaa terorizmisa da organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg brZola, konvencia absoluturad krZalavs wamebas da araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas an dasjas. konvenciisa da misi N1 da N4 oqmebis materialuri debulebebisagan gansxvavebiT, me-3 muxli ar uSvebs raime gamonakliss da misgan gadaxveva dauSvebelia me-15 muxlis me-2 punqtis mixedviT, sagangebo mdgomareobis drosac ki, rodesac safrTxe emuqreba xalxis sicocxles (ix. Selmouni v. France [GC], no. 258003/94, 95-e punqti, ECHR 1999-V da Assenov and Others v.
27
Bulgaria, 1998 wlis 28 oqtombris gadawyvetileba, Report of Judgments and Decisions 1998-VIII, gv. 3288, 93-e punqti).
103. Tu piri dazianda patimrobis an sxva iseT dros, rodesac imyofeboda policiis kontrolis qveS, nebismieri aseTi dazianeba warmoSobs mtkice prezumpcias, rom piri daeqvemdebara sastik mopyrobas (ix. Bursuc v. Romania, no. 42066/98, me-80 punqti, 2004 wlis 12 oqtomberi). saxelmwifos ekisreba valdebuleba warmoadginos damajerebeli axsna, ram gamoiwvia dazianebebi. Tu saxelmwifo ver warmoadgens amis axsnas, aSkarad wamoiWreba konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRvevis sakiTxi (Selmouni v. France, 87-e punqti).
104. mtkicebulebis Sefasebisas, sasamarTlo zogadad iyenebs mtkicebis standarts `gonivruli eWvis gareSe~ (ix. Ireland v. the United Kingdom, 1978 wlis 18 ianvris gadawyvetileba, Series A no. 25, gv. 64-65, 161-e punqti). Tumca, aseT mtkicebuleba unda gamomdinareobdes sakmarisad mtkice, naTeli da Tavsebadi daskvnebidan an msgavsi faqtis gauqarwylebeli prezumpciidan. rodesac Sesabamisi movlenebi xdeboda mTlianad, an nawilobriv, xelisuflebis eqsluziuri kontrolis qveS, warmoiSoba faqtis mtkice prezumpcia im dazianebebTan mimarTebiT, romlebic moxda patimrobis periodSi. miiCneva, rom mtkicebis tvirTi ekisreba xelisuflebas, rom man warmoadginos amis damakmayofilebeli da damajerebeli axsna (ix. Salman v. Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, me-100 punqti, ECHR 2000-VII).
105. saqmeSi ar gamxdara sadavod is, rom 2005 wlis 20 maisis dRis meore naxevarSi ganmcxadeblis dakavebidan saRamos 11 saaTsa da 37 wuTze saavadmyofoSi mis moTavsebamde, ganmcxadebeli dakavebuli iyo edkmc-Si. arc is gaxda sadavod, rom mis dakavebamde ganmcxadebels ar aReniSneboda raime gansakuTrebuli garegnuli nakli misi Cveulebriv fizikur mdgomareobasTan SedarebiT (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli me-8 punqti), magram, policiis ganyofilebis datovebis Semdeg, is iyo ugonod oTx saaTze meti droiT (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli me-12 da me-13 punqtebi).
106. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadebelma dakarga goneba stresis gamo da is ar daqvemdebarebia sastik mopyrobas, rac dasturdeba mis sxeulze dabeJilobebis ararsebobiT. ufro metic, mTavrobam gamoTqva eWvi ganmcxadeblis Tavis mwvave travmisa da Seryevis Sesaxeb cixis saavadmyofos eqimebis mier dasmuli diagnozis mimarT.
107. sasamarTlo ver xedavs raime mizezs, ar endos am diagnozs. am TvalsazrisiT is aRniSnavs, rom diagnozi daisva cixis saavadmyofos eqimebis mier. mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia raime sawinaaRmdego samedicino daskvna da, nebismier SemTxvevaSi, diagnozi mogvianebiT dadasturda 2005 wlis 28 oqtombris sasamarTlo-samedicino gamokvleviT da 2005 wlis 20 seqtembrisa da 15 noembris fsiqiatriuli gamokvlevebis daskvnebiT, romelTa
28
Catarebis Sesaxeb brZaneba gasca erovnul sasamarTlom (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 21-e-22-e punqtebi).
108. ufro metic, Tavis travma ar aris ganmcxadeblis erTaderTi dazianeba, rac warmoSobs pasuxismgeblobas. cixis saavadmyofos samedicino saqmis mixedviT, ganmcxadebels aseve awuxebda tkivili filtvebis midamoebSi da hqonda wiTeli feris Sardi (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli me-15 da me-16 puntebi). mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia raime mtkicebuleba, rom am simptomebis mizezebi ar iyo gamowveuli 2005 wlis 20 maiss ganmcxadeblis mimarT gamoyenebuli savaraudo sastiki mopyrobiT.
109. is faqti, rom ganmcxadebels sxeulze ar hqonda sisxlCaqcevebi an sastiki mopyrobis sxva xilvadi niSnebi, sasamarTlos azriT, ar aris gadamwyveti. sasamarTlosaTvis kargad aris cnobili, rom arsebobs Zalis gamoyenebis meTodebi, romlebic ar tovebs raime kvals msxverplis sxeulze.
110. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom 2005 wlis 20 maiss misi fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomareoba gamoiwvia policiis TanamSromlebis mier mis mimarT gamoyenebulma sastikma mopyrobam. mTavroba uaryofs am mtkicebas. sasamarTlo SeSfoTebiT aRniSnavs ganmcxadeblis mdgomareobas, policiasTan misi urTierTobis Semdeg; Tumca, mis xels arsebuli mwiri mtkicebulebis, kerZod, alternatiuli samedicino daskvnis ararsebobis gamo, sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia daadginos pirdapiri mizezobrivi kavSiri sastik mopyrobasa da fsiqikuri aSlolobis mdgomareobas Soris.
111. mis winaSe arsebuli yvela masalis safuZvelze, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom mTavrobam ar daakmayofila masze dakisrebuli tvirTi, daerwmunebina sasamarTlo, rom ganmcxadeblis dazianebebi ar gamouwvevia mis mimarT sastiki mopyrobis gamoyenebas policiaSi patimrobis dros. Sesabamisad, dairRva konvenciis me-3 muxli, radgan ganmcxadebeli daeqvemdebara araadamianur da sastik mopyrobas.
