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THIRD SECTION CASE OF LEVKIN AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA (Applications nos. 54089/21 and 36 others – see appended list)           JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG 8 February 2024       This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.   In the case of Levkin and Others v. Russia, The European Court of Human Rights (Third Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:  Peeter Roosma, President,  Ioannis Ktistakis,  Andreas Zünd, judges, and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 18 January 2024, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.  The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.  The Russian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.  The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.  The applicants complained of the disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies. They also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.  Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. JURISDICTION 6.  The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§ 68‑73, 17 January 2023). ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 11 OF THE CONVENTION 7.  The applicants complained principally of disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies, namely their arrest in relation to the dispersal of these assemblies and their conviction for administrative offences. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Article 11 of the Convention. 8.  The Court refers to the principles established in its case-law regarding freedom of assembly (see Kudrevičius and Others v. Lithuania [GC], no. 37553/05, ECHR 2015, with further references) and proportionality of interference with it (see Oya Ataman v. Turkey, no. 74552/01, ECHR 2006‑XIV, and Hyde Park and Others v. Moldova, no. 33482/06, 31 March 2009). 9.  In the leading cases of Frumkin v. Russia, no. 74568/12, ECHR 2016 (extracts), Navalnyy and Yashin v. Russia, no. 76204/11, 4 December 2014, and Kasparov and Others v. Russia, no. 21613/07, 3 October 2013, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 10.  Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion as to the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the interferences with the applicants’ freedom of assembly were not “necessary in a democratic society”. 11.  These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 12.  Some applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention and its Protocols, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. 13.  Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that these complaints also disclose violations of the Convention and its Protocols in the light of its findings in Butkevich v. Russia, no. 5865/07, §§ 63-65, 13 February 2018, Tsvetkova and Others v. Russia, nos. 54381/08 and 5 others, §§ 115-31, 10 April 2018, and Korneyeva v. Russia, no. 72051/17, §§ 34-36, 8 October 2019, as to various aspects of unlawful deprivation of liberty of organisers or participants of public assemblies; Karelin v. Russia, no. 926/08, §§ 58-85, 20 September 2016, concerning the absence of a prosecuting party in the proceedings under the Code of Administrative Offences (the CAO); and Martynyuk v. Russia, no. 13764/15, §§ 38-42, 8 October 2019, relating to the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal against the sentence of administrative detention. REMAINING COMPLAINTS 14.  Some applicants raised further complaints under Article 6 of the Convention alleging various aspects of unfairness of the administrative-offence proceedings. In view of the findings in paragraph 13 above, the Court considers that there is no need to deal separately with these remaining complaints. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 15.  Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see in particular Navalnyy and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 25809/17 and 14 others, § 22, 4 October 2022), the Court finds it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with these applications as they relate to facts that took place before 16 September 2022; Declares the complaints under Article 11 of the Convention and the other complaints under the well-established case-law of the Court, as set out in the appended table, admissible, and finds that there is no need to examine separately the remaining complaints under Article 6 of the Convention; Holds that these complaints disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention; Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention and the Protocols thereto as regards the other complaints raised under the well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table); Holds (a)  that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)  that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 8 February 2024, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.    Viktoriya Maradudina Peeter Roosma  Acting Deputy Registrar President     APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 11 of the Convention (disproportionate measures against organisers and participants of public assemblies) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth   Representative’s name and location Name of the public event Location Date Administrative charges Penalty Final domestic decision Court Name Date Other complaints under well-established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non‑pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros)[1]     54089/21 04/10/2021 Nikita Pavlovich LEVKIN Varvara Dmitriyevna Mikhaylova St Petersburg Artistic protest performance against restrictions on Twitter   St Petersburg   30/03/2021 article 20.2 § 2 of CAO detention of 7 days St Petersburg City Court 06/04/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 30/03/2021 until 01/04/2021 5,000     54670/21 13/10/2021 Aleksey Sergeyevich TOLKOV Dmitriy Sergeyevich Dimitriyev Orenburg Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Orenburg   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Orenburg Regional Court 14/04/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000     57607/21 14/11/2021 Kirill Alekseyevich MISHIN Mariya Olegovna Eysmont Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021   article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 19/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 31/01/2021 until 01/02/2021 4,000     57610/21 10/11/2021 Nikolay Olegovich ILYIN  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 11/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;    Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000     57624/21 10/11/2021 Idar Muratovich NAGOYEV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO detention of 7 days Moscow City Court 11/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 00.10 a.m. on 03/02/2021 until 10.30 a.m. on 04/02/2021;   Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO 5,000     57636/21 18/11/2021 Maksim Aleksandrovich FOMENKO  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Moscow City Court 21/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 02/02/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000     57946/21 12/11/2021 Militsa Vladimirovna BOGDANOVA  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 5,000 Moscow City Court 13/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000     57974/21 09/11/2021 Dmitriy Pavlovich VAKHRAMOV Sofya Zurabovna Sharangiya Nizhniy Novgorod Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 16/06/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000     58089/21 11/11/2021 Stanislav Timofeyevich KANEV Natalya Andreyevna Baranova Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Moscow City Court 