2. patimrobis dros Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebis savaraudo ararsebobis Sesaxeb
112. sasamarTlo ixseniebs, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom konvenciis me-3 muxli ar unda iqnes ise gagebuli, TiTqos is adgens zogad valdebulebas, gaanTavisuflos dakavebuli janmrTelobis mizeziT, is mainc akisrebs saxelmwifos valdebulebas, daicvas TavisuflebaaRkveTili pirebis fizikuri keTildReoba, magaliTad maTTvis samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenis gziT (ix. Sarban v. Modlova, zemoTmoxseniebuli, 77-e punqti).
113. sasamarTlom unda gansazRvros saWiroebda Tu ara ganmcxadebeli mudmiv samedicino momsaxurebas, hqonda Tu ara mas
29
es ufleba CamorTmeuli, rogorc is amas amtkicebs da, Tu hqonda, Seadgens Tu ara es konvenciis me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego moqmedebas (cf. Farbtuhs v. Latvia, no. 4672/02, 53-e punqti, 2004 wlis 2 dekemberi.)
114. orive mxaris mier warmodgenili mtkicebuleba adasturebs, rom, Tavis mwvave travmasa da filtvebis midamoebSi tkivilTan erTad, ganmcxadebeli, rogorc Cans, imyofeboda fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomarebaSi, romelic Zalze savalalo samedicino mdgomareobaa, rac saWiroebda mudmiv samedicino momsaxurebas da mkacr zedamxedvelobas (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 22e puqnti). aSkaraa, rom ganmcxadebeli am mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda 2005 wlis 20 maiss policiasTan misi urTierTobidan mokle droSi da aseT mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda 2005 wlis 2 oqtombramde. 24 oqtombers is xelaxla aRmoCnda fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomareobaSi, xolo ganmcxadeblis amJamindeli samedicino mdgomareoba ar aris naTeli mxareTa komentarebidan.
115. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom eqimebis bergisa da morarus daskvnebi (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 26-e da 27-e punqtebi) arsebiTia, radgan, mTavrobis ganmcxadebebis sawinaaRmdegod, isini emyareba cixis saavadmyofos samedicino saqmis Semowmebas da zogadi medicinis codnas.
116. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadebels fsiqikuri aSlilobis diagnozi dausves mxolod 2005 wlis 20 seqtembers, rodesac fsiqiatriuli gamokvleba pirvelad Catarda (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 22-e punqti). am dromde kardiologiuri saavadmyofosa da cixis saavadmyofos samedicino saqmeebi uTiTebdnen mis mdgomareobaze, rogorc ~gaurkveveli warmoSobis aSlilobis sindromi~ an rogorc savaraudo simulacia (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli me-14 da me-16 punqtebi).
117. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom fsiqiatriuli gamokvleva ganxorcielda droulad da man miuTiTa im administraciul barierebze, rac dakavSirebuli iyo, inter alia, cixis saavadmyofodan fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi ganmcxadeblis gadayvanasTan. Tumca, sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia aseTi argumentebis miReba ganmcxadeblis kritikuli mdgomareobisa da im faqtis gamo, rom fsiqiatriuli gamokvlevaze pirvelad brZaneba gaica ara 2005 wlis 3 agvistos, rogorc amas mTavroba amtkicebs, aramed 2005 wlis 2 ivniss, rac aSkaraa cixis saavadmyofos samedicino saqmidan (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli me-15 punqti).
118. zemoaRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom 2005 wlis 20 maissa da 2005 wlis 20 seqtembers Soris, ganmcxadeblis mdgomareobis raime mkafio diagnozis ararsebobis gamo, erTaderTi samedicino daxmareba, romelic SeiZleba aRmoeCinad ganmcxadeblisaTvis, misi sicocxlis SenarCuneba iyo. Tumca, es daskvnac ki saeWvoa im faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom 2005
30
wlis 1-dan 15 seqtembramde ganmcxadebeli moTavsebuli iyo Cveulebriv cixeSi da ar arsebobs mtkicebuleba, rom raime samedicino momsaxureba aRmoCenoda mas. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom ganmcxadebeli ar iyo uzrunvelyofili Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebiT 2005 wlis 20 seqtembramde. sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia mis winaSe arsebuli masalebis safuZvelze (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 158-e punqti) gansazRvros iyo Tu ara 2005 wlis 20 seqtembers dadgenili diagnozis Sedegad Catarebuli mkurnaloba Sesaferisi da adekvaturi.
119. daskvnisas, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom adekvaturi samedicino momsaxurebis ararseboba Seadgens konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRvevas.
3. gamoZiebis savaraudo araadekvaturobis Sesaxeb
120. sasamarTlo ixseneibs, rom rodesac individi damajereblad amtkicebs, rom policiisa da saxelmwifos warmomadgenelTa mxridan is daeqvemdebara mopyrobas, romelic arRvevs me-3 muxls, es debuleba, romelic unda ganixilebodes konvenciis 1-li muxlidan gamomdinare saxelmwifos zogadi valdebulebidan, rom `TavianTi iurisdiqciis farglebSi yvelasaTvis uzrunvelyo[s] am konvenciiT ... gansazRvrul[i] uflebeb[i] da valdebulebeb[i]~, arapirdapir moiTxovs, rom unda arsebobdes efeqtiani oficialuri gamoZieba. rogorc es aris me-2 muxlidan gamomdinare gamoZiebis SemTxvevaSi, aseT gamoZiebas unda hqondes unari, SesaZlebeli gaxados amgvari pirebis identificireba da dasja. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, wamebisa da araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobisa da dasjis zogadi samarTlebrivi akrZalva, misi fundamenturi mniSvnelobis miuxedavad, gaxdeba araefeqtiani praqtikaSi da, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebisaTvis SesaZlebeli gaxdeba, faqtobrivad dausjelad SebRalon im pirTa uflebebi, romlebic maTi kontrolis qveS imyofebian (sxva saqmeebTan erTad, ix. Labita v. Italy [GC], no. 26772/95, 131-e punqti, ECHR 2000-IV).
121. gamoZieba efeqtiani rom iyos, is zogadad aucileblad unda miiCneodes im pirebis mier, romlebic pasuxismgebelni arian da atareben gamoZiebas damoukideblad im adamianebisagan, romlebsac ukavSirdeba es movlenebi (ix. e.g. Barbu Anghelescu v. Romania, no. 46430/99, 66-e punqti, 2004 wlis 5 oqtomberi). es niSnavs aramxolod ierarqiuli an instituciuri kavSiris ararsebobas, aramed aseve praqtikul damoukideblobas (ix., magaliTad, saqme Ergi v. Turkey, 1998 wlis 28 ivlisis gadawyvetileba, Reports 1998-IV, 83-e-84-e punqtebi, romelSic prokurori, romelic iZiebda gogonas gardacvalebis saqmes savaraudo Setakebis dros, ar warmoCinda damoukideblad imis gamo, rom is metismetad daeyrdno im
31
Jandarmebis mier miwodebul informacias, romlebsac kavSiri
hqondaT am SemTxvevasTan).