11/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 02/02/2021 for compiling an offence report;    Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   58688/21 12/11/2021 Sergey Vladimirovich FATIN Ruslan Vladimirovich Sozonov Nizhniy Novgorod Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 12/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 23/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   58764/21 25/11/2021 Pavel Andreyevich SAVIN  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 27/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 23/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   58925/21 12/11/2021 Andrey Nikolayevich LOSHCHAKOV Viktor Valeryevich Kochenkov Izhevsk Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Izhevsk   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Supreme Court of the Udmurtia Republic 12/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   59425/21 25/11/2021 Dmitriy Aleksandrovich PRIVALOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 27/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 23/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;    Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   59592/21 17/11/2021 Andrey Olegovich DMITRIYEV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 18/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;    Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 02/02/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   59651/21 17/11/2021 Anna Alanovna KELEKHSAYEVA  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 17/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;    Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 1.20 p.m. on 31/01/2021 until 6.40 p.m. on 01/02/2021 4,000   59861/21 29/11/2021 Vasiliy Vasilyevich MOLODTSOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 29/06/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 02/02/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   59932/21 18/11/2021 Suyena Yevgenyevna LI Mariya Olegovna Eysmont Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 19/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 31/01/2021 until 01/02/2021;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   60055/21 01/12/2021 Viktor Sergeyevich VOROSHILOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Magadan   21/04/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO detention of 5 days Magadan Regional Court 04/06/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 7.30 p.m. on 21/04/2021 until 1.00 p.m. on 22/04/2021;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings 5,000   60076/21 24/11/2021 Yevgeniy Viktorovich GLEBOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Perm   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Perm Regional Court 26/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;    Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   60197/21 24/11/2021 Andrey Pavlovich BONDARENKO  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 20,000 Moscow City Court 25/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;    Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   60218/21 24/11/2021 Andrey Aleksandrovich YEROFEYEV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Saransk   21/04/2021 article 20.2 § 2 of CAO detention of 3 days Supreme Court of the Mordovia Republic 16/06/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 8.05 p.m. on 21/04/2021 until 2.15 p.m. on 22/04/2021;    Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 5,000   60222/21 20/11/2021 Aleksandr Vadimovich SHALAGINOV Ruslan Vladimirovich Sozonov Nizhniy Novgorod Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 20/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 23/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   60488/21 24/11/2021 Artur Alekseyevich VORONTSOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 07/06/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 10.50 p.m. on 02/02/2021 until 6.00 p.m. on 03/02/2021 4,000   61102/21 06/12/2021 Ivan Dmitriyevich GREBENSHCHIKOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 11/06/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 02/02/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   61123/21 06/12/2021 Aleksandr Fedorovich YEREMIN  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 09/06/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 23/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   61265/21 19/11/2021 Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich INYAYEV Konstantin Mikhaylovich Zinovyev Nizhniy Novgorod Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 20/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   61300/21 17/11/2021 Matvey Vyacheslavovich BORISOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Novosibirsk   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Novosibirsk Regional Court 18/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   61313/21 19/11/2021 Sergey Yuryevich SHIRYAYEV Ruslan Vladimirovich Sozonov Nizhniy Novgorod Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 19/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;    Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   61332/21 03/12/2021 Vladimir Mikhaylovich TATARNIKOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 27/09/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 12.20 p.m. on 31/01/2021 until 09.00 a.m. on 01/02/2021 4,000   61365/21 26/11/2021 Yegor Vladimirovich BUKHAROV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Tomsk   21/04/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 11,000 Tomsk Regional Court 28/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 21/04/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   61369/21 06/12/2021 Artemiy Alekseyevich YURIN  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 09/06/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 02/02/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   61375/21 06/12/2021 Anton Sergeyevich UTKIN  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   23/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 09/06/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 23/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   61398/21 26/11/2021 Yevgeniya Yevgenyevna MITROFANOVA Konstantin Mikhaylovich Zinovyev Nizhniy Novgorod Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 26/05/2021 Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report;   Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. 4,000   61449/21 19/11/2021 Igor Gennadyevich PEREVOZCHIKOV Olimpiada Valentinovna Usanova Nizhniy Novgorod Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Nizhniy Novgorod   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court 20/05/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   61692/21 10/12/2021 Aleksandr Aleksandrovich PILIPENKO  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021 article 20.2 § 6.1 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 09/07/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 11.55 a.m. until 20.20 p.m. on 31/01/2021 4,000   61738/21 10/12/2021 Pavel Yuryevich NIKITAYEV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   31/01/2021         article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 15,000 Moscow City Court 05/07/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000   71/22 05/12/2021 Aleksey Borisovich DAVYDOV  Memorial Human Rights Centre Moscow Rally "Free Navalnyy"   Moscow   02/02/2021 article 20.2 § 5 of CAO fine of RUB 10,000 Moscow City Court 07/06/2021 Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;   Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 02/02/2021 for compiling an offence report 4,000     [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.