122. gamoZieba aseve unda iyos efeqtiani im gagebiT, rom mas
unda SeeZlos imis gansazRvra, policiis mier gamoyenebuli Zala
gamarTlebuli iyo Tu ara Sesabamis viTarebaSi (ix. Kaya v. Turkey, wlis 19 Tebervlis gadawyvetileba, Reports 1998-I, 87-e punqti).
123. seriozuli mtkicebebi sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb unda
iyos detaluri. es niSnavs, rom xelisufleba yovelTvis
seriozulad unda Seecados, daadginos ra moxda da ar unda
daeyrdnos naucfaTev da dausabuTebel daskvnas, raTa daasrulos
gamoZieba an gamoiyenos Tavisi gadawyvetilebis safuZvlad (ix.
zemoTmoxseniebuli gadawyvetileba saqmeze Assenov and Others v.
Bulgaria, 103-e punqti et seq.) man unda gadadgas misTvis xelmisawvdomi
yvela gonivruli nabiji, raTa uzrunvelyos SemTxvevis Sesaxeb
mtkicebulebis mopoveba, TviTmxilvelis Cvenebisa da sasamarTlo-
samedicino mtkicebulebis CaTvliT (ix. Tanrikulu v. Turkey [GC], no.
23763/94. ECHR 1999-IV, 104-e punqti et seq. da G�l v. Turkey, no. 22676/93, 89-e
punqti, 2000 wlis 14 dekemberi). gamoZiebis raime xarvezi, romelic
safrTxes uqmnis mis unars, daadginos dazianebebis mizezi an
pasuxismgebeli pirebis vinaoba, riskis qveS ayenebs am moTxovnis
dakmayofilebas.
124. pirvel rigSi sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom eWvs iwvevs
prokuroris, b-ni katanas damoukidebloba, romelmac awarmoa
gamoZieba. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom is igive prokurori iyo, vinc
ganmcxadebels oficialurad warudgina sisxlissamarTlebrivi
braldeba da vinc mimarTa buiukanis raionul sasamarTlos
ganmcxadeblisaTvis patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb da misTvis
patimrobis gaxangrZlivebis Taobaze (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 33-e
punqti).
125. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom b-n katanas ar
gautarebia raime sagamoZiebo RonisZieba ganmcxadeblis
advokatisagan saCivris miRebis Semdeg. es aSkarad gamomdinareobs
misi 2005 wlis 8 ivnisis gadawyvetilebidan, romelSic is acxadebs,
rom 2005 wlis 31 maisis saCivris gamosaZieblad, mas hqonda
warumatebeli mcdeloba, piradad gasaubreboda ganmcxadebels 2005
wlis 25 da 30 maiss. es ganmcxadebebi daadastura raskanis raionis
sasamarTlos mosamarTlem georg morozanma Tavis 2006 wlis 23
Tebervlis
gadawyvetilebaSi,
romliTac
ganmcxadebels
gasaCivrebaze uari uTxra.
126. ufro metic, 2006 wlis 8 ivnisis gadawyvetilebaSi ar
aris miTiTeba imaze, rom b-ma katanam ganixila ganmcxadeblis
samedicino saqme, an miTiTeba imaze, rom prokurorma Tundac
moixsenia Tavis mwvave travmis diagnozi. arc imazea miTiTeba, rom
romelime
eqimi
daikiTxa
ganmcxadeblis
samedicino
mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebiT. aSkaraa, rom b-ni katanas mier
32
gatarebuli sagamoZiebo RonisZiebebi moicavs mxolod or warumatebel mcdelobas, gasaubreboda ganmcxadebels, am ukanasknelis mier sastik mopyrobaze saCivris Setanamde. sasamarTlos xelT arsebuli samedicino dokumentebis mixedviT, ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomareobaSi da mas ar SeeZlo saubari. sasamarTlo gansakuTrebiT gansacvifreblad miiCnevs b-ni katanas daskvnas, rom ganmcxadeblis mimarT sastiki mopyroba nebismier SemTxvevaSi gamarTlebulia, radgan arsebobda prezumpcia, rom is moisurvebda, gamoeyenebina iaraRi misi dakavebis momentSi.
127. aseT situaciaSi sasamarTlo askvnis, rom saxelmwifo xelisuflebam ver SeZlo, Caetarebina Sesaferisi gamoZieba sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb ganmcxadeblis mtkicebebTan dakavSirebiT da rom, Sesabamisad, amis gamoc dadginda konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRveva.
III. konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis savaraudo darRveva
A. mxareTa argumentebi
128. konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtTan sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 191-e muxlis Sesabamisobis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mTavroba amtkicebda, rom marTlac SeuZlebeli iyo, rom piri, romelsac edeba brali iseTi danaSauli CadenaSi, romelic iTvaliswinebs patimrobas 10 welze meti vadiT, ganTavisufldes sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvamde. Tumca, ganTavisufleba SesaZlebeli iqneba, Tu saqmis ganmxilveli sasamarTlo, gadawyvets, Secvalos braldebisaTvis wayenebuli brali iseTi danaSauliT, romelic iTvaliswinebs patimrobas 10 welze naklebi vadiT. ufro metic, sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 191-e muxlis Sesabamisad gaTavisuflebis garda, aseve arsebobs giraoTi ganTavisuflebis SesaZlebloba 192-e muxlis Sesabamisad an gaTavisufleba piradi an organizaciis davdebobiT sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 179-e, 180-e da 195-e muxlebis Sesabamisad.
129. rac Seexeba ganmcxadeblis patimrobis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis dasabuTebas, mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadeblis patimroba aucilebeli gaxda, radgan is iyo eWvmitanili iseTi mniSvnelovani danaSaulis CadenaSi, rac iTvaliswinebs patimrobas 10-dan 25 wlamde da, rom is SeiZleboda, mimaluliyo, gavlena moexdina mowmeebze, xeli SeeSala WeSmaritebis dadgenisaTvis an xelaxla Caedina danaSauli. ufro metic, misi janmrTelobis problemebis gaTvaliswinebiT, mas
33
SeiZleba upiratesoba mieniWebina mimalvas sasjelis moxdis riskTan SedarebiT.
130. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom sisxlis samarTlos saproceso kodeqsis 191-e muxlis mixedviT, mosamarTle valdebuli iyo, gaeca brZaneba patimrobis Sesaxeb, patimrobis mizezebis arsebobis miuxedavad, Tu braldebuls wayenebuli hqonda brali iseTi danaSauli CadenisaTvis, romelic iTvaliswinebs patimrobas 10 welze meti vadiT da, rom patimrobis mizezebis realuri sasamarTlo kontroli SeuZlebeli iyo. ganmcxadebelma miuTiTa uzenaesi sasamarTlos plenaruli sxdomis ganmartebiT ganaCenze, romelmac daadastura misi pozicia.
131. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom erovnul sasamarTloebs ar dausabuTebiaT misi patimrobis mizezebi da TavianT gadawyvetilebebSi mxolod gaimeores patimrobis Sesaxeb samarTlebrivi normebis formulirebebi. maT aseve ver SeZles, gaebaTilebinaT ganmcxadeblis dacvis mier wamoyenebuli argumentebi.
132. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebda, rom patimrobis mizezebTan dakavSirebiT am saqmis garemoebebi iyo identuri saqmeebisa Sarban (zemoTcitirebuli) da Becciev v. Moldova, no. 9190/03, 2005 wlis 4 oqtomberi, romlebSic sasamarTlom daadgina me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis darRveva.
133. ufro metic, ganmcxadeblis patimroba ar iyo aucilebeli, radgan misi patimrobis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi is imyofeboda fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomareobaSi da sawolidan adgomac ki ar SeeZlo da, miTumetes, ver SeZlebda mimalvas an gamoZiebaze gavlenis moxdenas.
B. sasamarTlos Sefaseba
1. konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtTan sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 191-e muxlis Sesabamisobis Sesaxeb
134. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom saqmeze S.B.C. v. the United Kingdom (no. 39360/98, 2001 wlis 19 ivnisi), man daadgina konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis darRveva, radgan inglisis kanonmdebloba ar uSvebda msjavrdebulTa garkveuli kategoriis mimarT giraos gamoyenebis uflebas. sasamarTlom daadgina am saqmeze, rom kanonmdebelma Tavidanve gamoricxa raime mosazrebiT sasamarTlo ganxilvamde piris ganTavisuflebis SesaZlebloba.
135. winamdebare saqme S.B.C.-s msgavsia imiT, rom moldovis sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 191-e muxli ar iTvaliswinebis sasamarTlo ganxilvamde ganTavisuflebis SesaZloblobas im pirebis mimarT, visac brali edeba ganzxraxi danaSaulisaTvis, rac iTvaliswinebs 10 welze meti vadiT
34
patimrobas. naTelia, rom winamdebare saqmeSi ganmcxadebels brali waeyena aseTi danaSaulisaTvis.
136. mTavrobis arguments, rom braldebulisaTvis wayenebuli brali SeiZleba Teoriulad Seicvalos ufro msubuqi braldebi da, Sesabamisad, uSvebda ganmcxadeblisaTvis imis SesaZleblobas, rom ganTavisuflebuliyo sasamarTlo procesis ganmavlobaSi, evropuli sasamarTlo ver miiRebs. pirvel rigSi, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom aseTi Secvla ar SeiZleba moaxdinos gamomZiebelma mosamarTlem, romelic gamoscems an axangrZlivebs patimrobis brZanebas, aramed mxolod saqmis ganmxilvelma mosamarTlem mas Semdeg, rac sisxlis samarTlis saqmis masalebi gadaegzavneba sasamarTlos saqmis arsebiTi mxaris gansaxilvelad (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 67-e punqti). meore sakiTxi, da rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania, gamomdinareobs saqmidan S.B.C. aris is, rom sasamarTlo ganxilvis ganmavlobaSi gaTavisuflebis ufleba principSi ar SeiZleba winaswar gamoricxos kanonmdebelma.
137. rac Seexeba mTavrobis arguments, rom ganmcxadebels SeeZlo moeTxova ganTavisufleba giraos safuZvelze an piradi an organizaciis TavTebobiT, sasamarTlos miaCnia is am saqmisaTvis miuReblad, radgan Sesabamisma erovnulma samarTalwarmoebam miuTiTa mxolod sasamarTlo procesis ganmavlobaSi ganTavisuflebaze.
138. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom dairRva konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti imiT, rom sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 191-e muxlis mixedviT, SeuZlebeli iyo ganmcxadeblis ganTavisufleba sasamarTlo procesis ganmavlobaSi.
2. ganmcxadeblis patimrobis sakmarisi mizezebis ararsebobis Sesaxeb
139. sasamarTlo ixseniebs, rom me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis meore nawilis mixedviT, piri, romelic braldebulia danaSaulis CadenaSi, yovelTvis unda ganTavisufldes sasamarTlo ganxilvis ganmavlobaSi, Tu saxelmwifom ver daamtkica, rom arsebobs `mniSvnelovani da sakmarisi~ mizezebi, rom gamarTldes misi patimrobaSi datoveba (Yaci and Sargin v. Turkey, 1995 wlis 8 ivnisis gadawyvetileba, Series A no. 319-A, 52-e punqti).
140. ufro metic, erovnulma sasamarTloebma `unda ganixilon yvela faqti, romelic sajaro interesis WeSmariti moTxovnis arsebobas emxroba an ewinaaRmdegeba da romlis arseboba, udanaSaulobis prezumpciis principis gaTvaliswinebiT, amarTlebs, pirovnuli Tavisuflebis pativiscemis wesisagan gadaxvevas da adgens maT TavianT gadawyvetilebebSi ganTavisuflebis Sesaxeb mimarTvebTan dakavSirebiT~ (Letellier v. France, 1991 wlis 26 ivnisis gadawyvetileba, Series A no. 207, 35-e punqti).
35
141. gonivruli eWvis uryeoba, rom dakavebulma pirma Caidina danaSauli, aris misi patimrobaSi datovebis kanonierebis sine qua non piroba, magram garkveuli drois gasvlis Semdeg is aRar aris sakmarisi. aseT SemTxvevebSi, sasamarTlom unda daadginos, kidev amarTlebs Tu ara Tavisuflebis aRkveTas sasamarTlo organoebis mier gamoyenebuli sxva safuZvlebi. rodesac aseTi safuZvlebi aris `mniSvnelovani~ da `sakmarisi~, sasamarTlom aseve unda naTelhyos, kompetenturma erovnulma xelisuflebam gamoamJRavna Tu ara `gansakuTrebuli gulmodgineba~ samarTalwarmoebis warmarTvaSi (ix. Labita v. Italy, [GC], no. 26772/95, 152-e-153-e punqtebi, ECHR 2000-IV).
142. maSin, rodesac konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti `mosamarTles, romelic patimrobasTan dakavSirebul saCivars ixilavs, ar akisrebs valdebulebas, imsjelos ganmcxadeblis SepasuxebaSi moxseniebuli TiToeuli argumentis Sesaxeb, misi garantiebi iqneba azrs moklebuli, Tu mosamarTles, romelic eyrdnoba Sidasaxelmwifoebriv kanonmdeblobas da praqtikas, SeuZlia CaTvalos is umniSvnelod, an ignorireba moaxdinos im konkretuli faqtebisa, romlebsac dakavebuli eyrdnoba da SeuZlia Tavisuflebis aRkveTis `kanonierebisaTvis~ mniSvnelovani pirobebis arseboba eWvis qveS daayenos, konvenciis gagebiT.~ (Nikolova v. Bulgaria [GC], no. 31195/96, 61-e punqti, ECHR 1999-II). am konteqstSi `argumentebi, romlebic emxroba an ewinaaRmdega gaTavisufleba ar unda iyo `zogadi da abstraqtuli~~ (Smirnova v. Russia, nos. 46133/99 da 48183/99, 63-e punqti, ECHR 2003-IX (amonaridebi), Sarban v. Moldova, zemoTcitirebuli, 99-e punqti).
143. winamdebare saqmeSi, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom rogorc pirveli instanciis, ise saapelacio sasamarTlo, ganmcxadeblis patimrobis Sesaxeb brZanebis miRebisas da misi gaxangrZlivebisas, daeyrdno Sesabamis kanonmdeblobas, magram ar miuTiTes mtkicebulebebis dasabuTebulad miCnevis mizezebi, ratom SeeZlo ganmcxadebels xeli SeeSala samarTalwarmoebisaTvis, mimalvoda an xelaxla Caedina danaSauli. maT arc imis mcdeloba hqondaT, rom earyvaT ganmcxadeblis dacvis mxaris argumentebi. amdenad, am saqmis garemoebebi msgavsia Becciev v. Moldova, 61-e-62-e da Sarban, me-100101-e, zemoTcitirebuli saqmeebis garemoebebisa, romlebSic am sasamarTlom daadgina konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis darRvevebi imis gamo, rom sasamarTlom ganmcxadebelTa patimroba arasakmarisad daasabuTa. vinaidan mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia mizezebi, romlebic am saqmes ganasxvavebda zemoaRniSnuli saqmeebisagan, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom igive midgoma unda arsebobs am saqmeSi.
144. zemoaRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom buiukanis raionuli sasamarTlosa da CiSinaus saapelacio sasamarTlos mier TavianT gadawyvetilebebSi moSveliebuli
36
mizezebi ganmcxadeblis patimrobasa da misi gaxangrZlivebasTan dakavSirebiT ar iyo `mniSvnelovani da sakmarisi~.
145. Sesabamisad, dadginda konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis darRveva.
IV. me-5 muxlis 1-li punqtis savaraudo darRveva
A. mxareTa argumentebi
146. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom mas Semdeg rac ganmcxadeblis saqmis masalebi waredgina saqmis ganmxilvel sasamarTlos 2005 wlis 23 ivliss, sasamarTlos unda ganexila ganmcxadeblis patimrobasTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri moTxovna, romelic efuZneboda patimrobis maregulirebeli kanonmdeblobis mkafio debulebebs, kerZod sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 186(2)-e da (8), 329(1)-e, 351(7)-e da 324(1)-e da (4) muxlebs (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 65-e punqti). zemoaRniSnuli da is faqti, rom ganmcxadeblis patimrobis Sesaxeb brZaneba miiRo gamoZiebelma mosamarTlem da ara prokurorma, ganasxvavebs am saqmes Baranowskisagan (zemoTcitirebuli). saqmis ganmxilvel sasamarTlos pirdapir aqvs dadgenili 10-dRiani vadis SezRudva, rom daadginos winaswari mosmenis TariRi (sssk-is 345-e muxli) da man Caatara aseTi mosmena 2005 wlis 3 agvistos. am saqmis Sinaarsidan yvelasaTvis naTeli iyo, rom ganmcxadebeli unda darCeniliyo patimrobaSi. amasTan erTad, ganmcxadebels SeeZlo nebismier dros moeTxova misi ganTavisufleba, Tu is CaTvlida Tavis patimrobas ukanono.
147. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, inter alia, rom 2005 wlis 23 ivlisidan 23 dekembramde is ukanonod imyofeboda patimrobaSi, radgan am periodTan dakavSirebiT mosamarTles ar gaucia brZaneba patimrobis Sesaxeb. man miuTiTa konstituciis 25-e muxlze, romlis mixedviT pirebi SeiZleba dakavebuli iyvnen mxolod mosamarTlis mier gacemuli brZanebis safuZvelze maqsimum 30 dRis ganmavlobaSi da amtkicebda, rom winamdebare saqmeSi arsebuli mdgomareoba msgavsia Baranowski-is saqmis mdgomareobisa.
B. sasamarTlos Sefaseba
148. sasamarTlo adasturebs, rom erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mixedviT patimrobis `kanoniereba~ mTavari, magram yovelTvis ar aris gadamwyveti elementi. amasTan erTad sasamarTlo unda darwmundes, rom am periodis ganmavlobaSi patimroba Seesabameba me5 muxlis 1-li punqts, romlic mizania pirebisaTvis ukanono gziT Tavisuflebis aRkveTis Tavidan acileba. sasamarTlom unda
37
naTelhyos, Seesabameba Tu ara Tavad Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi
kanonmdebloba konvencias, masSi pirdapir Tu arapirdapir
dadgenili
zogad
principebis
CaTvliT
(Baranowski,
zemoTcitirebuli, 51-e punqti).
149. am ukanasknel sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo xazs
usvams, rom rodesac saqme exeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTas,
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rom dakmayofildes samarTlebrivi
sicxadis zogadi principi. Sesabamisad, mniSvnelovania, rom
erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mixedviT Tavisuflebis aRkveTis
pirobebi mkafiod iyos Camoyalibebuli da, rom Tavad
kanonmdebloba iyos ganWvretadi Tavis gamoyenebaSi ise, rom man
daakmayofilos konvenciiT ganmtkicebuli `kanonierebis~ moTxovna
_ moTxovna, romelic iTvaliswinebs, rom Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba
iyos sakmarisad zusti, rom pirs misces SesaZlebloba, Tu amis
saWiroeba aris, Sesabamisi konsultaciiT, garemoebebisaTvis
gonivrul farglebSi ganWvritos im moqmedebis Sedegebi, romlebic
man SeiZleba gamoiwvios (ix. Steel and Others v. the United Kingdom, 1998
wlis 23 seqtembris gadawyvetileba, Reports 1998-VII, 54-e punqti).
150. winamdebare saqmeSi sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom 2005 wlis ivlisis Semdeg erovnul sasamarTlos ar gaucia brZaneba
patimrobis Sesaxeb, romelic CaiTvleboda ganmcxadeblis
patimrobis an misi gaxangrZlivebis safuZvlad.
151. mTavroba iSveliebs sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis
ramdenime muxls, romelic misi azriT Seadgens ganmcxadeblis
patimrobis samarTlebriv safuZvels 2005 wlis 23 ivliss
patimrobis Sesaxeb brZanebis moqmedebis vadis gasvlis Semdeg (ix.
zemoTmoxseniebuli 146-e punqti).
152. am muxlebis analizis Sedegad, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom
arcerTi maTgani ar iTvaliswinebs ganmcxadeblis patimrobas,
patimrobis Sesaxeb brZanebis gareSe. ufro metic, imis
gaTvaliswinebiTac ki, rom mTavrobis mier moSveliebuli erT-erTi
debuleba romc adgendes aseT patimrobas, es daarRvevda
konstituciis 25-e punqts, romelic mkafiod gansazRvravs, rom
patimroba SesaZlebelia mxolod brZanebis safuZvelze da, rom is
ar SeiZleba iyos 30 dReze meti droiT. es dadasturebulia
sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 177-e muxlis debulebebiT
(ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli 65-e punqti), romelic imeorebs
konstituciis 25-e muxlis debulebebs imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom
patimroba SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes mxolod sasamarTlos
brZanebis safuZvelze.
153. zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinareobs, rom ganmcxadeblis
patimroba 2005 wlis 23 ivliss patimrobis Sesaxeb brZanebis vadis
gasvlis Semdeg ar iyo iuridiul safuZvelze dafuZnebuli.
154. Sesabamisad, am TvalsazrisiTac dairRva konvenciis me-5
muxlis 1-li punqti.
38
V. konvenciis 34-e punqtis savaraudo Seusrulebloba
A. mxareTa argumentebi
155. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom xelisuflebis uari neba miecaT, rom advokatebs da kerZo eqims moenaxulebinaT is da enaxaT samedicino saqme, Seadgens evropuli sasamarTlosaTvis mimarTvis xelis SeSlas. is amtkicebda, rom damoukidebeli eqimis monaxuleba saWiro iyo, raTa daedginaT 2005 wlis 20 maisis Semdeg misi mdgomareobis mizezi, misi amJamindeli mdgomareoba da fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi aRmoCenili samedicino momsaxurebis xarisxi. aseTi daskvna aseve sasargeblo iqneboda misi samomavlo mkurnalobis daaxlovebiTi xarjebis Sesafaseblad, msgavsi formiT, rogorc es Sefasda saqmeSi Mikheyev v. Russia, no. 77617/01, 2006 wlis 26 maisi.
156. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom ganmcxadeblis advokatebs ar miumarTavT fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofosaTvis arcerTi TxovniT informaciis miRebis Sesaxeb ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobis mdgomareobisa da misTvis aRmoCenili samedicino daxmarebis Taobaze. rac Seexeba kerZo eqimis mier Semowmebas mTavroba kidev erTxel acxadebs, rom ganmcxadebels aRmoeCineboda yvela aucilebeli samedicino momsaxureba fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos eqimebis mier. mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia raime komentari saCivris arsebiT mxaresTan dakavSirebiT, rac ganmcxadebelma gaakeTa pirvelad Tavis 2006 wlis 31 martiT daTariRebul komentarebSi. mTavrobam mxolod zogadi komentarebi gaakeTa samarTalian dakmayofilebasTan dakavSirebiT, rom ar darRveula konvenciis 34-e muxli.
B. sasamarTlos Sefaseba
157. sasamarTlo ixseniebs, rom konvenciis 34-e muxli akisrebs xelSemkvrel saxelmwifos valdebulebas, xeli ar SeuSalos individualuri ganacxadis uflebis ganxorcielebas. es valdebuleba, rom xeli ar SeuSalos individualuri ganacxadis uflebis efeqtian ganxorcielebas, krZalavs iseT Carevas, rac individis uflebas xels SeuSlis, rom Tavisi saCivari efeqtianad waradginos evropul sasamarTloSi da man ganixilos is (ix. sxva saqmeebTan erTad da mutatis mutandis, Akdivar and Others v. Turkey, 1996 wlis 16 seqtemberi, Reports 1996-IV, gv. 1219, 105-e punqti; Kurt v. Turkey, 1998 wlis 25 maisi, Reports 1998-III, gv. 1191, 159-e punqti; Tanrikulu v. Turkey [GC], no. 23763/94, ECHR 1999-IV; Sarli v. Turkey, no. 24490/94, 85-e-86-e
39
punqtebi, 2001 wlis 22 maisi; da Orhan v. Turkey, no. 25656/94, 2002 wlis 18 ivnisi).
158. winamdebare saqmeSi sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom am Tavis mixedviT ganmcxadeblis saCivris arsi is aris, rom advokatebs surdaT, rom damoukidebel wyaros daedgina ganmcxadeblis samedicino mdgomareoba, sakuTriv, kerZo eqims. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadeblis advokatebma pirdapir Seatyobines saxelmwifo organoebs, rom maTTvis da eqimisaTvis ganmcxadeblis monawileba da samedicino saqmis gacnoba saWiro iyo evropuli sasamarTlos winaSe poziciis dasacavad (ix. zemoTmoxseniebuli me60 da 61-e punqtebi). sasamarTlos azriT, es Txovna gonivruli iyo da ar Cans, rom masze uaris Tqma iyo raime sazogadoebrivi interesiT ganpirobebuli. ufro metic, sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom ganmcxadeblis advokatebma ver SeZles, warmoedginaT TavianTi komentarebi materialuri zianis Sesaxeb, radgan maT ar hqondaT ganmcxadebelis monaxulebisa da samedicino saqmis gacnobis SesaZlebloba. sasamarTlo askvnis, rom es Seadgens individualuri sarCelis Setanis uflebis SezRudvas, rac unda CaiTvalos mopasuxe mTavrobis mxridan konvenciis 34-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebis Seusruleblobad. Sesabamisad, dairRva es debuleba.
159. sasamarTlom ukve gamoxata Tavisi seriozuli SeSfoTeba me-3 muxlis konteqstSi imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom ganmcxadeblis advokatebma da eqimebma ver SeZles misi monaxuleba. is miiCnevs, rom gangrZobadi uari monaxulebaze Seadges me-3 muxlis gansakuTrebul darRvevas da xazs usvams saswrafo aucileblobas, rom mopasuxe mTavrobam uzrunvelyos ganmcxadeblis advokatebisa da eqimebis dauyovleblivi da SeuzRudavi monaxuleba da misi samedicino saqmis gacnoba.
VI. konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba
160. konvenciis 41-e muxli adgens:
`Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom dairRva konvencia da misi oqmebi, xolo Sesabamisi maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTali darRvevis mxolod nawilobrivi gamosworebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo dazaralebul mxares samarTlian dakmayofilebas miakuTvnebs.~
A. materialuri ziani
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161. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom vinaidan mis advokatebs da
damoukidebel eqims ar miecaT neba, moenaxulebinaT is da
gacnobodnen mis samedicino saqmes, mas ar hqonda SesaZlebloba,
waredgina raime komentari konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis
darRvevidan gamomdinare misi samomavlo samedicino momsaxurebis
xarjebis Sesaxeb. Sesabamisad, ganmcxadebelma Txova sasamarTlos,
gadados am sakiTxis ganxilva da Tavis gadawyvetilebaSi miuTiTos
mopasuxe saxelmwifos, rom mis advokatebs da damoukidebel eqims
SeuzRudavad unda hqondeT misi monaxulebisa da samedicino saqmis
gacnobis saSualeba.
162. mTavroba adasturebs Tavis pozicias, rom ar darRveula
me-3 muxli da, rom, Sesabamisad, materialuri zianis sakiTxi ar
warmoiSoba.
163. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom 41-e muxlis gamoyenebis sakiTxi
materialur
zianTan
dakavSirebiT
ar
aris
mzad
gadawyvetilebisaTvis. Sesabamisad, misi ganxilva unda SeCerdes da
ganisazRvros damatebiTi procedurebi moldovas mTavrobasa da
ganmcxadebels Soris SeTanxmebis miRwevis SesaZleblobis
gaTvaliswinebiT.
B. aramaterialuri ziani
164. ganmcxadebeli moiTxovda 75,000 evros aramaterialuri
zianisaTvis. is amtkicebda, rom is ganicdida gansakuTrebiT mZafr
gonebriv tkivils. is adasturebda Tavis mtkicebas sastiki
mopyrobiT, misi fsiqikuri aSlilobis mdgomareobiT, samedicino
momsaxurebis ararsebobiT, arasakmarisi kvebiT, romlis gamoc man
dakarga 35 kilogrami 99 dReSi, sastiki mopyrobis Sesaxeb misi
saCivris gamouZieblobiT, misTvis Tavisuflebis ukanono aRkveTiT
da evropuli sasamarTlosaTvis mimarTvisaTvis xelis SeSliT.
165. mTavroba ar daeTanxma ganmcxadeblis mier moTxovnili
Tanxis odenobas da amtkicebda, rom man ver warmoadina Sesabamisi
magaliTebi precedentuli samarTlidan Tavisi moTxovnis
dasasabuTeblad. man Txova sasamarTlos, rom uari eTqva
gancxadeblis
samarTliani
dakmayofilebis
moTxovnaze
aramateriul zianTan dakavSirebiT.
166. sasamarTlo uTiTebs im mravalricxovan da gansakuTrebiT
sastik darRvevebze, romlebic moxda ganmcxadeblis mimarT. mis
mimarT sastiki mopyroba da misi momdevno dapatimreba cixis
saavadmyofoSi mniSvnelovnad daamZina xelisuflebis mier sastiki
mopyrobis Sesaxeb mtkicebebis gamouZieblobam da evropuli
sasamarTlosaTvis ganmcxadeblis mimarTvisaTvis xelis SeSlam.
ganmcxadebels aseve ukanonod aRekveTa Tavisufleba xangrZlivi
drois ganmavlobaSi mas Semdeg, rac is dapatimrebuli iyo sami
Tvis ganmavlobaSi raime mizezis gareSe. samarTlianobis
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safuZvelze Sefasebisas, sasamarTlo aniWebs 40,000 EUR, rasac emateba nebismieri gadasaxadi, romelic am Tanxas SeiZleba daekisros.
C. xarjebi
167. ganmcxadeblis advokatebi moiTxovdnen 139.8 EUR safosto xarjebisaTvis da 6,683.25 EUR warmomadgenlobiTi xarjebisaTvis.
168. rac Seexeba safosto xarjebs, maT gaugzavnes sasamarTlos DHL-is qviTrebis aslebi, rac adasturebs 139.8 EUR gadaxdas. isini amtkicebdnen, rom vinaidan es saqme gansakuTrebuli iyo sasamarTlos reglamentis 41-e muxlis mixedviT, swrafi fostis gamoyeneba gamarTlebuli iyo.
169. rac Seexeba warmomadgenlobiT xarjebs, advokatebma gaugzavnes sasamarTlos sabanko angariSebis aslebi, romlebic adasturebs mTliani Tanxis 6,683.25 EUR maTTvis gadaxdas ganmcxadeblis meuRlis mier.
170. maT aseve warudgines sasamarTlos maTsa da ganmcxadeblis meuRles Soris dadebuli kontraqtis asli, romlis mixedviT TiToeuli advokatis saaTobrivi anazRaureba Seadgenda 75 EUR. kontraqts maT Tan daurTes saqmeze daxarjuli drois Sesaxeb detaluri angariSi, romlis mixedviT b-n nagaceviSim daxarja 25 saaTi am saqmeze, xolo b-ma gribinceam daxarda 64.11 saaTi. saqmeze daxarjuli drois Sesaxeb detaluri angariSi ar Seicavda im dros, romelic daixarja ganacxadze me-5 muxlis me-4 punqtTan dakavSirebiT, razec ganmcxadebelma mogvianebiT moxsna Tavisi saCivari.
171. isini amtkicebdnen, rom maT mier saqmeze daxarjuli dro ar aris metismeti da gamarTlebuli iyo misi kompleqsurobiT da detalebis simravliT. saqmis masala Seicavs daaxlovebiT 800 gverds. daxarjuli dro aseve imiT gamarTlebuli iyo ganmeorebiTi mcdelobebiT, rom gacnobodnen samedicino saqmes da im faqtiT, rom sasamarTlosTan TiTqmis yvela korespondencia warmoebuli iyo ucxo enaze.
172. rac Seexeba saaTobriv anazRaurebas 75 EUR odenobiT, ganmcxadeblis advokatebi amtkiceben, rom is xvdeba moldovis advokatTa asociaciis mier rekomendebuli anazRaurebis odenobis farglebSi, rac iyo 40-150 EUR. maT waradgines dokumentis asli advokatTa asociaciis mier rekomendebuli anazRaurebis Sesaxeb, romelic miRebulia 2005 wlis 29 dekembers.
173. ufro metic, isini amtkicebdnen, rom saaTobrivi anazRaureba 75 EUR odenobiT gonivruli iyo maTi gamocdilebidan da im saqmeebidan gamomdinare, romlebic manamde iyo mogebuli evropul sasamarTloSi. isini amtkicebdnen, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciis `advokatebi adamianis uflebebisaTvis~ aramomgebiani
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statusi ar abrkolebs, rom maT miiRon anazRaureba TavianTi
klientebisagan. am TvalsazrisiT, isini amtkicebdnen, rom maTi
organizaciebis mier miRebuli granti ar aris sakmarisi maTi
ofisis Senaxvis xarjebis dasafaradac ki. maT aseve miuTiTes
CiSinauSi cxovrebis siZvireze da moiyvanes sacxovreblisa da
sawvavis fasebis magaliTebi.
174. mTavrobas sadavod ar gauxdia safosto xarjebisaTvis
moTxovnili
xarjebi.
Tumca,
is
ar
daeTanxma
warmomadgenlobisaTvis moTxovnili Tanxis odenobas da miiCnia is
metismeti da ararealuri qveyanaSi ekonomikuri mdgomareobisa da
saSualo yovelTviuri xelfasis gaTvaliswinebiT. saqmis sirTulis
aRiarebis miuxedavad, mTavroba sadavod xdis saaTebis im
raodenobas, rac daxarjes ganmcxadeblis advokatebma da
saaTobrivi anazRaureba, romelic maT hqondaT dawesebuli. man
aseve miuTiTa organizaciis `advokatebi adamianis uflebebisaTvis~
aramomgebiani statusze da im faqtze, rom b-ni nagaceviSi aseve iyo
advokati, da, Sesabamisad, mas hqonda Semosavlis sxva wyaroebi,
garda klientebis evropul sasamarTloSi warmomadgenlobisa.
175. sasamarTlo ixseniebs, rom imisaTvis, rom xarjebi moicvas
konvenciis 41-e muxlis safuZvelze gacemulma kompensaciam, unda
dadgindes, rom isini faqtobrivi da aucilebeli iyo da maTi
odenoba gonivrulia (ix, magaliTad, Amihalachioaie v. Moldova, no.
60115/00, 47-e punqti, ECHR 2004-...).
176. am saqmeSi yuradReba unda gamaxvildes warmodgenil
punqtobriv siaze, saqmis sirTuleze da advokatebis mniSvnelovan
wvlilze. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom moTxovnili xarjebi
faqtobrivia, maTi gaweva aucilebeli iyo da maTi raodenoba
gonivrulia. Sesabamisad, is mTlianad akmayofilebs moTxovnas am
Tanxis Sesaxeb.
D. saprocento ganakveTi
177. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom saprocento ganakveTi unda ganisazRvros evropis centraluri bankis sesxis saSualo ganakveTis odenobiT, plius sami procenti.
amis safuZvelze sasamarTlo erTsulovnad
1. acxadebs ganacxads dasaSvebad;
2. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-3 muxli, radgan ganmcxadebeli daeqvemdebara araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas 2005 wlis 20 maiss;
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3. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-3 muxli, 2005 wlis 20 maisidan 2005 wlis 20 seqtembramde Sesaferisi samedicino momsaxurebis ararsebobis gamo;
4. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-3 muxli policiis mier sastik mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblis saCivarze efeqtiani gamoZiebis Cautareblobis gamo;
5. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-5 muxlis 1-li punqti 2005 wlis 23 ivlisidan 2005 wlis 23 dekembramde iuridiuli safuZvlis gareSe ganmcxadeblis patimrobis gamo;
6. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti 2005 wlis 23 maisidan 23 ivlisamde ganmcxadeblis patimrobisaTvis arasakmarisi mizezebis gamo;
7. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti imiT, rom sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 191-e muxlis safuZvelze SeuZlebeli iyo ganmcxadeblis ganTavisufleba sasamarTlo ganxilvis ganmavlobaSi;
8. adgens, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom ver Seasrula Tavisi valdebuleba konvenciis 34-e muxlis mixedviT;
9. adgens, (a) rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadeblis advokatebi da eqimebi unda uzrunvelyos ganmcxadeblis dauyovneblivi da SeuzRudavi monaxulebisa da samedicino saqmis gacnobis uflebiT; (b) rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom unda gadauxados ganmcxadebels konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi Sesvlidan sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi 40,000 (ormoci aTasi evro) EUR aramaterialuri zianisaTvis da 6,823 (eqvsi aTas rvaasocdasami) EUR materialuri zianisaTvis im xarjebisaTvis, romelic unda gaices erovnul valutaSi, gacemis dRes arsebuli kursis mixedviT, rasac emateba nebismieri gadasaxadi, romelic am Tanxas SeiZleba daekisros; (c) rom zemoxsenebuli sami Tvis gasvlis Semdeg unda iyos gadaxdili saprocento ganakveTi, romelic ganisazRvreba evropis centraluri bankis sesxis saSualo ganakveTis odenobiT, plius sami procenti.
10. adgens, rom 41-e muxlis gamoyenebis sakiTxi materialur zianTan dakavSirebiT ar aris mzad gadawyvetilebisaTvis;
Sesabamisad:
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(a) itovebs uflebas, daubrundes am sakiTxs; (b) mimarTavs TxovniT moldovis mTavrobasa da mosarCeles, rom uaxloesi sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi warmoadginon TavianTi werilobiTi komentarebi am sakiTxze da, kerZod, Seatyobinon sasamarTlos maT Soris raime SeTanxmebis miRwevis Sesaxeb; (c) itovebs uflebas gansazRvros damatebiTi procedura da am uflebis delegirebas axdens palatis Tavmjdomaris sasargeblod, romelic daadgens imaves, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi.
Sesrulebulia inglisur enaze da werilobiT gacxadebulia 2006 wlis 11 ivliss, sasamarTlos reglamentis 77-e wesis me-2 da me-3 punqtebis Sesabamisad.
T.l. erli registratori
nikolas bratca prezidenti
© Rada Europy / Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka, źródło: HUDOC (hudoc.echr.coe.int), pozyskano 13.07.2026. · Źródło